Hyolithida

Hyolithida is an extinct order of lophotrochozoans, one of the two of hyoliths, the other being the Orthothecida. Most information on the hyolithids comes from studies on the Hyolitha. Both orders had an operculum that was not hinged to the conch. However, the Hyolithida are distinct from the Orthothecida in having additional paired, curved, tusk-like appendages. The Hyolithida were probably bottom feeders living in shallow water, and had tentacles.

Hyolithida

Mark A. Wilson (Department of Geology, The College of Wooster) [1] · Public Domain · via Wikipedia/Commons. May be a photograph of a specimen, or an artist’s reconstruction — an interpretation of a skeleton, since colour and soft tissue are almost never preserved.

On record

Recorded, not inferred
Sits inside
HyolithaPBDB
Diet
suspension feederPBDB
Life habit
epifaunalPBDB
Motility
facultatively mobilePBDB
Vision
blindPBDB, for Hyolitha
Environment
marinePBDB, for Hyolitha

Time the record covers

At least 278 million years on record.

The record covers at least 538.8 Mya to 259.857 Mya. No occurrence read is dated outside 635 Mya to 254.14 Mya.

Cambrian — about 605 of 887 occurrencesCambrianOrdovician — about 162 of 887 occurrencesOrdovicianSilurian — about 41 of 887 occurrencesDevonian — about 59 of 887 occurrencesDevonianCarboniferous — about 11 of 887 occurrencesCarboniferousPermian — about 8 of 887 occurrencesPermianEarly Triassic — about 0 of 887 occurrencesMiddle Triassic — about 0 of 887 occurrences643–629 Mya — about 0.1 occurrences629–616 Mya — about 0.1 occurrences616–603 Mya — about 0.1 occurrences603–590 Mya — about 0.1 occurrences590–577 Mya — about 0.1 occurrences577–563 Mya — about 0.1 occurrences563–550 Mya — about 0.1 occurrences550–537 Mya — about 0.6 occurrences537–524 Mya — about 14 occurrences524–511 Mya — about 301 occurrences511–497 Mya — about 246 occurrences497–484 Mya — about 47 occurrences484–471 Mya — about 19 occurrences471–458 Mya — about 55 occurrences458–445 Mya — about 79 occurrences445–431 Mya — about 17 occurrences431–418 Mya — about 31 occurrences418–405 Mya — about 14 occurrences405–392 Mya — about 21 occurrences392–379 Mya — about 22 occurrences379–365 Mya — about 0.8 occurrences365–352 Mya — about 1 occurrence352–339 Mya — about 3 occurrences339–326 Mya — about 0.8 occurrences326–313 Mya — about 4 occurrences313–299 Mya — about 2 occurrences299–286 Mya — about 1 occurrence273–260 Mya — about 4 occurrences260–247 Mya — about 3 occurrences538.8 Mya259.857 Mya643 Mya247 Mya

887 occurrences of Hyolithida on record, most of them in the Cambrian. Bar height is expected occurrences, not a count: each fossil is spread across the span it is dated to, so a tall narrow bar means tight dating and a low wide one means loose.

When

887 occurrences

These are dates about fossils, not the animal: the record can only begin after it arose and end before it died out, so either end may reach further. Shares are expected occurrences: a fossil dated to a span is counted partly in each period it straddles. More on what this infers.

