Spiriferinida

Spiriferinida is an extinct brachiopod order, known from the Devonian to the Jurassic.

Spiriferinida

Didier Descouens · CC BY-SA 4.0 · via Wikipedia/Commons. May be a photograph of a specimen, or an artist’s reconstruction — an interpretation of a skeleton, since colour and soft tissue are almost never preserved.

On record

Recorded, not inferred
Sits inside
RhynchonellataPBDB
Diet
suspension feederPBDB
Life habit
low-level epifaunalPBDB
Motility
stationaryPBDB
Vision
blindPBDB, for Rhynchonellata
Environment
marinePBDB, for Lophophorata

Time the record covers

At least 248 million years on record.

The record covers at least 432.9 Mya to 184.2 Mya. No occurrence read is dated outside 538.8 Mya to 161.5 Mya.

Cambrian — about 0 of 6784 occurrencesCambrianOrdovician — about 0 of 6784 occurrencesOrdovicianSilurian — about 11 of 6784 occurrencesDevonian — about 718 of 6784 occurrencesDevonianCarboniferous — about 947 of 6784 occurrencesCarboniferousPermian — about 2532 of 6784 occurrencesPermianEarly Triassic — about 30 of 6784 occurrencesMiddle Triassic — about 849 of 6784 occurrencesLate Triassic — about 842 of 6784 occurrencesLate TriassicEarly Jurassic — about 854 of 6784 occurrencesMiddle Jurassic — about 1 of 6784 occurrencesLate Jurassic — about 0 of 6784 occurrences546–533 Mya — about 0.0 occurrences533–520 Mya — about 0.0 occurrences520–507 Mya — about 0.0 occurrences507–494 Mya — about 0.0 occurrences494–481 Mya — about 0.0 occurrences481–468 Mya — about 0.0 occurrences468–455 Mya — about 0.0 occurrences455–442 Mya — about 0.2 occurrences442–429 Mya — about 3 occurrences429–416 Mya — about 78 occurrences416–402 Mya — about 88 occurrences402–389 Mya — about 69 occurrences389–376 Mya — about 356 occurrences376–363 Mya — about 83 occurrences363–350 Mya — about 237 occurrences350–337 Mya — about 215 occurrences337–324 Mya — about 238 occurrences324–311 Mya — about 116 occurrences311–298 Mya — about 213 occurrences298–285 Mya — about 421 occurrences285–272 Mya — about 489 occurrences272–259 Mya — about 1050 occurrences259–246 Mya — about 665 occurrences246–232 Mya — about 892 occurrences232–219 Mya — about 232 occurrences219–206 Mya — about 180 occurrences206–193 Mya — about 592 occurrences193–180 Mya — about 536 occurrences180–167 Mya — about 30 occurrences167–154 Mya — about 0.3 occurrences432.9 Mya184.2 Mya546 Mya154 Mya

6,784 occurrences of Spiriferinida on record, most of them in the Permian. Bar height is expected occurrences, not a count: each fossil is spread across the span it is dated to, so a tall narrow bar means tight dating and a low wide one means loose.

When

6,784 occurrences

These are dates about fossils, not the animal: the record can only begin after it arose and end before it died out, so either end may reach further. Shares are expected occurrences: a fossil dated to a span is counted partly in each period it straddles. More on what this infers.

