Cidaroidea

Cidaroida, also known as pencil urchins, is an order of primitive sea urchins, the only living order of the subclass Perischoechinoidea. All other orders of this subclass, which were even more primitive than the living forms, became extinct during the Mesozoic.

Cidaroidea

Didier Descouens · CC BY-SA 3.0 · via Wikipedia/Commons. May be a photograph of a specimen, or an artist’s reconstruction — an interpretation of a skeleton, since colour and soft tissue are almost never preserved.

On record

Recorded, not inferred
Sits inside
EchinoideaPBDB
Diet
grazer, deposit feederPBDB, for Echinoidea
Life habit
epifaunalPBDB, for Echinoidea
Motility
actively mobilePBDB, for Echinoidea
Vision
limitedPBDB, for Echinoidea
Environment
marinePBDB, for Echinodermata

Time the record covers

At least 290 million years on record.

The record covers at least 290.1 Mya to 11.7 ka. No occurrence read is dated outside 298.9 Mya to 0 Mya.

Carboniferous — about 0 of 1459 occurrencesPermian — about 30 of 1459 occurrencesPermianEarly Triassic — about 39 of 1459 occurrencesMiddle Triassic — about 99 of 1459 occurrencesLate Triassic — about 151 of 1459 occurrencesLate TriassicEarly Jurassic — about 56 of 1459 occurrencesEarly JurassicMiddle Jurassic — about 132 of 1459 occurrencesLate Jurassic — about 277 of 1459 occurrencesEarly Cretaceous — about 152 of 1459 occurrencesEarly CretaceousLate Cretaceous — about 191 of 1459 occurrencesLate CretaceousPaleocene — about 49 of 1459 occurrencesEocene — about 94 of 1459 occurrencesOligocene — about 17 of 1459 occurrencesMiocene — about 128 of 1459 occurrencesPliocene — about 22 of 1459 occurrencesPleistocene — about 20 of 1459 occurrences305–295 Mya — about 0.2 occurrences295–285 Mya — about 1 occurrence285–274 Mya — about 2 occurrences274–264 Mya — about 4 occurrences264–254 Mya — about 20 occurrences254–244 Mya — about 64 occurrences244–234 Mya — about 156 occurrences234–224 Mya — about 44 occurrences224–213 Mya — about 8 occurrences213–203 Mya — about 13 occurrences203–193 Mya — about 28 occurrences193–183 Mya — about 25 occurrences183–173 Mya — about 18 occurrences173–163 Mya — about 113 occurrences163–152 Mya — about 228 occurrences152–142 Mya — about 59 occurrences142–132 Mya — about 31 occurrences132–122 Mya — about 53 occurrences122–112 Mya — about 37 occurrences112–102 Mya — about 25 occurrences102–91 Mya — about 76 occurrences91–81 Mya — about 38 occurrences81–71 Mya — about 29 occurrences71–61 Mya — about 81 occurrences61–51 Mya — about 39 occurrences51–41 Mya — about 27 occurrences41–30 Mya — about 54 occurrences30–20 Mya — about 34 occurrences20–10 Mya — about 89 occurrences10–0 Mya — about 61 occurrences290.1 Mya11.7 ka305 Mya0 Mya

1,459 occurrences of Cidaroidea on record, most of them in the Late Jurassic. The Paleobiology Database records this as a living group. Bar height is expected occurrences, not a count: each fossil is spread across the span it is dated to, so a tall narrow bar means tight dating and a low wide one means loose.

When

1,459 occurrences

These are dates about fossils, not the animal: the record can only begin after it arose and end before it died out, so either end may reach further. Shares are expected occurrences: a fossil dated to a span is counted partly in each period it straddles. More on what this infers.

