Composita
Composita is an extinct brachiopod genus that lived from the Late Devonian to the Late Permian. Composita had a cosmopolitan global distribution, having lived on every continent except Antarctica. Composita had a smooth shell with a more or less distinct fold and sulcus and a round opening for the pedicle on the pedicle valve. Composita is included in the family Athyrididae and placed in the subfamily Spirigerellinae.

Ryan shell · CC BY-SA 3.0 · via Wikipedia/Commons. May be a photograph of a specimen, or an artist’s reconstruction — an interpretation of a skeleton, since colour and soft tissue are almost never preserved.
On record
Recorded, not inferred- Sits inside
- SpirigerellinaePBDB
- Diet
- suspension feederPBDB, for Athyrididina
- Life habit
- low-level epifaunalPBDB, for Athyrididina
- Motility
- stationaryPBDB, for Athyrididina
- Vision
- blindPBDB, for Rhynchonellata
- Environment
- marinePBDB, for Lophophorata
Time the record covers
At least 118 million years on record.
The record covers at least 372.15 Mya to 254.14 Mya. No occurrence read is dated outside 538.8 Mya to 201.4 Mya.
2,100 occurrences of Composita on record, most of them in the Permian. Bar height is expected occurrences, not a count: each fossil is spread across the span it is dated to, so a tall narrow bar means tight dating and a low wide one means loose.
When
2,100 occurrences- Cambrianunder 1%
- Ordovicianunder 1%
- Silurianunder 1%
- Devonian1%
- Carboniferous49%
- Permian50%
- Early Triassicunder 1%
- Middle Triassicunder 1%
- Late Triassicunder 1%
These are dates about fossils, not the animal: the record can only begin after it arose and end before it died out, so either end may reach further. Shares are expected occurrences: a fossil dated to a span is counted partly in each period it straddles. More on what this infers.
Found in
276 formations
- Gerster Formation · Park City Group89
- Road Canyon Formation76
- Cathedral Mountain Formation74
- Skinner Ranch Formation71
- Bell Canyon Formation69
- Word Formation65
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The named rock units Composita has been recovered from, largest first. Drawn where the rock is now, not where it formed. 252 further formations hold fewer occurrences each and are not listed. 131 occurrences have no formation on record, which is common for older literature.
Composita and its relatives
PermianWhere Composita and its relatives were recorded in the Permian.
Found in the same rock
743 taxa- Neospirifer dunbari83 sites
- Neochonetes granulifer57 sites
- Hustedia mormoni47 sites
- Crinoidea45 sites
- Derbyia42 sites
- Parajuresania nebrascensis41 sites
- Reticulatia huecoensis39 sites
- Rhombopora38 sites
- Hystriculina wabashensis36 sites
- Desmoinesia muricatina35 sites
- Spirifer35 sites
- Fenestella34 sites
- Punctospirifer33 sites
- Punctospirifer kentuckensis31 sites
- Crurithyris planoconvexa29 sites
- Fistulipora28 sites
- Brachiopoda27 sites
- Crurithyris27 sites
- Cystodictya27 sites
- Polypora27 sites
- Kutorginella lasallensis26 sites
- Linipalus magnispinus26 sites
- Meekella26 sites
- Linoproductus prattenianus25 sites
The Paleobiology Database records at least 1,737 sites for Composita, and this reads 240 of them. The number is how many of those sites it was catalogued from too. The 24 sharing the most are listed.
This is not a list of everything alive at the time. It is only what has come out of the same ground as this animal and been written down.
Entered from
246 references- Permian Brachiopods of West Texas, VI432
- The Geology of the Glass Mountains, Texas, Part II, Faunal summary and correlation of the Permian formations with description of Brachiopoda152
- Stratigraphy and Paleontology of the Uppermost Pennsylvanian and Lowermost Permian Rocks in Kansas123
- The biostratigraphy and paleoecology of the Gerster Limestone (Upper Permian) in Nevada and Utah91
- Pennsylvanian Invertebrate Faunas of Southeastern Kansas60
- T.D. Olszewski''s Ph.D. - Penn State University53
- Community paleoecology of the Pennsylvanian Winchell Formation, north-central Texas51
- Stratigraphic and Paleontologic Studies of the Pennsylvanian and Permian Rocks in North-Central Texas48
- The Paleontology and Paleoecology of the Lower Bangor Limestone (Chesterian, Mississippian)in northwestern Alabama46
- Stratigraphy and geologic history of the Amsden Formation (Mississippian and Pennsylvanian) of Wyoming45
- Stability of regional brachiopod diversity structure across the Mississippian/Pennsylvanian boundary44
- Middle Pennsylvanian Brachiopods From the Mud Springs Mountains and Derry Hills, New Mexico36
Each of the 2,100 occurrences read was entered from one of these publications, ordered by how many each accounts for. This is not a search for papers mentioning the name. 234 further references are not listed. Entries link to doi.org where the Paleobiology Database holds an identifier, and to its own record where it does not. Relayed as the Paleobiology Database holds them, not checked against what they resolve to.
Media and terms
Media content1
Picture of Composita
- Source
- Wikipedia/Commons
- Credit
- Ryan shell
- Licence
- CC BY-SA 3.0
- Commercial use
- the licence allows it
No 3D scan was found. Smithsonian Open Access, MorphoSource and Sketchfab were all searched.
The description on this site
- Source
- Wikipedia, “Composita”
- Licence
- CC BY-SA 4.0
This is what the site found, which is not the same as what exists.
Keep going
What may have been alongside itSpirigerellinae through timeFormations of the PermianThe world it lived on
Occurrence data from the Paleobiology Database, CC BY 4.0. (Brown 1849)