Productida

Productida is an extinct order of brachiopods in the extinct class Strophomenata. Members of Productida first appeared during the Silurian. They represented the most abundant group of brachiopods during the Permian period, accounting for 45-70% of all species. The vast majority of species went extinct during the Permian-Triassic extinction event, though a handful survived into the Early Triassic. Many productids are covered in hollow tubular spines, which are characteristic of the group. A number of functions for the spines have been proposed, including as a defensive mechanism against predators.

Productida

Wilson44691 · CC0 · via Wikipedia/Commons. May be a photograph of a specimen, or an artist’s reconstruction — an interpretation of a skeleton, since colour and soft tissue are almost never preserved.

On record

Recorded, not inferred
Sits inside
StrophomenataPBDB
Diet
suspension feederPBDB
Life habit
low-level epifaunalPBDB
Motility
stationaryPBDB
Vision
blindPBDB, for Strophomenata
Environment
marinePBDB, for Lophophorata

Time the record covers

At least 203 million years on record.

The record covers at least 455 Mya to 251.902 Mya. No occurrence read is dated outside 458.2 Mya to 247 Mya.

Ordovician — about 1 of 12000 occurrencesOrdovicianSilurian — about 321 of 12000 occurrencesSilurianDevonian — about 2172 of 12000 occurrencesDevonianCarboniferous — about 4283 of 12000 occurrencesCarboniferousPermian — about 5192 of 12000 occurrencesPermianEarly Triassic — about 31 of 12000 occurrencesMiddle Triassic — about 0 of 12000 occurrences462–455 Mya — about 1.0 occurrences455–448 Mya — about 0.0 occurrences448–440 Mya — about 15 occurrences440–433 Mya — about 41 occurrences433–426 Mya — about 102 occurrences426–418 Mya — about 177 occurrences418–411 Mya — about 157 occurrences411–404 Mya — about 170 occurrences404–397 Mya — about 151 occurrences397–389 Mya — about 211 occurrences389–382 Mya — about 608 occurrences382–375 Mya — about 332 occurrences375–367 Mya — about 225 occurrences367–360 Mya — about 260 occurrences360–353 Mya — about 399 occurrences353–345 Mya — about 389 occurrences345–338 Mya — about 703 occurrences338–331 Mya — about 758 occurrences331–323 Mya — about 309 occurrences323–316 Mya — about 156 occurrences316–309 Mya — about 500 occurrences309–301 Mya — about 789 occurrences301–294 Mya — about 730 occurrences294–287 Mya — about 457 occurrences287–279 Mya — about 833 occurrences279–272 Mya — about 1092 occurrences272–265 Mya — about 1031 occurrences265–257 Mya — about 544 occurrences257–250 Mya — about 861 occurrences250–243 Mya — about 0.6 occurrences455 Mya251.902 Mya462 Mya243 Mya

12,000+ occurrences of Productida on record. The Paleobiology Database records this as a living group, and the chart stops with its fossils rather than at the present. Bar height is expected occurrences, not a count: each fossil is spread across the span it is dated to, so a tall narrow bar means tight dating and a low wide one means loose.

When

12,000 occurrences read

These are dates about fossils, not the animal: the record can only begin after it arose and end before it died out, so either end may reach further. Shares are expected occurrences: a fossil dated to a span is counted partly in each period it straddles. The read hit its cap, so every figure above is a floor and the shares are of the occurrences read. More on what this infers.

