Craniops

Craniops is an extinct genus of brachiopods in the family Craniopsidae with species known from the Ordovician to the Devonian periods of the Palaeozoic era.

Craniops

via iDigBio · CC0 · via iDigBio. May be a photograph of a specimen, or an artist’s reconstruction — an interpretation of a skeleton, since colour and soft tissue are almost never preserved.

On record

Recorded, not inferred
Sits inside
CraniopsidaePBDB
Diet
suspension feederPBDB, for Craniopsida
Life habit
epifaunalPBDB, for Craniopsida
Motility
stationaryPBDB, for Craniopsida
Vision
blindPBDB, for Craniata
Environment
marinePBDB, for Craniata

Time the record covers

At least 99 million years on record.

The record covers at least 451 Mya to 351.9 Mya. No occurrence read is dated outside 458.2 Mya to 342.9 Mya.

Ordovician — about 74 of 292 occurrencesOrdovicianSilurian — about 148 of 292 occurrencesSilurianDevonian — about 69 of 292 occurrencesDevonianCarboniferous — about 1 of 292 occurrencesCarboniferous461–457 Mya — about 6 occurrences457–453 Mya — about 28 occurrences453–449 Mya — about 34 occurrences449–445 Mya — about 5 occurrences445–441 Mya — about 5 occurrences441–437 Mya — about 11 occurrences437–433 Mya — about 15 occurrences433–429 Mya — about 38 occurrences429–425 Mya — about 40 occurrences425–421 Mya — about 38 occurrences421–417 Mya — about 4 occurrences417–413 Mya — about 2 occurrences413–409 Mya — about 1 occurrence409–405 Mya — about 3 occurrences405–401 Mya — about 3 occurrences401–397 Mya — about 3 occurrences397–393 Mya — about 4 occurrences393–389 Mya — about 7 occurrences389–385 Mya — about 28 occurrences385–381 Mya — about 18 occurrences381–377 Mya — about 0.4 occurrences377–373 Mya — about 0.4 occurrences373–369 Mya — about 0.0 occurrences353–349 Mya — about 0.4 occurrences349–345 Mya — about 0.4 occurrences345–341 Mya — about 0.2 occurrences451 Mya351.9 Mya461 Mya341 Mya

292 occurrences of Craniops on record, most of them in the Silurian. Bar height is expected occurrences, not a count: each fossil is spread across the span it is dated to, so a tall narrow bar means tight dating and a low wide one means loose.

When

292 occurrences

These are dates about fossils, not the animal: the record can only begin after it arose and end before it died out, so either end may reach further. Shares are expected occurrences: a fossil dated to a span is counted partly in each period it straddles. More on what this infers.