Found in

296 formations

Cassian — 46.54°N, 11.62°ECassian — 46.68°N, 12.15°ECassian — 46.52°N, 11.96°ECassian — 46.47°N, 12.07°ECassian — 46.64°N, 12.20°ECassian — 46.53°N, 11.92°ECassian — 46.54°N, 12.25°ECassian — 46.48°N, 11.81°ECassian — 46.59°N, 12.26°EQingyan — 26.33°N, 106.68°EBärschwil — 47.40°N, 7.42°EBärschwil — 47.38°N, 7.47°EBärschwil — 47.45°N, 7.59°EBärschwil — 47.32°N, 7.18°EBärschwil — 47.33°N, 7.45°EBärschwil — 47.41°N, 7.31°EBärschwil — 47.30°N, 7.08°EBärschwil — 47.38°N, 7.05°EBärschwil — 47.25°N, 7.00°EDhruma — 24.23°N, 46.58°EDhruma — 24.89°N, 46.58°EDhruma — 25.33°N, 45.50°EDhruma — 22.50°N, 46.00°EDhruma — 22.83°N, 46.83°EDhruma — 24.75°N, 46.00°EDhruma — 25.05°N, 45.67°EDhruma — 25.17°N, 45.50°EDhruma — 25.53°N, 45.00°EDhruma — 23.97°N, 46.00°EDhruma — 24.75°N, 46.08°EDhruma — 25.37°N, 45.50°EDhruma — 25.78°N, 45.25°EWildegg — 47.43°N, 8.18°EMaastricht — 50.85°N, 5.70°EMaastricht — 50.85°N, 6.77°EMaastricht — 50.86°N, 5.79°EMaastricht — 50.85°N, 5.83°EMaastricht — 50.88°N, 5.93°EMaastricht — 50.83°N, 5.64°ECoralline Oolite — 53.98°N, 1.53°WCoralline Oolite — 51.76°N, 1.12°WCoralline Oolite — 51.44°N, 2.00°WCoralline Oolite — 51.76°N, 1.20°WCoralline Oolite — 52.31°N, 0.26°WCoralline Oolite — 54.26°N, 0.47°WCoralline Oolite — 54.13°N, 0.79°WCoralline Oolite — 51.83°N, 1.01°WCoralline Oolite — 51.31°N, 2.13°WCoralline Oolite — 51.51°N, 1.95°WCoralline Oolite — 51.66°N, 1.58°WCoralline Oolite — 54.17°N, 0.98°WMoenkopi — 37.05°N, 113.75°WMoenkopi — 37.17°N, 113.29°WMoenkopi — 36.00°N, 114.00°WMoenkopi — 37.10°N, 113.25°WMoenkopi — 37.13°N, 113.76°WMoenkopi — 37.03°N, 113.27°WMoenkopi — 37.06°N, 113.69°WMoenkopi — 37.13°N, 113.23°WMoenkopi — 39.00°N, 110.68°WPantano — 44.49°N, 10.51°EPantano — 44.24°N, 10.95°EPantano — 44.27°N, 10.95°EPantano — 44.64°N, 10.30°EPantano — 44.30°N, 11.34°EPantano — 44.24°N, 11.00°EPantano — 44.46°N, 10.57°EPantano — 44.48°N, 10.80°EPantano — 44.49°N, 10.72°EPantano — 44.34°N, 10.45°EPantano — 44.42°N, 10.96°ESt-Ursanne — 47.39°N, 7.40°ESt-Ursanne — 47.43°N, 7.33°ESt-Ursanne — 47.44°N, 7.51°ESt-Ursanne — 47.38°N, 7.21°ESt-Ursanne — 47.33°N, 7.13°EDenton — 32.75°N, 97.25°WDenton — 33.15°N, 97.23°WDenton — 33.35°N, 97.18°WDenton — 33.37°N, 97.18°WDenton — 33.72°N, 97.17°WFutuna Limestone — 18.22°S, 178.78°EFutuna Limestone — 18.45°S, 178.48°ECastle Hayne — 34.64°N, 77.65°WCastle Hayne — 34.37°N, 77.86°WCastle Hayne — 34.44°N, 77.83°WCastle Hayne — 34.80°N, 78.02°WCastle Hayne — 35.01°N, 77.57°WCastle Hayne — 34.64°N, 77.96°WCastle Hayne — 34.23°N, 77.94°WCoral Rag de Trouville — 49.32°N, 0.03°ECoral Rag de Trouville — 48.60°N, 0.63°ECoral Rag de Trouville — 49.30°N, 0.07°WCoral Rag de Trouville — 49.37°N, 0.08°ESantee Limestone — 33.33°N, 80.15°WSantee Limestone — 33.45°N, 80.16°WSantee Limestone — 33.51°N, 80.49°WSantee Limestone — 33.41°N, 80.10°WSantee Limestone — 33.33°N, 79.69°WPelsonian-Lower Illyrian — 48.47°N, 20.52°EVincentown — 39.97°N, 74.68°WVincentown — 39.94°N, 74.75°WVincentown — 39.88°N, 75.13°WVincentown — 39.93°N, 74.75°WVincentown — 39.80°N, 75.06°WBilá — 49.98°N, 15.60°EVirgin — 37.01°N, 113.70°WVirgin — 37.11°N, 113.25°WVirgin — 37.04°N, 113.28°WVirgin — 37.02°N, 113.65°WCabo de Lata — 43.49°N, 3.79°WCabo de Lata — 42.84°N, 2.18°WBirdlip Limestone — 51.85°N, 2.10°WBirdlip Limestone — 51.99°N, 1.75°WFord — 54.88°N, 1.39°WFord — 54.83°N, 1.37°WGulpen — 50.73°N, 5.67°EGulpen — 50.75°N, 5.67°EGulpen — 50.75°N, 5.65°EMaastricht — 50.80°N, 5.67°EMaastricht — 50.83°N, 5.64°E

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The named rock units Cidaroidea has been recovered from, largest first. Drawn where the rock is now, not where it formed. 272 further formations hold fewer occurrences each and are not listed. 458 occurrences have no formation on record, which is common for older literature.

Cidaroidea and its relatives

Late Jurassic

Where Cidaroidea and its relatives were recorded in the Late Jurassic.

Found in the same rock

2,786 taxa

The Paleobiology Database records 982 sites for Cidaroidea, and this reads 240 of them. The number is how many of those sites it was catalogued from too. The 24 sharing the most are listed.

This is not a list of everything alive at the time. It is only what has come out of the same ground as this animal and been written down.

Entered from

352 references

Each of the 1,459 occurrences read was entered from one of these publications, ordered by how many each accounts for. This is not a search for papers mentioning the name. 340 further references are not listed. Entries link to doi.org where the Paleobiology Database holds an identifier, and to its own record where it does not. Relayed as the Paleobiology Database holds them, not checked against what they resolve to.

Media and terms

Media content1

Picture of Cidaroidea

Credit
Didier Descouens
Licence
CC BY-SA 3.0
Commercial use
the licence allows it

No 3D scan was found. Smithsonian Open Access, MorphoSource and Sketchfab were all searched.

The description on this site

Licence
CC BY-SA 4.0

This is what the site found, which is not the same as what exists.

Keep going

What may have been alongside itEchinoidea through timeFormations of the Late JurassicThe world it lived on

Occurrence data from the Paleobiology Database, CC BY 4.0. (Claus 1880)