Found in

857 formations

Bell Canyon — 31.83°N, 104.87°WBell Canyon — 31.92°N, 104.77°WBell Canyon — 31.97°N, 104.74°WBell Canyon — 31.94°N, 104.70°WBell Canyon — 31.97°N, 104.75°WBell Canyon — 31.80°N, 104.78°WBell Canyon — 31.26°N, 104.51°WQingyan — 26.33°N, 106.68°EQingyan — 26.25°N, 106.69°EQingyan — 26.64°N, 107.54°EQingyan — 26.35°N, 106.70°EWargal — 32.55°N, 71.78°EWargal — 32.45°N, 71.32°EWargal — 32.61°N, 71.76°EWargal — 32.74°N, 71.64°EWargal — 32.53°N, 72.20°EWargal — 32.55°N, 72.40°EWargal — 32.51°N, 71.93°EWargal — 32.65°N, 72.58°EWargal — 32.24°N, 71.15°EWargal — 32.40°N, 72.25°EWargal — 32.57°N, 72.41°EWargal — 32.52°N, 72.30°EWargal — 32.47°N, 72.12°EWargal — 32.47°N, 71.97°EWargal — 32.72°N, 71.75°EWargal — 32.70°N, 71.65°EWargal — 32.88°N, 71.57°EWargal — 33.00°N, 71.53°EWargal — 32.26°N, 71.10°EWargal — 32.23°N, 71.05°EWord — 30.40°N, 103.16°WWord — 30.40°N, 103.14°WWord — 30.34°N, 103.30°WWord — 30.38°N, 103.29°WWord — 30.23°N, 103.44°WGerster — 40.17°N, 114.83°WGerster — 40.42°N, 114.83°WGerster — 40.50°N, 114.83°WGerster — 40.50°N, 114.67°WGerster — 41.25°N, 114.33°WGerster — 40.08°N, 113.83°WGerster — 39.33°N, 113.67°WGerster — 39.50°N, 115.25°WGerster — 40.25°N, 115.17°WRoad Canyon — 30.24°N, 103.44°WRoad Canyon — 30.38°N, 103.16°WRoad Canyon — 30.39°N, 103.14°WRoad Canyon — 30.30°N, 103.34°WRoad Canyon — 30.35°N, 103.27°WRoad Canyon — 30.35°N, 103.24°WRoad Canyon — 30.30°N, 103.40°WBuffel — 25.37°S, 150.29°EBuffel — 25.26°S, 150.26°EDajialian — 37.49°N, 99.38°EDajialian — 37.46°N, 99.33°EFelsõörs — 46.95°N, 17.68°EFelsõörs — 46.92°N, 17.82°EFelsõörs — 47.01°N, 17.93°EFelsõörs — 46.89°N, 17.63°EHierlatz Limestone — 47.00°N, 15.00°ECathedral Mountain — 30.22°N, 103.43°WCathedral Mountain — 30.41°N, 103.11°WCathedral Mountain — 30.36°N, 103.19°WCathedral Mountain — 30.35°N, 103.25°WCathedral Mountain — 30.25°N, 103.37°WBangor Limestone — 34.59°N, 87.63°WBangor Limestone — 34.52°N, 87.58°WCallytharra — 25.27°S, 115.34°ECallytharra — 25.88°S, 115.50°ECallytharra — 26.06°S, 115.67°ECallytharra — 25.35°S, 114.67°ECallytharra — 25.43°S, 115.25°ECallytharra — 24.50°S, 115.30°ECallytharra — 25.88°S, 115.85°ECallytharra — 23.40°S, 115.00°ECallytharra — 24.05°S, 115.14°ECallytharra — 25.21°S, 115.52°ESenja — 29.45°N, 83.00°ESenja — 29.53°N, 82.88°ESenja — 29.60°N, 82.83°ESenja — 29.65°N, 82.88°ESenja — 28.92°N, 83.36°ESenja — 28.68°N, 84.08°ESenja — 28.71°N, 83.94°EBone Spring — 31.28°N, 104.85°WBone Spring — 31.35°N, 104.86°WBone Spring — 31.35°N, 104.86°WBone Spring — 31.90°N, 104.88°WBone Spring — 31.49°N, 104.96°WBone Spring — 31.48°N, 104.87°WHierlatz — 47.19°N, 17.87°EChangxing — 30.92°N, 119.99°EChangxing — 30.32°N, 106.93°EChangxing — 29.49°N, 106.40°EChangxing — 28.10°N, 105.04°EChangxing — 29.91°N, 106.52°EChangxing — 31.80°N, 105.86°EChangxing — 30.90°N, 109.97°EChangxing — 25.72°N, 112.82°EChangxing — 26.33°N, 105.93°EChangxing — 26.61°N, 107.22°EChangxing — 30.30°N, 106.85°EChangxing — 30.21°N, 106.76°EChangxing — 30.09°N, 106.64°ESaiwan — 20.98°N, 57.63°ESaiwan — 20.94°N, 57.63°ESaiwan — 19.95°N, 57.36°ESkinner Ranch — 30.36°N, 103.21°WSkinner Ranch — 30.26°N, 103.35°WSkinner Ranch — 30.34°N, 103.22°WSkinner Ranch — 30.25°N, 103.36°WSkinner Ranch — 30.20°N, 103.43°WMoscow — 42.88°N, 78.42°WMoscow — 42.78°N, 77.89°WMoscow — 42.71°N, 78.94°WMoscow — 42.90°N, 78.04°WMoscow — 42.56°N, 74.58°WMoscow — 42.75°N, 77.01°WMoscow — 42.83°N, 75.78°WMoscow — 42.67°N, 76.73°WMoscow — 42.77°N, 76.03°WMoscow — 42.81°N, 75.91°WMoscow — 42.76°N, 75.73°WMoscow — 42.69°N, 75.24°WMoscow — 42.59°N, 75.18°WMoscow — 42.68°N, 75.57°WMoscow — 42.68°N, 75.46°WMoscow — 42.59°N, 74.96°WMoscow — 42.56°N, 74.93°WMoscow — 42.55°N, 74.82°WMoscow — 42.54°N, 74.88°WMoscow — 42.77°N, 77.83°WMoscow — 42.82°N, 77.57°WMoscow — 42.80°N, 77.25°WMoscow — 42.67°N, 76.95°WMoscow — 42.64°N, 75.27°WRat Buri — 13.98°N, 99.36°ERat Buri — 13.40°N, 99.76°ERat Buri — 8.48°N, 98.53°ERat Buri — 7.38°N, 99.30°ERat Buri — 13.46°N, 99.74°EBanff — 57.00°N, 120.00°WBanff — 52.25°N, 117.25°WBanff — 53.08°N, 118.06°WBanff — 52.08°N, 116.43°WBanff — 53.03°N, 118.08°WBanff — 52.98°N, 117.33°WBanff — 51.80°N, 115.83°WBanff — 51.68°N, 115.83°WBanff — 51.60°N, 115.77°WBanff — 51.42°N, 115.75°WBanff — 51.25°N, 115.47°WBanff — 51.15°N, 115.55°WBanff — 51.08°N, 115.43°WBanff — 51.08°N, 115.17°WBanff — 51.05°N, 115.23°WBanff — 50.91°N, 114.85°WCapitan — 31.92°N, 104.82°WCapitan — 31.99°N, 104.78°WCapitan — 32.16°N, 104.50°WCapitan — 32.12°N, 104.58°WCapitan — 31.88°N, 104.86°WCapitan — 32.02°N, 104.73°WCapitan — 32.18°N, 104.44°WCapitan — 32.03°N, 104.02°WCapitan — 30.30°N, 103.50°WBird Spring — 36.55°N, 115.69°WBird Spring — 36.74°N, 114.78°WBird Spring — 36.27°N, 115.43°WBird Spring — 35.95°N, 115.22°WBird Spring — 35.87°N, 115.38°WBird Spring — 35.66°N, 115.43°W

