Terebratulida

Terebratulids are one of only three living orders of articulate brachiopods, the others being the Rhynchonellida and the Thecideida. Craniida and Lingulida include living brachiopods, but are inarticulates. The name, Terebratula, may be derived from the Latin "terebra", meaning "hole-borer". The perceived resemblance of terebratulid shells to ancient Roman oil lamps gave the brachiopods their common name "lamp shell".

Terebratulida

wilson44691 · CC0 · via Wikipedia/Commons. May be a photograph of a specimen, or an artist’s reconstruction — an interpretation of a skeleton, since colour and soft tissue are almost never preserved.

On record

Recorded, not inferred
Sits inside
RhynchonellataPBDB
Diet
suspension feederPBDB
Life habit
low-level epifaunalPBDB
Motility
stationaryPBDB
Vision
blindPBDB, for Rhynchonellata
Environment
marinePBDB, for Lophophorata

Time the record covers

At least 419 million years on record.

The record covers at least 419.62 Mya to 129 ka. No occurrence read is dated outside 426.7 Mya to 0 Mya.

Silurian — about 2 of 12000 occurrencesDevonian — about 850 of 12000 occurrencesDevonianCarboniferous — about 499 of 12000 occurrencesCarboniferousPermian — about 3146 of 12000 occurrencesPermianEarly Triassic — about 111 of 12000 occurrencesMiddle Triassic — about 316 of 12000 occurrencesLate Triassic — about 701 of 12000 occurrencesEarly Jurassic — about 1960 of 12000 occurrencesMiddle Jurassic — about 1523 of 12000 occurrencesLate Jurassic — about 757 of 12000 occurrencesEarly Cretaceous — about 786 of 12000 occurrencesEarly CretaceousLate Cretaceous — about 400 of 12000 occurrencesPaleocene — about 203 of 12000 occurrencesEocene — about 307 of 12000 occurrencesOligocene — about 76 of 12000 occurrencesMiocene — about 270 of 12000 occurrencesPliocene — about 47 of 12000 occurrencesPleistocene — about 48 of 12000 occurrences435–421 Mya — about 1 occurrence421–406 Mya — about 133 occurrences406–392 Mya — about 175 occurrences392–377 Mya — about 469 occurrences377–363 Mya — about 64 occurrences363–348 Mya — about 127 occurrences348–334 Mya — about 184 occurrences334–319 Mya — about 141 occurrences319–305 Mya — about 26 occurrences305–290 Mya — about 254 occurrences290–276 Mya — about 443 occurrences276–261 Mya — about 1155 occurrences261–247 Mya — about 1441 occurrences247–232 Mya — about 412 occurrences232–218 Mya — about 178 occurrences218–203 Mya — about 312 occurrences203–189 Mya — about 1061 occurrences189–174 Mya — about 1033 occurrences174–160 Mya — about 1576 occurrences160–145 Mya — about 614 occurrences145–131 Mya — about 433 occurrences131–116 Mya — about 249 occurrences116–102 Mya — about 159 occurrences102–87 Mya — about 126 occurrences87–73 Mya — about 154 occurrences73–58 Mya — about 326 occurrences58–44 Mya — about 80 occurrences44–29 Mya — about 243 occurrences29–15 Mya — about 213 occurrences15–0 Mya — about 217 occurrences419.62 Mya129 ka435 Mya0 Mya

12,000+ occurrences of Terebratulida on record. The Paleobiology Database records this as a living group. Bar height is expected occurrences, not a count: each fossil is spread across the span it is dated to, so a tall narrow bar means tight dating and a low wide one means loose.

When

12,000 occurrences read

These are dates about fossils, not the animal: the record can only begin after it arose and end before it died out, so either end may reach further. Shares are expected occurrences: a fossil dated to a span is counted partly in each period it straddles. The read hit its cap, so every figure above is a floor and the shares are of the occurrences read. More on what this infers.

