Spiriferida

Spiriferida is an extinct order of brachiopods, known from the Ordovician to the Triassic.

Spiriferida

Wilson44691 · CC BY-SA 3.0 · via Wikipedia/Commons. May be a photograph of a specimen, or an artist’s reconstruction — an interpretation of a skeleton, since colour and soft tissue are almost never preserved.

On record

Recorded, not inferred
Sits inside
RhynchonellataPBDB
Diet
suspension feederPBDB
Life habit
epifaunalPBDB
Motility
stationaryPBDB
Vision
blindPBDB, for Rhynchonellata
Environment
marinePBDB, for Lophophorata

Time the record covers

At least 274 million years on record.

The record covers at least 458.2 Mya to 184.2 Mya. No occurrence read is dated outside 468 Mya to 161.5 Mya.

Ordovician — about 7 of 12000 occurrencesOrdovicianSilurian — about 1359 of 12000 occurrencesDevonian — about 5549 of 12000 occurrencesDevonianCarboniferous — about 2806 of 12000 occurrencesCarboniferousPermian — about 2248 of 12000 occurrencesPermianEarly Triassic — about 19 of 12000 occurrencesMiddle Triassic — about 0 of 12000 occurrencesLate Triassic — about 0 of 12000 occurrencesEarly Jurassic — about 12 of 12000 occurrencesEarly JurassicMiddle Jurassic — about 0 of 12000 occurrencesLate Jurassic — about 0 of 12000 occurrences474–464 Mya — about 0.5 occurrences464–453 Mya — about 0.5 occurrences453–442 Mya — about 16 occurrences442–432 Mya — about 396 occurrences432–421 Mya — about 902 occurrences421–410 Mya — about 883 occurrences410–400 Mya — about 453 occurrences400–389 Mya — about 759 occurrences389–379 Mya — about 2363 occurrences379–368 Mya — about 791 occurrences368–357 Mya — about 450 occurrences357–347 Mya — about 586 occurrences347–336 Mya — about 516 occurrences336–325 Mya — about 584 occurrences325–315 Mya — about 204 occurrences315–304 Mya — about 536 occurrences304–293 Mya — about 440 occurrences293–283 Mya — about 452 occurrences283–272 Mya — about 473 occurrences272–262 Mya — about 542 occurrences262–251 Mya — about 635 occurrences251–240 Mya — about 4 occurrences208–198 Mya — about 3 occurrences198–187 Mya — about 7 occurrences187–177 Mya — about 1 occurrence177–166 Mya — about 0.3 occurrences166–155 Mya — about 0.1 occurrences458.2 Mya184.2 Mya474 Mya155 Mya

12,000+ occurrences of Spiriferida on record. The Paleobiology Database records this as a living group, and the chart stops with its fossils rather than at the present. Bar height is expected occurrences, not a count: each fossil is spread across the span it is dated to, so a tall narrow bar means tight dating and a low wide one means loose.

When

12,000 occurrences read

These are dates about fossils, not the animal: the record can only begin after it arose and end before it died out, so either end may reach further. Shares are expected occurrences: a fossil dated to a span is counted partly in each period it straddles. The read hit its cap, so every figure above is a floor and the shares are of the occurrences read. More on what this infers.