Found in

at least 770 formations

Gerster — 40.17°N, 114.83°WGerster — 40.42°N, 114.83°WGerster — 40.50°N, 114.83°WGerster — 40.50°N, 114.67°WGerster — 41.25°N, 114.33°WGerster — 40.08°N, 113.83°WGerster — 39.33°N, 113.67°WGerster — 39.50°N, 115.25°WGerster — 40.25°N, 115.17°WSkinner Ranch — 30.21°N, 103.43°WSkinner Ranch — 30.26°N, 103.35°WSkinner Ranch — 30.36°N, 103.21°WSkinner Ranch — 30.33°N, 103.23°WSkinner Ranch — 30.26°N, 103.35°WSkinner Ranch — 30.25°N, 103.35°WCathedral Mountain — 30.22°N, 103.43°WCathedral Mountain — 30.41°N, 103.11°WCathedral Mountain — 30.26°N, 103.35°WCathedral Mountain — 30.36°N, 103.19°WCathedral Mountain — 30.34°N, 103.25°WCathedral Mountain — 30.26°N, 103.37°WCathedral Mountain — 30.35°N, 103.26°WRoad Canyon — 30.24°N, 103.44°WRoad Canyon — 30.38°N, 103.16°WRoad Canyon — 30.39°N, 103.14°WRoad Canyon — 30.30°N, 103.34°WCherokee Shale — 37.60°N, 94.68°WCherokee Shale — 37.42°N, 94.79°WCherokee Shale — 37.35°N, 94.99°WCherokee Shale — 37.30°N, 94.95°WCherokee Shale — 37.24°N, 94.99°WCherokee Shale — 37.23°N, 95.10°WCherokee Shale — 37.14°N, 95.10°WCherokee Shale — 37.54°N, 94.64°WCherokee Shale — 37.37°N, 94.86°WCherokee Shale — 37.58°N, 94.64°WCherokee Shale — 37.65°N, 94.71°WCherokee Shale — 37.33°N, 94.80°WCherokee Shale — 37.24°N, 94.95°WCherokee Shale — 37.32°N, 94.68°WCherokee Shale — 39.49°N, 94.28°WCherokee Shale — 37.11°N, 94.82°WCherokee Shale — 37.24°N, 94.80°WCherokee Shale — 37.04°N, 95.13°WCherokee Shale — 37.04°N, 95.17°WForaker Limestone — 39.85°N, 95.67°WForaker Limestone — 39.27°N, 96.44°WForaker Limestone — 39.25°N, 96.20°WForaker Limestone — 39.17°N, 96.55°WForaker Limestone — 38.37°N, 96.63°WForaker Limestone — 37.57°N, 96.57°WForaker Limestone — 37.35°N, 96.48°WForaker Limestone — 39.92°N, 95.67°WForaker Limestone — 39.37°N, 95.88°WForaker Limestone — 39.34°N, 96.05°WForaker Limestone — 39.38°N, 96.40°WForaker Limestone — 39.07°N, 96.12°WForaker Limestone — 38.91°N, 96.07°WForaker Limestone — 37.09°N, 96.57°WForaker Limestone — 39.14°N, 96.31°WForaker Limestone — 37.82°N, 96.46°WForaker Limestone — 37.54°N, 96.48°WForaker Limestone — 38.72°N, 96.16°WForaker Limestone — 37.65°N, 96.46°WForaker Limestone — 39.91°N, 95.91°WForaker Limestone — 38.02°N, 96.28°WForaker Limestone — 37.25°N, 96.53°WForaker Limestone — 38.81°N, 96.08°WRat Buri — 13.98°N, 99.36°ERat Buri — 13.40°N, 99.76°ERat Buri — 8.48°N, 98.53°ERat Buri — 7.38°N, 99.30°ERat Buri — 13.46°N, 99.74°EBuffel — 25.37°S, 150.29°EBuffel — 25.17°S, 150.18°EBuffel — 25.26°S, 150.26°ESenja — 29.48°N, 82.90°ESenja — 29.48°N, 83.11°ESenja — 29.45°N, 83.00°ESenja — 29.36°N, 82.96°ESenja — 29.61°N, 82.83°ESenja — 29.60°N, 83.83°ESenja — 29.65°N, 82.88°ESenja — 29.37°N, 82.94°ESenja — 29.34°N, 82.99°ECoyote Butte — 43.95°N, 119.76°WCoyote Butte — 43.92°N, 119.88°WCoyote Butte — 43.98°N, 119.73°WCoyote Butte — 44.06°N, 119.68°WCoyote Butte — 43.94°N, 119.79°WCoyote Butte — 43.95°N, 119.74°WNeal Ranch — 30.36°N, 103.13°WNeal Ranch — 30.35°N, 103.15°WNeal Ranch — 30.42°N, 102.97°WWord — 30.39°N, 103.14°WWord — 30.40°N, 103.16°WLudlowville — 42.76°N, 78.65°WLudlowville — 42.78°N, 78.79°WLudlowville — 42.86°N, 77.76°WLudlowville — 42.87°N, 77.88°WLudlowville — 42.83°N, 77.81°WLudlowville — 42.88°N, 78.57°WLudlowville — 42.96°N, 78.13°WLudlowville — 42.80°N, 77.27°WLudlowville — 42.78°N, 