Found in

at least 1010 formations

Wargal — 32.51°N, 71.93°EWargal — 32.50°N, 71.80°EWargal — 32.74°N, 71.74°EWargal — 32.61°N, 71.76°EWargal — 32.55°N, 72.40°EWargal — 32.65°N, 72.58°EWargal — 32.41°N, 72.10°EWargal — 32.40°N, 72.25°EWargal — 32.50°N, 72.20°EWargal — 32.74°N, 71.64°EWargal — 32.97°N, 71.56°EWargal — 32.24°N, 71.15°EWargal — 33.05°N, 71.46°EWargal — 32.40°N, 72.15°EWargal — 32.57°N, 72.41°EWargal — 32.52°N, 72.30°EWargal — 32.47°N, 72.12°EWargal — 32.50°N, 72.03°EWargal — 32.72°N, 71.75°EWargal — 32.88°N, 71.57°EWargal — 32.26°N, 71.10°EWargal — 32.23°N, 71.05°EDhruma — 24.23°N, 46.58°EDhruma — 24.89°N, 46.58°EDhruma — 23.30°N, 46.33°EDhruma — 23.20°N, 46.33°EDhruma — 23.08°N, 46.33°EDhruma — 22.62°N, 46.00°EDhruma — 22.53°N, 46.17°EDhruma — 25.33°N, 45.50°EDhruma — 23.80°N, 46.17°EDhruma — 24.08°N, 45.50°EDhruma — 23.97°N, 46.17°EDhruma — 22.83°N, 46.83°EDhruma — 21.88°N, 45.67°EDhruma — 24.75°N, 46.00°EDhruma — 25.50°N, 45.00°EDhruma — 24.75°N, 46.08°EDhruma — 25.05°N, 45.67°EDhruma — 25.17°N, 45.50°EDhruma — 25.42°N, 45.00°EDhruma — 26.92°N, 44.00°EDhruma — 23.97°N, 46.00°EDhruma — 21.88°N, 45.83°EDhruma — 25.37°N, 45.50°EDhruma — 25.70°N, 45.67°EDhruma — 25.78°N, 45.25°EDhruma — 26.20°N, 44.83°EDhruma — 26.28°N, 44.83°EDhruma — 24.20°N, 46.32°EDhruma — 23.52°N, 46.27°EDhruma — 22.04°N, 45.96°EDhruma — 25.01°N, 45.90°EDhruma — 24.87°N, 46.02°EDhruma — 25.07°N, 45.74°EDhruma — 25.92°N, 45.98°EDhruma — 19.91°N, 45.28°EDhruma — 24.83°N, 45.78°EDhruma — 25.38°N, 45.35°EDhruma — 25.42°N, 45.35°EDhruma — 25.17°N, 45.71°EDhruma — 25.54°N, 45.19°EDhruma — 25.32°N, 45.76°EDhruma — 25.39°N, 45.63°EDhruma — 24.18°N, 46.18°EDhruma — 24.82°N, 46.97°EDhruma — 22.04°N, 45.90°EDhruma — 25.56°N, 45.18°EDhruma — 24.53°N, 46.10°EDhruma — 24.47°N, 46.23°EDhruma — 24.60°N, 46.12°EDhruma — 25.24°N, 45.57°EDhruma — 24.86°N, 46.12°EDhruma — 24.67°N, 46.05°EDhruma — 24.66°N, 46.05°EDhruma — 21.63°N, 45.64°EDhruma — 25.17°N, 45.38°EDhruma — 23.92°N, 46.03°EDhruma — 23.08°N, 46.17°EDhruma — 22.83°N, 46.17°EDhruma — 25.78°N, 45.17°EDhruma — 22.50°N, 46.00°EHierlatz — 47.19°N, 17.87°EBell Canyon — 31.92°N, 104.77°WBell Canyon — 31.97°N, 104.74°WBell Canyon — 31.97°N, 104.75°WBell Canyon — 31.77°N, 104.89°WBell Canyon — 31.80°N, 104.78°WBell Canyon — 31.95°N, 104.71°WBell Canyon — 31.26°N, 104.51°WWord — 30.40°N, 103.16°WWord — 30.34°N, 103.30°WWord — 30.38°N, 103.29°WWord — 30.41°N, 103.14°WWord — 30.23°N, 103.44°WTurmiel — 41.05°N, 2.03°WTurmiel — 40.43°N, 1.42°WTurmiel — 41.31°N, 0.81°WTurmiel — 40.67°N, 1.20°WRoad Canyon — 30.38°N, 103.16°WRoad Canyon — 30.39°N, 103.14°WRoad Canyon — 30.30°N, 103.34°WRoad Canyon — 30.35°N, 103.27°WRoad Canyon — 30.30°N, 103.40°WRoad Canyon — 30.22°N, 103.44°WChhidru — 32.20°N, 70.91°EChhidru — 32.24°N, 71.05°EChhidru — 32.50°N, 71.80°EChhidru — 32.40°N, 72.15°EChhidru — 32.53°N, 72.20°EChhidru — 32.47°N, 71.97°EChhidru — 32.48°N, 72.13°EChhidru — 32.40°N, 72.10°EChhidru — 32.45°N, 71.95°EChhidru — 32.60°N, 71.82°EChhidru — 32.72°N, 71.75°EChhidru — 32.88°N, 71.57°EChhidru — 32.97°N, 71.57°EKoprivnice — 49.58°N, 18.12°EWilson Bluff — 31.68°S, 129.00°EWilson Bluff — 32.07°S, 126.10°EWilson Bluff — 31.02°S, 126.08°EWilson Bluff — 32.04°S, 126.04°EWilson Bluff — 31.66°S, 128.49°EWilson Bluff — 31.72°S, 127.23°EWilson Bluff — 31.65°S, 127.02°EWilson Bluff — 32.27°S, 126.04°EWilson Bluff — 31.97°S, 125.92°EWilson Bluff — 31.65°S, 