Found in

at least 1125 formations

Moscow — 42.70°N, 76.75°WMoscow — 42.88°N, 78.42°WMoscow — 42.77°N, 77.82°WMoscow — 42.78°N, 77.89°WMoscow — 42.71°N, 78.94°WMoscow — 42.82°N, 78.68°WMoscow — 42.90°N, 78.04°WMoscow — 42.71°N, 78.97°WMoscow — 42.78°N, 78.83°WMoscow — 42.90°N, 78.25°WMoscow — 42.59°N, 74.70°WMoscow — 42.56°N, 74.58°WMoscow — 42.57°N, 74.54°WMoscow — 42.75°N, 77.01°WMoscow — 42.83°N, 75.78°WMoscow — 42.67°N, 76.73°WMoscow — 42.82°N, 76.34°WMoscow — 42.79°N, 76.15°WMoscow — 42.77°N, 76.03°WMoscow — 42.80°N, 76.09°WMoscow — 42.81°N, 75.91°WMoscow — 42.66°N, 75.38°WMoscow — 42.59°N, 75.18°WMoscow — 42.60°N, 75.34°WMoscow — 42.76°N, 75.73°WMoscow — 42.69°N, 75.24°WMoscow — 42.68°N, 75.57°WMoscow — 42.67°N, 75.48°WMoscow — 42.58°N, 75.06°WMoscow — 42.55°N, 74.82°WMoscow — 42.59°N, 74.96°WMoscow — 42.56°N, 74.93°WMoscow — 42.54°N, 74.88°WMoscow — 42.57°N, 74.75°WMoscow — 42.43°N, 74.49°WLudlowville — 42.76°N, 78.65°WLudlowville — 42.78°N, 78.79°WLudlowville — 42.86°N, 77.76°WLudlowville — 42.87°N, 77.88°WLudlowville — 42.83°N, 77.81°WLudlowville — 42.88°N, 78.57°WLudlowville — 42.96°N, 78.13°WLudlowville — 42.80°N, 77.27°WLudlowville — 42.78°N, 76.99°WLudlowville — 42.94°N, 78.13°WLudlowville — 42.90°N, 78.22°WLudlowville — 42.84°N, 77.90°WLudlowville — 42.70°N, 76.75°WLudlowville — 42.83°N, 76.50°WLudlowville — 42.86°N, 76.35°WLudlowville — 42.93°N, 76.22°WLudlowville — 42.95°N, 76.02°WLudlowville — 42.93°N, 76.00°WLudlowville — 42.85°N, 78.37°WLudlowville — 43.00°N, 79.00°WLudlowville — 42.72°N, 78.97°WLudlowville — 42.77°N, 76.71°WLudlowville — 42.75°N, 76.77°WLudlowville — 42.86°N, 76.51°WLudlowville — 42.89°N, 76.75°WLudlowville — 42.84°N, 76.33°WLudlowville — 42.89°N, 76.14°WLudlowville — 42.82°N, 75.53°WLudlowville — 42.79°N, 75.56°WLudlowville — 42.87°N, 75.71°WLudlowville — 42.84°N, 76.25°WLudlowville — 42.83°N, 75.99°WLudlowville — 42.83°N, 75.89°WLudlowville — 42.74°N, 75.54°WSkaneateles — 42.80°N, 76.69°WSkaneateles — 42.90°N, 76.47°WSkaneateles — 42.97°N, 76.44°WSkaneateles — 42.95°N, 76.43°WSkaneateles — 42.98°N, 76.34°WSkaneateles — 42.94°N, 76.25°WSkaneateles — 42.92°N, 76.21°WSkaneateles — 42.86°N, 76.14°WSkaneateles — 42.93°N, 75.99°WSkaneateles — 42.86°N, 75.89°WSkaneateles — 42.95°N, 75.88°WSkaneateles — 42.90°N, 75.60°WSkaneateles — 42.85°N, 75.58°WSkaneateles — 42.88°N, 75.52°WSkaneateles — 43.00°N, 75.41°WSkaneateles — 42.86°N, 75.42°WSkaneateles — 42.82°N, 75.40°WSkaneateles — 42.79°N, 75.27°WSkaneateles — 42.85°N, 75.18°WSkaneateles — 42.83°N, 75.02°WSkaneateles — 42.82°N, 75.10°WSkaneateles — 42.81°N, 74.94°WSkaneateles — 42.87°N, 77.88°WSkaneateles — 42.81°N, 76.81°WSkaneateles — 42.92°N, 78.13°WSkaneateles — 42.98°N, 78.07°WSkaneateles — 42.93°N, 76.99°WSkaneateles — 42.98°N, 76.09°WBanff — 57.00°N, 120.00°WBanff — 52.25°N, 117.25°WBanff — 53.08°N, 118.06°WBanff — 52.08°N, 116.43°WBanff — 53.03°N, 118.08°WBanff — 52.98°N, 117.33°WBanff — 51.80°N, 115.83°WBanff — 51.68°N, 115.83°WBanff — 51.60°N, 115.77°WBanff — 51.42°N, 115.75°WBanff — 51.25°N, 115.47°WBanff — 51.15°N, 115.55°WBanff — 51.08°N, 115.43°WBanff — 51.08°N, 115.17°WBanff — 51.05°N, 115.23°WBanff — 50.91°N, 114.85°WGeneseo — 42.33°N, 74.45°WGeneseo — 42.67°N, 75.59°WGeneseo — 42.64°N, 76.17°WGeneseo — 42.44°N, 74.54°WGeneseo — 42.61°N, 75.30°WGeneseo — 42.61°N, 74.30°WGeneseo — 42.65°N, 75.42°WGeneseo — 42.58°N, 75.16°WGeneseo — 42.60°N, 75.01°WGeneseo — 42.53°N, 74.99°WGeneseo — 42.54°N, 74.81°WGeneseo — 42.56°N, 74.85°WGeneseo — 42.48°N, 74.61°WGeneseo — 42.38°N, 74.43°WGeneseo — 42.54°N, 75.21°WGeneseo — 42.62°N, 75.37°WGeneseo — 42.50°N, 75.52°WGeneseo — 42.53°N, 74.93°WThree Forks Shale — 45.35°N, 111.17°WThree Forks Shale — 45.91°N, 111.85°WThree Forks Shale — 45.89°N, 111.96°WThree Forks Shale — 45.93°N, 111.86°WThree Forks Shale — 45.02°N, 112.56°WThree Forks Shale — 45.90°N, 111.40°WThree Forks Shale — 45.96°N, 111.54°WThree Forks Shale — 45.92°N, 111.55°WThree Forks Shale — 45.83°N, 111.64°WMahantango — 40.50°N, 77.25°WMahantango — 40.05°N, 77.52°WMahantango — 40.33°N, 76.92°WMahantango — 40.31°N, 77.09°WMahantango — 40.33°N, 77.17°WMahantango — 40.42°N, 77.17°WMahantango — 40.42°N, 77.00°WMahantango — 40.50°N, 76.92°WForaker Limestone — 39.85°N, 95.67°WForaker Limestone — 39.38°N, 96.31°WForaker Limestone — 39.27°N, 96.44°WForaker Limestone — 39.25°N, 96.20°WForaker Limestone — 39.17°N, 96.55°WForaker Limestone — 39.37°N, 95.88°WForaker Limestone — 39.34°N, 96.05°WForaker Limestone — 39.38°N, 96.40°WForaker Limestone — 39.07°N, 96.12°WForaker Limestone — 38.91°N, 96.07°WForaker Limestone — 38.37°N, 96.63°WForaker Limestone — 37.35°N, 96.48°WForaker Limestone — 37.09°N, 96.57°WForaker Limestone — 39.14°N, 96.31°WForaker Limestone — 37.82°N, 96.46°WForaker Limestone — 37.54°N, 96.48°WForaker Limestone — 39.92°N, 95.67°WForaker Limestone — 38.72°N, 96.16°WForaker Limestone — 37.65°N, 96.46°WForaker Limestone — 39.91°N, 95.91°WForaker Limestone — 38.02°N, 96.28°WForaker Limestone — 37.25°N, 96.53°WForaker Limestone — 38.81°N, 96.08°WBuffel — 25.37°S, 150.29°EBuffel — 25.17°S, 150.18°EBuffel — 25.26°S, 150.26°ESenja — 29.45°N, 82.94°ESenja — 29.48°N, 83.11°ESenja — 29.45°N, 83.00°ESenja — 29.36°N, 82.96°ESenja — 29.60°N, 82.83°ESenja — 29.60°N, 83.83°ESenja — 29.65°N, 82.88°ESenja — 29.37°N, 82.94°ESenja — 29.34°N, 82.99°ESilica — 41.72°N, 83.72°WSilica — 42.13°N, 83.60°WSilica — 42.33°N, 83.03°WSilica — 41.12°N, 84.85°WLime Creek — 43.05°N, 92.96°WLime Creek — 42.02°N, 93.45°WLime Creek — 43.05°N, 92.97°WLime Creek — 43.52°N, 92.95°WLime Creek — 43.83°N, 92.93°WLime Creek — 42.47°N, 91.89°WCathedral Mountain — 30.22°N, 103.43°WCathedral Mountain — 30.41°N, 103.11°WCathedral Mountain — 30.30°N, 103.30°WCathedral Mountain — 30.36°N, 103.19°WCathedral Mountain — 30.34°N, 103.25°WOnondaga — 40.48°N, 78.27°WOnondaga — 39.65°N, 78.76°WOnondaga — 40.48°N, 76.53°WOnondaga — 39.26°N, 78.53°WOnondaga — 42.95°N, 76.17°WOnondaga — 42.92°N, 78.25°WOnondaga — 42.78°N, 74.33°WOnondaga — 42.97°N, 76.14°WOnondaga — 42.18°N, 73.95°WOnondaga — 42.08°N, 73.97°WOnondaga — 42.26°N, 73.90°WOnondaga — 41.93°N, 74.03°WOnondaga — 42.59°N, 74.93°WOnondaga — 42.65°N, 74.04°WOnondaga — 42.55°N, 73.94°WOnondaga — 42.90°N, 76.02°WOnondaga — 42.96°N, 78.74°WOnondaga — 42.65°N, 74.08°WOnondaga — 42.00°N, 74.00°WOnondaga — 43.00°N, 75.00°WOnondaga — 43.00°N, 76.00°WTully — 42.66°N, 75.38°WTully — 42.60°N, 75.34°WTully — 42.79°N, 75.80°WTully — 42.53°N, 76.53°WTully — 42.79°N, 76.15°WTully — 42.81°N, 75.91°WTully — 42.74°N, 75.88°WTully — 42.69°N, 75.24°WTully — 