76.99°WLudlowville — 42.94°N, 78.13°WLudlowville — 42.90°N, 78.22°WLudlowville — 42.84°N, 77.90°WLudlowville — 42.70°N, 76.75°WLudlowville — 42.83°N, 76.50°WLudlowville — 42.86°N, 76.35°WLudlowville — 42.93°N, 76.22°WLudlowville — 42.95°N, 76.02°WLudlowville — 42.93°N, 76.00°WLudlowville — 42.85°N, 78.37°WLudlowville — 43.00°N, 79.00°WGaptank — 30.40°N, 102.96°WGaptank — 30.17°N, 103.35°WGaptank — 30.21°N, 103.32°WGaptank — 30.36°N, 103.12°WGaptank — 30.35°N, 103.13°WGaptank — 30.50°N, 103.00°WGaptank — 30.32°N, 103.28°WGaptank — 30.32°N, 103.22°WWood Siding — 39.27°N, 96.42°WWood Siding — 39.05°N, 96.05°WWood Siding — 40.30°N, 95.64°WWood Siding — 39.94°N, 95.93°WWood Siding — 39.38°N, 95.23°WWood Siding — 39.46°N, 95.75°WWood Siding — 39.25°N, 95.90°WWood Siding — 39.17°N, 96.13°WWood Siding — 38.75°N, 95.97°WWood Siding — 37.90°N, 96.37°WWood Siding — 39.11°N, 96.37°WWood Siding — 39.07°N, 96.08°WWood Siding — 38.03°N, 96.28°WWood Siding — 38.20°N, 96.29°WWood Siding — 40.38°N, 95.66°WWood Siding — 39.91°N, 95.55°WWood Siding — 39.55°N, 96.25°WWood Siding — 39.50°N, 96.08°WWood Siding — 39.38°N, 96.23°WWood Siding — 39.26°N, 96.25°WWood Siding — 39.14°N, 96.45°WWood Siding — 38.97°N, 96.00°WWood Siding — 37.76°N, 96.40°WWood Siding — 37.60°N, 96.37°WWood Siding — 37.54°N, 96.45°WWood Siding — 37.24°N, 96.53°WBanff — 57.00°N, 120.00°WBanff — 52.25°N, 117.25°WBanff — 53.08°N, 118.06°WBanff — 52.08°N, 116.43°WBanff — 53.03°N, 118.08°WBanff — 52.98°N, 117.33°WBanff — 51.80°N, 115.83°WBanff — 51.68°N, 115.83°WBanff — 51.60°N, 115.77°WBanff — 51.42°N, 115.75°WBanff — 51.25°N, 115.47°WBanff — 51.15°N, 115.55°WBanff — 51.08°N, 115.43°WBanff — 51.08°N, 115.17°WBanff — 51.05°N, 115.23°WBanff — 50.91°N, 114.85°WGraham — 33.02°N, 98.64°WGraham — 33.00°N, 98.67°WGraham — 33.11°N, 98.59°WGraham — 32.96°N, 98.76°WGraham — 31.50°N, 99.37°WGraham — 31.44°N, 99.34°WGraham — 33.01°N, 98.52°WGraham — 31.49°N, 99.31°WGraham — 32.54°N, 98.87°WSecond Abden Shale — 56.07°N, 3.17°WForaker Limestome — 39.49°N, 96.27°WForaker Limestome — 39.07°N, 96.07°WForaker Limestome — 39.25°N, 96.57°WForaker Limestome — 39.39°N, 96.41°WForaker Limestome — 39.07°N, 96.18°WForaker Limestome — 37.64°N, 96.43°WForaker Limestome — 37.65°N, 96.46°WForaker Limestome — 38.15°N, 96.32°WKeziliqiman — 37.00°N, 77.00°EKeziliqiman — 37.10°N, 79.00°EKeziliqiman — 38.10°N, 76.52°EKeziliqiman — 37.83°N, 76.80°EMuldraugh — 40.04°N, 86.87°WCabaniss — 37.48°N, 94.61°WCabaniss — 37.59°N, 89.70°WCabaniss — 38.64°N, 90.42°WCabaniss — 37.76°N, 94.46°WCabaniss — 38.04°N, 94.34°WCabaniss — 38.10°N, 94.36°WCabaniss — 38.28°N, 93.98°WCabaniss — 38.47°N, 93.87°WCabaniss — 38.56°N, 93.57°WCabaniss — 38.02°N, 94.36°WCabaniss — 38.26°N, 93.93°WWinchell — 31.50°N, 98.58°WWinchell — 33.03°N, 98.07°WWinchell — 31.84°N, 99.00°WSkaneateles — 42.80°N, 76.69°WSkaneateles — 42.90°N, 76.47°WSkaneateles — 42.97°N, 76.44°WSkaneateles — 42.95°N, 76.43°WSkaneateles — 42.98°N, 76.34°WSkaneateles — 42.94°N, 76.25°WSkaneateles — 42.92°N, 76.21°WSkaneateles — 42.86°N, 76.14°WSkaneateles — 42.93°N, 75.99°WSkaneateles — 42.86°N, 75.89°WSkaneateles — 42.95°N, 75.88°WSkaneateles — 42.90°N, 75.60°WSkaneateles — 42.85°N, 75.58°WSkaneateles — 42.88°N, 75.52°WSkaneateles — 42.88°N, 75.37°WSkaneateles — 42.82°N, 75.10°WSkaneateles — 42.87°N, 77.88°WSkaneateles — 42.81°N, 76.81°W

