Planohybodus

Planohybodus is an extinct genus of hybodont, known from the Middle Jurassic-Early Cretaceous (Bathonian-Barremian) of Europe and the Indian subcontinent. Fossils have been found in marine as well as freshwater environments. The genus contains 3 confirmed species, two of which were originally assigned to the genus Hybodus. Possible records have been reported from the Late Jurassic of Mexico, the Early Cretaceous of Brazil and the Late Cretaceous (Santonian) of North America, but these are unconfirmed. Planohybodus peterboroughensis is suggested to have reached lengths of 2–3 metres (6.6–9.8 ft). A specimen of the ammonite genus Orthaspidoceras from the Late Jurassic of France has been found with an embedded tooth of Planohybodus, suggesting that while the teeth of Planohybodus were adapted to tearing soft bodied prey, it would attack hard-shelled prey at least on occasion.

Planohybodus

Léa Leuzinger, Gilles Cuny, Evgeny Popov, Jean-Paul Billon-Bruyat · CC BY 4.0 · via Wikipedia/Commons. May be a photograph of a specimen, or an artist’s reconstruction — an interpretation of a skeleton, since colour and soft tissue are almost never preserved.

On record

Recorded, not inferred
Sits inside
HybodontinaePBDB
Diet
carnivorePBDB, for Chondrichthyes
Life habit
nektonicPBDB, for Chondrichthyes
Motility
actively mobilePBDB, for Chondrichthyes

Time the record covers

At least 79 million years on record.

The record covers at least 165.3 Mya to 85.7 Mya. No occurrence read is dated outside 201.4 Mya to 66 Mya.

Late Triassic — about 0 of 28 occurrencesEarly Jurassic — about 1 of 28 occurrencesEarly JurassicMiddle Jurassic — about 1 of 28 occurrencesMiddle JurassicLate Jurassic — about 1 of 28 occurrencesLate JurassicEarly Cretaceous — about 23 of 28 occurrencesEarly CretaceousLate Cretaceous — about 1 of 28 occurrencesLate CretaceousPaleocene — about 0 of 28 occurrences204–199 Mya — about 0.0 occurrences199–195 Mya — about 0.1 occurrences195–190 Mya — about 0.1 occurrences190–185 Mya — about 0.1 occurrences185–181 Mya — about 0.1 occurrences181–176 Mya — about 0.1 occurrences176–171 Mya — about 0.1 occurrences171–167 Mya — about 0.7 occurrences167–162 Mya — about 0.5 occurrences162–157 Mya — about 0.1 occurrences157–152 Mya — about 0.1 occurrences152–148 Mya — about 0.4 occurrences148–143 Mya — about 0.8 occurrences143–138 Mya — about 5 occurrences138–134 Mya — about 8 occurrences134–129 Mya — about 1 occurrence129–124 Mya — about 2 occurrences124–120 Mya — about 4 occurrences120–115 Mya — about 2 occurrences115–110 Mya — about 1 occurrence110–106 Mya — about 0.2 occurrences106–101 Mya — about 0.2 occurrences101–96 Mya — about 0.1 occurrences96–91 Mya — about 0.1 occurrences91–87 Mya — about 0.1 occurrences87–82 Mya — about 1 occurrence82–77 Mya — about 0.1 occurrences77–73 Mya — about 0.1 occurrences73–68 Mya — about 0.1 occurrences68–63 Mya — about 0.0 occurrences165.3 Mya85.7 Mya204 Mya63 Mya

28 occurrences of Planohybodus on record, most of them in the Early Cretaceous. Bar height is expected occurrences, not a count: each fossil is spread across the span it is dated to, so a tall narrow bar means tight dating and a low wide one means loose.

When

28 occurrences

These are dates about fossils, not the animal: the record can only begin after it arose and end before it died out, so either end may reach further. Shares are expected occurrences: a fossil dated to a span is counted partly in each period it straddles. More on what this infers.

Found in

13 formations

Durlston — 50.60°N, 1.95°WDurlston — 50.62°N, 2.25°WWadhurst Clay — 50.89°N, 0.69°EWadhurst Clay — 50.86°N, 0.44°EJydegaard — 55.08°N, 14.75°ELulworth — 50.60°N, 1.95°WMissão Velha — 7.26°S, 39.14°WVega de Pas — 43.13°N, 3.78°WPoint Lookout — 35.20°N, 107.05°WJaisalmer — 27.06°N, 71.01°EArundel Clay — 39.07°N, 76.87°WEl Castellar — 40.44°N, 0.73°WAtherfield Clay — 51.23°N, 0.25°WWoburn Sands — 52.03°N, 0.40°WSandgate — 51.24°N, 0.15°W

Loading coastlines…

The named rock units Planohybodus has been recovered from, largest first. Drawn where the rock is now, not where it formed. 6 occurrences have no formation on record, which is common for older literature.

Planohybodus and its relatives

Early Cretaceous

Where Planohybodus and its relatives were recorded in the Early Cretaceous.

Found in the same rock

237 taxa

The Paleobiology Database records 28 sites for Planohybodus, and this reads all of them. The number is how many of those sites it was catalogued from too. The 24 sharing the most are listed.

This is not a list of everything alive at the time. It is only what has come out of the same ground as this animal and been written down.

Entered from

14 references

Each of the 28 occurrences read was entered from one of these publications, ordered by how many each accounts for. This is not a search for papers mentioning the name. 2 further references are not listed. Entries link to doi.org where the Paleobiology Database holds an identifier, and to its own record where it does not. Relayed as the Paleobiology Database holds them, not checked against what they resolve to.

Media and terms

Media content1

Picture of Planohybodus

Credit
Léa Leuzinger, Gilles Cuny, Evgeny Popov, Jean-Paul Billon-Bruyat
Licence
CC BY 4.0
Commercial use
the licence allows it

No 3D scan of Planohybodus was found in MorphoSource and Sketchfab.

Smithsonian Open Access was not reached for this taxon, so this list is what the others held rather than everything there is.

The description on this site

Licence
CC BY-SA 4.0

This is what the site found, which is not the same as what exists.

Keep going

What may have been alongside itHybodontinae through timeFormations of the Early CretaceousThe world it lived on

Occurrence data from the Paleobiology Database, CC BY 4.0. Rees and Underwood 2008