128.77°EWilson Bluff — 30.74°S, 126.39°EWilson Bluff — 33.40°S, 123.85°EWilson Bluff — 30.71°S, 125.93°ECathedral Mountain — 30.22°N, 103.43°WCathedral Mountain — 30.41°N, 103.11°WCathedral Mountain — 30.36°N, 103.19°WCathedral Mountain — 30.33°N, 103.24°WCathedral Mountain — 30.25°N, 103.37°WCathedral Mountain — 30.31°N, 103.29°WAmb — 32.51°N, 71.93°EAmb — 32.65°N, 72.50°EAmb — 32.45°N, 72.22°EAmb — 32.40°N, 72.17°EAmb — 32.45°N, 72.12°EAmb — 32.43°N, 72.10°EAmb — 32.55°N, 71.83°EAmb — 32.58°N, 71.78°EAmb — 32.62°N, 72.78°EAmb — 32.75°N, 71.71°EAmb — 32.72°N, 71.75°EAmb — 32.70°N, 71.68°EAmb — 32.57°N, 72.41°ETataouine — 33.00°N, 10.47°ETataouine — 32.00°N, 10.47°ETataouine — 32.90°N, 10.45°ETataouine — 32.33°N, 10.42°ETataouine — 32.57°N, 10.35°ETataouine — 32.73°N, 10.48°ETataouine — 32.62°N, 10.40°ETataouine — 32.15°N, 10.63°EChari — 23.50°N, 70.50°ETuwaiq Mountain — 26.36°N, 44.80°ETuwaiq Mountain — 27.42°N, 44.33°ETuwaiq Mountain — 24.85°N, 46.08°ETuwaiq Mountain — 24.73°N, 45.90°ETuwaiq Mountain — 24.92°N, 45.98°ETuwaiq Mountain — 25.08°N, 45.89°ETuwaiq Mountain — 24.83°N, 45.78°ETuwaiq Mountain — 25.00°N, 45.75°ETuwaiq Mountain — 25.38°N, 45.38°ETuwaiq Mountain — 25.04°N, 45.68°ETuwaiq Mountain — 26.28°N, 44.80°ETuwaiq Mountain — 21.78°N, 45.70°ETuwaiq Mountain — 25.04°N, 45.89°ETuwaiq Mountain — 24.75°N, 46.05°ETuwaiq Mountain — 23.08°N, 46.17°ETuwaiq Mountain — 25.78°N, 45.17°ETuwaiq Mountain — 22.50°N, 46.00°ETuwaiq Mountain — 20.30°N, 46.00°ETuwaiq Mountain — 19.50°N, 46.00°EKossen — 47.78°N, 13.80°EKossen — 47.66°N, 12.45°EKossen — 47.57°N, 11.77°EKossen — 47.75°N, 14.73°EKossen — 47.71°N, 13.20°EKossen — 47.55°N, 12.17°EKossen — 47.61°N, 12.57°EKossen — 47.57°N, 11.70°EKossen — 47.68°N, 13.35°EKossen — 47.78°N, 14.48°EKossen — 47.47°N, 11.65°EKossen — 47.78°N, 15.17°EKossen — 47.67°N, 12.70°EKoessen — 47.00°N, 13.00°EKoessen — 47.71°N, 13.20°EKoessen — 47.61°N, 12.57°EKoessen — 47.67°N, 12.70°EKoessen — 47.89°N, 15.98°EKoessen — 47.57°N, 11.77°EKoessen — 47.85°N, 16.02°EKoessen — 48.13°N, 16.24°EKoessen — 48.02°N, 16.17°EFelsõörs — 46.95°N, 17.68°EFelsõörs — 46.92°N, 17.82°EFelsõörs — 47.01°N, 17.93°EFelsõörs — 46.89°N, 17.63°EHierlatz Limestone — 47.00°N, 15.00°EChangxing — 30.92°N, 119.99°EChangxing — 29.49°N, 106.40°EChangxing — 28.10°N, 105.04°EChangxing — 29.64°N, 107.89°EChangxing — 25.72°N, 112.82°EChangxing — 25.75°N, 112.83°EChangxing — 26.61°N, 107.22°EChangxing — 25.05°N, 117.80°EChangxing — 25.70°N, 117.70°EChangxing — 30.30°N, 106.85°EChangxing — 28.91°N, 106.89°EKap Leslie — 70.48°N, 21.97°WGerster — 40.17°N, 114.83°WGerster — 40.50°N, 114.83°WGerster — 40.50°N, 114.67°WGerster — 40.08°N, 113.83°WGerster — 39.33°N, 113.67°WGerster — 39.50°N, 115.25°WGerster — 40.42°N, 114.83°WGerster — 40.25°N, 115.17°WHanifa — 23.90°N, 46.28°EHanifa — 23.50°N, 46.85°EHanifa — 23.08°N, 46.53°EHanifa — 22.75°N, 46.63°EHanifa — 22.60°N, 46.37°EHanifa — 22.40°N, 46.95°EHanifa — 22.08°N, 45.90°EHanifa — 24.52°N, 45.95°EHanifa — 24.95°N, 46.15°EHanifa — 25.17°N, 46.15°EHanifa — 25.63°N, 45.67°EHanifa — 26.03°N, 45.17°EHanifa — 26.33°N, 45.00°EHanifa — 24.43°N, 46.62°EHanifa — 24.27°N, 46.62°EHanifa — 24.97°N, 46.25°EHanifa — 24.27°N, 46.55°EHanifa — 22.37°N, 46.32°ECapitan — 32.00°N, 104.77°WCapitan — 32.12°N, 104.56°WCapitan — 31.92°N, 104.82°WCapitan — 31.88°N, 104.86°WCapitan — 32.02°N, 104.73°WCapitan — 32.17°N, 104.44°WCapitan — 32.15°N, 104.50°W