Loading coastlines…

The named rock units Productida has been recovered from, largest first. Drawn where the rock is now, not where it formed. The read hit its cap, so each count is a floor. 746 further formations hold fewer occurrences each and are not listed. 921 occurrences have no formation on record, which is common for older literature.

Found in the same rock

1,051 taxa

The Paleobiology Database records at least 872 sites for Productida, and this reads 240 of them. The number is how many of those sites it was catalogued from too. The 24 sharing the most are listed.

This is not a list of everything alive at the time. It is only what has come out of the same ground as this animal and been written down.

Entered from

at least 594 references

Each of the 12,000 occurrences read was entered from one of these publications, ordered by how many each accounts for. This is not a search for papers mentioning the name. That read hit its cap, so each count is a floor. 582 further references are not listed. Entries link to doi.org where the Paleobiology Database holds an identifier, and to its own record where it does not. Relayed as the Paleobiology Database holds them, not checked against what they resolve to.

Media and terms

Media content1

Picture of Productida

Credit
Wilson44691
Licence
CC0
Commercial use
the licence allows it

No 3D scan was found. Smithsonian Open Access, MorphoSource and Sketchfab were all searched.

The description on this site

Licence
CC BY-SA 4.0

This is what the site found, which is not the same as what exists.

Keep going

What may have been alongside itStrophomenata through timeThe world it lived on

Occurrence data from the Paleobiology Database, CC BY 4.0. Sarycheva and Sokolskaya 1959