Serpulidae

The Serpulidae are a family of sessile, tube-building annelid worms in the class Polychaeta. The members of this family differ from other sabellid tube worms in that they have a specialized operculum that blocks the entrance of their tubes when they withdraw into the tubes. In addition, serpulids secrete tubes of calcium carbonate. Serpulids are the most important biomineralizers among annelids. About 300 species in the family Serpulidae are known, all but one of which live in saline waters. The earliest serpulids are known from the Permian.

Serpulidae

Nhobgood Nick Hobgood · CC BY-SA 3.0 · via Wikipedia/Commons. May be a photograph of a specimen, or an artist’s reconstruction — an interpretation of a skeleton, since colour and soft tissue are almost never preserved.

On record

Recorded, not inferred
Sits inside
SabellidaPBDB
Diet
suspension feederPBDB
Life habit
epifaunalPBDB
Motility
stationary, attached, epibiontPBDB

Time the record covers

At least 477 million years on record.

The record covers at least 477.1 Mya to 11.7 ka. No occurrence read is dated outside 486.4 Mya to 0 Mya.

Cambrian — about 0 of 2390 occurrencesOrdovician — about 8 of 2390 occurrencesOrdovicianSilurian — about 38 of 2390 occurrencesDevonian — about 93 of 2390 occurrencesDevonianCarboniferous — about 100 of 2390 occurrencesCarboniferousPermian — about 67 of 2390 occurrencesPermianEarly Triassic — about 15 of 2390 occurrencesMiddle Triassic — about 67 of 2390 occurrencesLate Triassic — about 59 of 2390 occurrencesEarly Jurassic — about 160 of 2390 occurrencesMiddle Jurassic — about 134 of 2390 occurrencesLate Jurassic — about 345 of 2390 occurrencesEarly Cretaceous — about 245 of 2390 occurrencesEarly CretaceousLate Cretaceous — about 461 of 2390 occurrencesPaleocene — about 95 of 2390 occurrencesEocene — about 136 of 2390 occurrencesOligocene — about 33 of 2390 occurrencesMiocene — about 183 of 2390 occurrencesPliocene — about 19 of 2390 occurrencesPleistocene — about 117 of 2390 occurrences496–480 Mya — about 0.7 occurrences480–463 Mya — about 0.3 occurrences463–447 Mya — about 6 occurrences447–430 Mya — about 17 occurrences430–413 Mya — about 28 occurrences413–397 Mya — about 6 occurrences397–380 Mya — about 35 occurrences380–364 Mya — about 33 occurrences364–347 Mya — about 17 occurrences347–331 Mya — about 40 occurrences331–314 Mya — about 15 occurrences314–298 Mya — about 43 occurrences298–281 Mya — about 17 occurrences281–265 Mya — about 20 occurrences265–248 Mya — about 44 occurrences248–232 Mya — about 86 occurrences232–215 Mya — about 24 occurrences215–198 Mya — about 37 occurrences198–182 Mya — about 128 occurrences182–165 Mya — about 63 occurrences165–149 Mya — about 355 occurrences149–132 Mya — about 107 occurrences132–116 Mya — about 130 occurrences116–99 Mya — about 91 occurrences99–83 Mya — about 101 occurrences83–66 Mya — about 341 occurrences66–50 Mya — about 141 occurrences50–33 Mya — about 99 occurrences33–17 Mya — about 102 occurrences17–0 Mya — about 262 occurrences477.1 Mya11.7 ka496 Mya0 Mya

2,390 occurrences of Serpulidae on record, most of them in the Late Cretaceous. The Paleobiology Database records this as a living group. Bar height is expected occurrences, not a count: each fossil is spread across the span it is dated to, so a tall narrow bar means tight dating and a low wide one means loose.

When

2,390 occurrences

These are dates about fossils, not the animal: the record can only begin after it arose and end before it died out, so either end may reach further. Shares are expected occurrences: a fossil dated to a span is counted partly in each period it straddles. More on what this infers.