Loading coastlines…

The named rock units Terebratulida has been recovered from, largest first. Drawn where the rock is now, not where it formed. The read hit its cap, so each count is a floor. 986 further formations hold fewer occurrences each and are not listed. 3,675 occurrences have no formation on record, which is common for older literature.

Found in the same rock

1,488 taxa

The Paleobiology Database records at least 1,094 sites for Terebratulida, and this reads 240 of them. The number is how many of those sites it was catalogued from too. The 24 sharing the most are listed.

This is not a list of everything alive at the time. It is only what has come out of the same ground as this animal and been written down.

Entered from

at least 1,046 references

Each of the 12,000 occurrences read was entered from one of these publications, ordered by how many each accounts for. This is not a search for papers mentioning the name. That read hit its cap, so each count is a floor. 1,034 further references are not listed. Entries link to doi.org where the Paleobiology Database holds an identifier, and to its own record where it does not. Relayed as the Paleobiology Database holds them, not checked against what they resolve to.

Media and terms

Media content2

Picture of Terebratulida

Credit
wilson44691
Licence
CC0
Commercial use
the licence allows it

3D model

Source
Sketchfab
Licence
CC Attribution
Commercial use
cannot be read from the licence given — check the record

Smithsonian Open Access was not reached for this taxon, so this list is what the others held rather than everything there is.

The description on this site

Licence
CC BY-SA 4.0

This is what the site found, which is not the same as what exists.

Keep going

What may have been alongside itRhynchonellata through timeThe world it lived on

Occurrence data from the Paleobiology Database, CC BY 4.0. Waagen 1883