Found in

257 formations

Parara — 34.70°S, 137.71°EParara — 34.06°S, 138.02°EParara — 34.73°S, 137.63°EParara — 34.80°S, 137.69°EParara Limestone — 34.92°S, 137.80°ETannenknock — 50.20°N, 11.56°ETannenknock — 50.19°N, 11.55°EBastion — 74.10°N, 23.00°WBastion — 73.52°N, 24.68°WBastion — 74.35°N, 22.77°WBurgess Shale — 51.44°N, 116.47°WBurgess Shale — 51.03°N, 115.83°WGowers — 19.50°S, 138.93°EGowers — 19.57°S, 138.92°ELower Comley — 52.56°N, 2.76°WPestrotsvet — 60.70°N, 124.72°EPestrotsvet — 60.82°N, 125.00°EPestrotsvet — 60.92°N, 125.77°EPestrotsvet — 66.40°N, 112.28°EPestrotsvet — 71.83°N, 107.00°EOverton — 52.48°N, 2.63°WWirrealpa Limestone — 31.27°S, 138.93°EGydo — 33.30°S, 21.83°EGydo — 33.52°S, 24.74°EGydo — 33.33°S, 19.37°EGydo — 32.18°S, 18.90°EGydo — 33.31°S, 22.43°EBeetle Creek — 21.89°S, 139.98°EBeetle Creek — 21.83°S, 139.98°EBeetle Creek — 20.83°S, 139.06°EBrowns Pond — 42.22°N, 73.73°WBrowns Pond — 43.60°N, 73.32°WKinzers — 40.04°N, 76.31°WKinzers — 40.00°N, 76.73°WKinzers — 40.44°N, 75.12°WKinzers — 40.05°N, 76.36°WKinzers — 40.09°N, 76.35°WKraluv Dvur — 50.00°N, 14.00°EKraluv Dvur — 50.04°N, 14.41°EKraluv Dvur — 49.87°N, 14.00°EKraluv Dvur — 50.06°N, 14.30°EAjax Limestone — 30.59°S, 138.33°ESarka — 50.00°N, 14.00°EJbel Wawrmast — 32.00°N, 6.00°WJince — 49.78°N, 13.97°EJince — 49.00°N, 14.00°EDobrotiva — 50.00°N, 14.00°EBrigus — 45.77°N, 60.29°WBrigus — 48.16°N, 53.70°WBrigus — 47.85°N, 53.94°WShabakty — 43.08°N, 80.42°EShabakty — 43.47°N, 69.87°EShabakty — 43.60°N, 69.33°EShabakty — 43.60°N, 69.45°EUpper Fezouata — 27.88°N, 11.42°WUpper Fezouata — 27.82°N, 11.40°WUpper Fezouata — 31.38°N, 4.17°WUpper Fezouata — 30.42°N, 5.82°WUpper Fezouata — 30.55°N, 5.68°WUpper Fezouata — 30.55°N, 5.90°WDuNoir — 43.28°N, 109.83°W

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The named rock units Hyolithida has been recovered from, largest first. Drawn where the rock is now, not where it formed. 233 further formations hold fewer occurrences each and are not listed. 28 occurrences have no formation on record, which is common for older literature.

Hyolithida and its relatives

Cambrian

Where Hyolithida and its relatives were recorded in the Cambrian.

Found in the same rock

2,719 taxa

The Paleobiology Database records 589 sites for Hyolithida, and this reads 240 of them. The number is how many of those sites it was catalogued from too. The 24 sharing the most are listed.

This is not a list of everything alive at the time. It is only what has come out of the same ground as this animal and been written down.

Entered from

265 references

Each of the 887 occurrences read was entered from one of these publications, ordered by how many each accounts for. This is not a search for papers mentioning the name. 253 further references are not listed. Entries link to doi.org where the Paleobiology Database holds an identifier, and to its own record where it does not. Relayed as the Paleobiology Database holds them, not checked against what they resolve to.

Media and terms

Media content1

Picture of Hyolithida

Credit
Mark A. Wilson (Department of Geology, The College of Wooster) [1]
Licence
Public Domain
Commercial use
the licence allows it

No 3D scan of Hyolithida was found in Sketchfab.

Smithsonian Open Access and MorphoSource were not reached for this taxon, so this list is what the others held rather than everything there is.

The description on this site

Licence
CC BY-SA 4.0

This is what the site found, which is not the same as what exists.

Keep going

What may have been alongside itHyolitha through timeFormations of the CambrianThe world it lived on

Occurrence data from the Paleobiology Database, CC BY 4.0. Mathew 1962