Found in

487 formations

Kap Leslie — 70.48°N, 21.97°WChari — 23.50°N, 70.50°EPrairie Bluff — 34.51°N, 88.92°WPrairie Bluff — 34.25°N, 88.97°WPrairie Bluff — 33.87°N, 89.00°WPrairie Bluff — 33.79°N, 88.97°WPrairie Bluff — 33.72°N, 88.92°WPrairie Bluff — 33.79°N, 88.91°WPrairie Bluff — 33.50°N, 88.81°WPrairie Bluff — 33.38°N, 88.74°WPrairie Bluff — 32.90°N, 88.46°WPrairie Bluff — 34.48°N, 88.98°WPrairie Bluff — 33.03°N, 88.56°WPrairie Bluff — 32.73°N, 88.30°WPrairie Bluff — 32.74°N, 88.36°WPrairie Bluff — 32.70°N, 88.17°WPrairie Bluff — 32.63°N, 88.22°WPrairie Bluff — 32.43°N, 88.04°WPrairie Bluff — 32.39°N, 87.92°WPrairie Bluff — 32.31°N, 87.80°WPrairie Bluff — 32.23°N, 87.50°WPrairie Bluff — 32.14°N, 87.42°WPrairie Bluff — 32.07°N, 87.33°WPrairie Bluff — 32.04°N, 87.26°WPrairie Bluff — 32.08°N, 87.03°WPrairie Bluff — 32.05°N, 86.81°WPrairie Bluff — 32.05°N, 86.81°WPrairie Bluff — 31.97°N, 86.72°WPrairie Bluff — 32.00°N, 86.48°WPrairie Bluff — 31.98°N, 86.00°WPrairie Bluff — 31.98°N, 85.92°WQingyan — 26.33°N, 106.68°EQom Formation — 33.51°N, 51.99°EQom Formation — 34.51°N, 50.95°ECorsicana Marl — 33.53°N, 94.51°WCorsicana Marl — 33.10°N, 95.99°WCorsicana Marl — 32.88°N, 96.20°WCorsicana Marl — 31.82°N, 96.54°WCorsicana Marl — 31.40°N, 96.73°WCorsicana Marl — 31.30°N, 96.75°WCorsicana Marl — 30.94°N, 96.95°WCorsicana Marl — 30.38°N, 97.49°WCorsicana Marl — 30.37°N, 97.45°WCorsicana Marl — 30.25°N, 97.54°WCorsicana Marl — 30.23°N, 97.52°WCorsicana Marl — 30.20°N, 97.58°WCorsicana Marl — 30.15°N, 97.67°WCorsicana Marl — 29.83°N, 97.84°WCorsicana Marl — 29.80°N, 97.89°WCorsicana Marl — 29.72°N, 97.90°WCorsicana Marl — 29.60°N, 98.03°WCorsicana Marl — 29.63°N, 98.54°WCorsicana Marl — 29.49°N, 98.19°WCorsicana Marl — 29.43°N, 98.43°WCorsicana Marl — 29.44°N, 98.56°WCorsicana Marl — 29.65°N, 98.38°WCorsicana Marl — 29.39°N, 98.71°WCorsicana Marl — 29.48°N, 98.81°WCorsicana Marl — 29.41°N, 98.90°WCorsicana Marl — 29.35°N, 98.88°WArgiles a Lopha gregarea — 49.30°N, 0.07°WProvidence — 31.91°N, 86.17°WProvidence — 31.87°N, 86.08°WProvidence — 31.92°N, 85.82°WProvidence — 31.89°N, 85.70°WProvidence — 31.95°N, 85.68°WProvidence — 31.92°N, 85.35°WProvidence — 31.84°N, 85.22°WProvidence — 31.78°N, 85.14°WProvidence — 31.75°N, 85.12°WProvidence — 31.80°N, 85.00°WProvidence — 31.96°N, 85.45°WProvidence — 31.89°N, 85.21°WGraham — 33.24°N, 98.12°WJagüel — 38.13°S, 68.41°WLopez de Bertodano — 64.25°S, 56.75°WLopez de Bertodano — 64.17°S, 57.75°WWaterways — 58.00°N, 112.72°WBangor Limestone — 34.52°N, 87.58°WBangor Limestone — 34.59°N, 87.63°WOkarahia Sandstone — 42.57°S, 173.52°EOkarahia Sandstone — 42.60°S, 173.42°EOkarahia Sandstone — 42.55°S, 173.50°EKahuitara Tuff — 44.33°S, 176.00°WKahuitara Tuff — 44.33°S, 176.25°EKahuitara Tuff — 44.24°S, 176.24°WEscondido — 29.59°N, 98.07°WEscondido — 29.27°N, 98.90°WEscondido — 29.39°N, 99.02°WEscondido — 29.27°N, 99.05°WEscondido — 29.06°N, 100.06°WEscondido — 28.87°N, 100.16°WEscondido — 28.72°N, 100.48°WEscondido — 28.53°N, 100.32°WEscondido — 28.25°N, 100.27°WCalcaire a oolithes ferrugineuses — 49.30°N, 0.07°WVaqueros — 33.54°N, 117.78°WVaqueros — 33.68°N, 117.76°WVaqueros — 33.55°N, 117.82°WVaqueros — 35.75°N, 121.00°WVaqueros — 34.04°N, 118.88°WVaqueros — 34.36°N, 118.94°WVaqueros — 34.37°N, 118.79°WVaqueros — 34.37°N, 119.33°WVaqueros — 34.58°N, 120.14°WVaqueros — 34.57°N, 120.17°WVaqueros — 35.77°N, 121.06°WVaqueros — 35.77°N, 120.93°WVaqueros — 36.18°N, 121.31°WBoat Cove — 29.28°S, 177.85°WBoat Cove — 29.22°S, 177.83°WBoat Cove — 29.23°S, 177.88°WChiwapa — 34.63°N, 88.94°WChiwapa — 34.63°N, 88.84°WChiwapa — 34.46°N, 88.90°WChiwapa — 34.38°N, 88.98°WChiwapa — 34.36°N, 88.93°WChiwapa — 34.21°N, 88.98°WChiwapa — 34.04°N, 88.93°WWoodbine — 32.99°N, 96.95°WWoodbine — 32.86°N, 97.06°WWoodbine — 33.71°N, 96.30°WAgrio — 38.73°S, 69.92°WAgrio — 38.05°S, 70.03°WAgrio — 37.27°S, 70.48°WAgrio — 39.35°S, 70.13°WAgrio — 38.37°S, 70.02°WAgrio — 37.67°S, 70.03°WAgrio — 37.62°S, 70.04°WAgrio — 37.65°S, 70.22°WAgrio — 39.44°S, 70.17°WDakota — 36.02°N, 111.05°WDakota — 35.99°N, 111.94°WRoca — 37.56°S, 69.85°WRoca — 37.54°S, 69.87°W