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The named rock units Spiriferinida has been recovered from, largest first. Drawn where the rock is now, not where it formed. 833 further formations hold fewer occurrences each and are not listed. 1,530 occurrences have no formation on record, which is common for older literature.

Spiriferinida and its relatives

Permian

Where Spiriferinida and its relatives were recorded in the Permian.

Found in the same rock

1,294 taxa

The Paleobiology Database records at least 1,445 sites for Spiriferinida, and this reads 240 of them. The number is how many of those sites it was catalogued from too. The 24 sharing the most are listed.

This is not a list of everything alive at the time. It is only what has come out of the same ground as this animal and been written down.

Entered from

861 references

Each of the 6,784 occurrences read was entered from one of these publications, ordered by how many each accounts for. This is not a search for papers mentioning the name. 849 further references are not listed. Entries link to doi.org where the Paleobiology Database holds an identifier, and to its own record where it does not. Relayed as the Paleobiology Database holds them, not checked against what they resolve to.

Media and terms

Media content1

Picture of Spiriferinida

Credit
Didier Descouens
Licence
CC BY-SA 4.0
Commercial use
the licence allows it

No 3D scan of Spiriferinida was found in Sketchfab.

Smithsonian Open Access and MorphoSource were not reached for this taxon, so this list is what the others held rather than everything there is.

The description on this site

Licence
CC BY-SA 4.0

This is what the site found, which is not the same as what exists.

Keep going

What may have been alongside itRhynchonellata through timeFormations of the PermianThe world it lived on

Occurrence data from the Paleobiology Database, CC BY 4.0. Ivanova 1972