Found in

114 formations

Martinsburg — 36.95°N, 81.08°WMartinsburg — 38.51°N, 78.63°WMartinsburg — 40.48°N, 76.53°WMartinsburg — 36.90°N, 81.53°WMartinsburg — 37.35°N, 80.81°WMartinsburg — 37.38°N, 80.86°WOverton — 52.48°N, 2.63°WRochester Shale — 43.15°N, 77.62°WRochester Shale — 43.10°N, 79.06°WRochester Shale — 43.20°N, 77.53°WRochester Shale — 43.17°N, 78.68°WRochester Shale — 43.15°N, 77.72°WRochester Shale — 43.22°N, 76.82°WRochester Shale — 39.65°N, 78.76°WMoscow — 42.88°N, 78.42°WMoscow — 42.77°N, 77.82°WMoscow — 42.71°N, 78.94°WMoscow — 42.82°N, 78.68°WMoscow — 42.81°N, 77.90°WMoscow — 42.68°N, 76.74°WMoscow — 42.81°N, 75.91°WMoscow — 42.55°N, 74.82°WMoscow — 42.61°N, 74.88°WSkaneateles — 42.87°N, 77.88°WSkaneateles — 42.92°N, 75.93°WSkaneateles — 42.90°N, 76.22°WSkaneateles — 42.89°N, 76.13°WSkaneateles — 42.93°N, 76.99°WSkaneateles — 42.87°N, 75.56°WSilica — 41.12°N, 84.85°WVerulam — 44.50°N, 78.58°WVerulam — 44.50°N, 78.67°WVerulam — 44.50°N, 78.97°WVerulam — 44.02°N, 77.15°WRochester — 43.16°N, 79.05°WRochester — 43.18°N, 78.72°WRochester — 43.23°N, 76.98°WRochester — 43.19°N, 76.91°WRochester — 43.22°N, 76.81°WKope — 39.00°N, 84.00°WKope — 39.01°N, 84.45°WMahantango — 40.50°N, 77.25°WMahantango — 40.42°N, 77.17°WMahantango — 40.42°N, 77.00°WCanon de Caballeros — 23.75°N, 99.26°WLudlowville — 42.76°N, 78.65°WLudlowville — 42.78°N, 78.79°WWilliamson Shale — 43.22°N, 77.19°WWilliamson Shale — 43.00°N, 76.00°WWilliamson Shale — 43.00°N, 75.00°WWilliamson Shale — 43.00°N, 77.00°WTaemas — 34.95°S, 148.82°ETaemas — 34.94°S, 148.82°EElton Beds — 52.37°N, 2.73°WElton Beds — 52.17°N, 3.42°WElton Beds — 52.12°N, 3.55°WRiga — 54.65°N, 23.03°ERiga — 55.08°N, 25.42°EPonta Grossa — 24.25°S, 49.70°WPonta Grossa — 25.08°S, 50.15°WPonta Grossa — 24.50°S, 50.40°WVaureal — 49.77°N, 63.64°WVaureal — 49.73°N, 63.83°WVaureal — 49.82°N, 64.35°WLorraine — 46.22°N, 72.62°WLorraine — 45.56°N, 73.18°WLorraine — 45.38°N, 75.60°WFairview — 39.00°N, 84.00°WFairview — 39.03°N, 84.51°WOnondaga — 40.48°N, 78.27°WOnondaga — 40.48°N, 76.53°WOnondaga — 40.60°N, 77.57°WHemse Beds — 57.28°N, 18.32°EHemse Beds — 57.37°N, 18.69°EHemse Beds — 57.23°N, 18.37°EDunleith — 42.00°N, 90.50°WPaprieniai — 55.20°N, 23.87°E

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The named rock units Craniops has been recovered from, largest first. Drawn where the rock is now, not where it formed. 90 further formations hold fewer occurrences each and are not listed. 17 occurrences have no formation on record, which is common for older literature.

Craniops and its relatives

Silurian

Where Craniops and its relatives were recorded in the Silurian.

Found in the same rock

1,816 taxa

The Paleobiology Database records 283 sites for Craniops, and this reads 240 of them. The number is how many of those sites it was catalogued from too. The 24 sharing the most are listed.

This is not a list of everything alive at the time. It is only what has come out of the same ground as this animal and been written down.

Entered from

83 references

Each of the 292 occurrences read was entered from one of these publications, ordered by how many each accounts for. This is not a search for papers mentioning the name. 71 further references are not listed. Entries link to doi.org where the Paleobiology Database holds an identifier, and to its own record where it does not. Relayed as the Paleobiology Database holds them, not checked against what they resolve to.

Media and terms

Media content1

Picture of Craniops

Source
iDigBio
Credit
via iDigBio
Licence
CC0
Commercial use
the licence allows it

No 3D scan of Craniops was found in MorphoSource and Sketchfab.

Smithsonian Open Access was not reached for this taxon, so this list is what the others held rather than everything there is.

The description on this site

Licence
CC BY-SA 4.0

This is what the site found, which is not the same as what exists.

Keep going

What may have been alongside itCraniopsidae through timeFormations of the SilurianThe world it lived on

Occurrence data from the Paleobiology Database, CC BY 4.0. Hall 1859