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The named rock units Serpulidae has been recovered from, largest first. Drawn where the rock is now, not where it formed. 463 further formations hold fewer occurrences each and are not listed. 659 occurrences have no formation on record, which is common for older literature.

Serpulidae and its relatives

Late Cretaceous

Where Serpulidae and its relatives were recorded in the Late Cretaceous.

Found in the same rock

2,094 taxa

The Paleobiology Database records at least 1,689 sites for Serpulidae, and this reads 240 of them. The number is how many of those sites it was catalogued from too. The 24 sharing the most are listed.

This is not a list of everything alive at the time. It is only what has come out of the same ground as this animal and been written down.

Entered from

619 references

Each of the 2,390 occurrences read was entered from one of these publications, ordered by how many each accounts for. This is not a search for papers mentioning the name. 607 further references are not listed. Entries link to doi.org where the Paleobiology Database holds an identifier, and to its own record where it does not. Relayed as the Paleobiology Database holds them, not checked against what they resolve to.

Media and terms

Media content1

Picture of Serpulidae

Credit
Nhobgood Nick Hobgood
Licence
CC BY-SA 3.0
Commercial use
the licence allows it

No 3D scan of Serpulidae was found in MorphoSource and Sketchfab.

Smithsonian Open Access was not reached for this taxon, so this list is what the others held rather than everything there is.

The description on this site

Licence
CC BY-SA 4.0

This is what the site found, which is not the same as what exists.

Keep going

What may have been alongside itSabellida through timeFormations of the Late CretaceousThe world it lived on

Occurrence data from the Paleobiology Database, CC BY 4.0. Rafinesque 1835