42.76°N, 75.73°WTully — 42.59°N, 75.18°WTully — 42.58°N, 75.05°WTully — 42.61°N, 74.98°WTully — 42.53°N, 75.09°WTully — 42.54°N, 74.81°WTully — 42.52°N, 74.86°WTully — 42.57°N, 74.74°WTully — 42.43°N, 74.50°WBangor Limestone — 34.45°N, 87.75°WBangor Limestone — 34.59°N, 87.63°WBangor Limestone — 34.52°N, 87.58°WSecond Abden Shale — 56.07°N, 3.17°WGlen Aubrey — 42.30°N, 76.19°WGlen Aubrey — 42.38°N, 75.58°WGlen Aubrey — 42.31°N, 76.07°WGlen Aubrey — 42.29°N, 75.92°WGlen Aubrey — 42.16°N, 75.83°WGlen Aubrey — 42.18°N, 75.90°WGlen Aubrey — 42.18°N, 75.54°WGlen Aubrey — 42.14°N, 75.90°WGlen Aubrey — 42.11°N, 75.85°WGlen Aubrey — 42.20°N, 75.68°WGlen Aubrey — 42.14°N, 75.62°WGlen Aubrey — 42.17°N, 76.05°WGlen Aubrey — 42.28°N, 75.70°WGlen Aubrey — 42.29°N, 75.60°WGlen Aubrey — 42.14°N, 75.96°WGlen Aubrey — 42.44°N, 75.91°WGlen Aubrey — 42.26°N, 75.98°WGlen Aubrey — 42.36°N, 76.20°WGlen Aubrey — 42.53°N, 76.11°WGlen Aubrey — 42.57°N, 76.13°WGlen Aubrey — 42.49°N, 76.03°WGlen Aubrey — 42.37°N, 76.35°WCherokee Shale — 37.60°N, 94.68°WCherokee Shale — 37.35°N, 94.99°WCherokee Shale — 37.36°N, 94.82°WCherokee Shale — 37.30°N, 94.95°WCherokee Shale — 37.24°N, 94.99°WCherokee Shale — 37.17°N, 95.10°WCherokee Shale — 37.04°N, 95.17°WCherokee Shale — 37.14°N, 95.10°WCherokee Shale — 37.58°N, 94.64°WCherokee Shale — 37.51°N, 94.64°WCherokee Shale — 37.24°N, 94.95°WCherokee Shale — 37.32°N, 94.68°WCherokee Shale — 39.49°N, 94.28°WCherokee Shale — 37.10°N, 94.89°WCherokee Shale — 37.11°N, 94.82°WCherokee Shale — 37.24°N, 94.80°WCherokee Shale — 37.65°N, 94.71°WCherokee Shale — 37.04°N, 95.15°WChemung — 36.75°N, 82.25°WChemung — 36.77°N, 82.21°WChemung — 37.80°N, 80.30°WChemung — 42.22°N, 79.11°WChemung — 42.22°N, 76.61°WChemung — 42.00°N, 76.00°WChemung — 43.58°N, 75.70°WChemung — 43.32°N, 76.50°WChemung — 42.67°N, 76.92°WChemung — 42.20°N, 75.97°WChemung — 42.17°N, 76.50°WChemung — 42.46°N, 76.27°WChemung — 42.33°N, 77.13°WChemung — 37.39°N, 81.56°WChemung — 40.48°N, 77.13°WChemung — 41.85°N, 79.16°WChemung — 42.17°N, 76.27°WChemung — 42.33°N, 77.67°WChemung — 42.83°N, 76.55°WChemung — 42.67°N, 76.42°WChemung — 41.92°N, 76.52°WChemung — 42.17°N, 77.12°WChemung — 42.10°N, 76.25°WChemung — 42.15°N, 76.77°WChemung — 42.25°N, 77.79°WChemung — 42.33°N, 76.57°WChemung — 42.22°N, 78.67°WChemung — 42.25°N, 77.98°WChemung — 42.28°N, 78.17°WChemung — 41.63°N, 79.67°WChemung — 42.70°N, 78.83°WChemung — 41.73°N, 80.35°WChemung — 42.50°N, 80.33°WChemung — 41.72°N, 76.71°WChemung — 41.75°N, 77.30°WChemung — 41.84°N, 77.10°WChemung — 41.88°N, 77.50°WChemung — 41.91°N, 77.13°WChemung — 42.92°N, 76.46°WChemung — 42.10°N, 76.53°WChemung — 42.23°N, 75.53°WChemung — 42.35°N, 76.48°WChemung — 41.81°N, 77.78°WChemung — 37.72°N, 79.51°WChemung — 42.17°N, 76.10°WChemung — 42.20°N, 75.95°WChemung — 42.35°N, 76.36°WGraham — 33.02°N, 98.64°WGraham — 33.00°N, 98.67°WGraham — 33.11°N, 98.59°WGraham — 32.96°N, 98.76°WGraham — 33.09°N, 98.46°WGraham — 31.50°N, 99.37°WGraham — 31.44°N, 99.34°WGraham — 33.01°N, 98.52°WGraham — 31.49°N, 99.31°WWaterways — 58.00°N, 112.72°WRat Buri — 13.98°N, 99.36°ERat Buri — 13.40°N, 99.76°ERat Buri — 8.48°N, 98.53°ERat Buri — 7.38°N, 99.30°ERat Buri — 13.46°N, 99.74°EDenay Limestone — 39.22°N, 116.22°WDenay Limestone — 39.98°N, 116.27°W

