Hybodus

Hybodus is an extinct genus of hybodont. Numerous species have been assigned to Hybodus spanning a large period of time, and it is currently considered a wastebasket taxon that is 'broadly polyphyletic' and requires reexamination. It has been suggested that Hybodus sensu stricto only consists of two species, the type species H. reticulatus and H. hauffianus, both known from the Early Jurassic of Europe, with H. obtusus from the Middle-Late Jurassic of Europe possibly also being a true species of Hybodus.

Hybodus

Gasmasque · CC BY-SA 4.0 · via Wikipedia/Commons. May be a photograph of a specimen, or an artist’s reconstruction — an interpretation of a skeleton, since colour and soft tissue are almost never preserved.

On record

Recorded, not inferred
Sits inside
HybodontinaePBDB
Diet
carnivorePBDB, for Chondrichthyes
Life habit
nektonicPBDB, for Chondrichthyes
Motility
actively mobilePBDB, for Chondrichthyes

Time the record covers

At least 221 million years on record.

The record covers at least 293.52 Mya to 72.2 Mya. No occurrence read is dated outside 303.7 Mya to 66 Mya.

Carboniferous — about 0 of 381 occurrencesPermian — about 10 of 381 occurrencesPermianEarly Triassic — about 23 of 381 occurrencesMiddle Triassic — about 54 of 381 occurrencesLate Triassic — about 47 of 381 occurrencesLate TriassicEarly Jurassic — about 60 of 381 occurrencesEarly JurassicMiddle Jurassic — about 17 of 381 occurrencesLate Jurassic — about 20 of 381 occurrencesEarly Cretaceous — about 45 of 381 occurrencesEarly CretaceousLate Cretaceous — about 105 of 381 occurrencesLate CretaceousPaleocene — about 0 of 381 occurrences308–300 Mya — about 0.3 occurrences300–292 Mya — about 2 occurrences292–284 Mya — about 4 occurrences284–275 Mya — about 2 occurrences275–267 Mya — about 0.3 occurrences267–259 Mya — about 1 occurrence259–251 Mya — about 6 occurrences251–243 Mya — about 34 occurrences243–234 Mya — about 40 occurrences234–226 Mya — about 4 occurrences226–218 Mya — about 2 occurrences218–210 Mya — about 1 occurrence210–201 Mya — about 37 occurrences201–193 Mya — about 22 occurrences193–185 Mya — about 10 occurrences185–177 Mya — about 27 occurrences177–168 Mya — about 4 occurrences168–160 Mya — about 15 occurrences160–152 Mya — about 7 occurrences152–144 Mya — about 11 occurrences144–135 Mya — about 10 occurrences135–127 Mya — about 4 occurrences127–119 Mya — about 10 occurrences119–111 Mya — about 10 occurrences111–102 Mya — about 10 occurrences102–94 Mya — about 36 occurrences94–86 Mya — about 13 occurrences86–78 Mya — about 30 occurrences78–69 Mya — about 25 occurrences69–61 Mya — about 3 occurrences293.52 Mya72.2 Mya308 Mya61 Mya

381 occurrences of Hybodus on record, most of them in the Late Cretaceous. Bar height is expected occurrences, not a count: each fossil is spread across the span it is dated to, so a tall narrow bar means tight dating and a low wide one means loose.

When

381 occurrences

These are dates about fossils, not the animal: the record can only begin after it arose and end before it died out, so either end may reach further. Shares are expected occurrences: a fossil dated to a span is counted partly in each period it straddles. More on what this infers.

Found in

145 formations

Cañete — 39.61°N, 0.77°WCañete — 39.87°N, 1.48°WCañete — 39.91°N, 1.37°WBahariya — 28.37°N, 28.90°EBahariya — 28.45°N, 29.04°EWestbury — 51.32°N, 2.97°WWestbury — 51.93°N, 2.23°WWestbury — 51.60°N, 2.63°WWestbury — 50.72°N, 3.05°WWestbury — 51.55°N, 2.40°WAguja — 29.32°N, 103.52°WAguja — 29.10°N, 103.17°WAguja — 29.30°N, 103.57°WAguja — 29.46°N, 103.56°WMasuk — 38.08°N, 111.00°WMasuk — 38.05°N, 110.93°WJudith River — 46.47°N, 109.30°WJudith River — 46.10°N, 109.10°WJudith River — 48.01°N, 108.91°WJudith River — 46.42°N, 109.27°WExter — 48.56°N, 9.07°EExter — 48.55°N, 9.07°EExter — 52.56°N, 9.04°EMarshalltown — 40.30°N, 74.30°WMarshalltown — 39.55°N, 75.65°WMesaverde — 42.85°N, 107.28°WMesaverde — 44.08°N, 107.73°WMesaverde — 44.11°N, 107.76°WZhitkov — 42.93°N, 132.43°EVardebukta — 77.03°N, 16.21°ELuolou — 23.45°N, 107.00°EForemost — 49.13°N, 110.87°WForemost — 49.60°N, 111.00°WWadhurst Clay — 50.94°N, 0.61°EWadhurst Clay — 50.90°N, 0.51°EWadhurst Clay — 50.89°N, 0.69°EEutaw — 32.38°N, 84.93°WEutaw — 32.35°N, 86.35°WEutaw — 33.52°N, 88.40°WLueders — 33.75°N, 99.15°WLueders — 33.75°N, 99.12°WSao Khua — 11.56°N, 102.59°ESao Khua — 17.10°N, 102.49°ESao Khua — 16.90°N, 102.65°ESticky Keep — 78.34°N, 16.30°EWreford Limestone — 37.31°N, 96.71°WWreford Limestone — 39.06°N, 96.53°WTaho Limestone — 33.37°N, 132.67°EBesano — 45.89°N, 8.90°EJilh — 26.39°N, 44.24°EJilh — 24.25°N, 45.63°EVikinghøgda — 78.31°N, 16.60°EBissekty — 40.70°N, 72.60°EBissekty — 42.12°N, 62.66°E

Loading coastlines…

The named rock units Hybodus has been recovered from, largest first. Drawn where the rock is now, not where it formed. 121 further formations hold fewer occurrences each and are not listed. 122 occurrences have no formation on record, which is common for older literature.

Hybodus and its relatives

Late Cretaceous

Where Hybodus and its relatives were recorded in the Late Cretaceous.

Found in the same rock

2,078 taxa

The Paleobiology Database records 328 sites for Hybodus, and this reads 240 of them. The number is how many of those sites it was catalogued from too. The 24 sharing the most are listed.

This is not a list of everything alive at the time. It is only what has come out of the same ground as this animal and been written down.

Entered from

212 references

Each of the 381 occurrences read was entered from one of these publications, ordered by how many each accounts for. This is not a search for papers mentioning the name. 200 further references are not listed. Entries link to doi.org where the Paleobiology Database holds an identifier, and to its own record where it does not. Relayed as the Paleobiology Database holds them, not checked against what they resolve to.

Media and terms

Media content1

Picture of Hybodus

Credit
Gasmasque
Licence
CC BY-SA 4.0
Commercial use
the licence allows it

No 3D scan was found. Smithsonian Open Access, MorphoSource and Sketchfab were all searched.

The description on this site

Licence
CC BY-SA 4.0

This is what the site found, which is not the same as what exists.

Keep going

What may have been alongside itHybodontinae through timeFormations of the Late CretaceousThe world it lived on

Occurrence data from the Paleobiology Database, CC BY 4.0. Agassiz 1834