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The named rock units Spiriferida has been recovered from, largest first. Drawn where the rock is now, not where it formed. The read hit its cap, so each count is a floor. 1,101 further formations hold fewer occurrences each and are not listed. 1,370 occurrences have no formation on record, which is common for older literature.

Found in the same rock

1,331 taxa

The Paleobiology Database records at least 1,057 sites for Spiriferida, and this reads 240 of them. The number is how many of those sites it was catalogued from too. The 24 sharing the most are listed.

This is not a list of everything alive at the time. It is only what has come out of the same ground as this animal and been written down.

Entered from

at least 795 references

Each of the 12,000 occurrences read was entered from one of these publications, ordered by how many each accounts for. This is not a search for papers mentioning the name. That read hit its cap, so each count is a floor. 783 further references are not listed. Entries link to doi.org where the Paleobiology Database holds an identifier, and to its own record where it does not. Relayed as the Paleobiology Database holds them, not checked against what they resolve to.

Media and terms

Media content2

Picture of Spiriferida

Credit
Wilson44691
Licence
CC BY-SA 3.0
Commercial use
the licence allows it

3D model

Source
Sketchfab
Credit
AVZ
Licence
CC Attribution
Commercial use
cannot be read from the licence given — check the record

Smithsonian Open Access was not reached for this taxon, so this list is what the others held rather than everything there is.

The description on this site

Licence
CC BY-SA 4.0

This is what the site found, which is not the same as what exists.

Keep going

What may have been alongside itRhynchonellata through timeThe world it lived on

Occurrence data from the Paleobiology Database, CC BY 4.0. Waagen 1883