Leiorhynchus

Leiorhynchus is an extinct genus of brachiopod belonging to the order Rhynchonellida and family Leiorhynchidae. Specimens have been found in South America, North America, and Russia in beds of middle Devonian to Mississippian age. The genus may have been adapted to dysaerobic environments, colonizing areas of reduced oxygen concentrations rich in organic matter. The genus has been used as an index fossil in North America.

Leiorhynchus

via iDigBio · CC0 · via iDigBio. May be a photograph of a specimen, or an artist’s reconstruction — an interpretation of a skeleton, since colour and soft tissue are almost never preserved.

On record

Recorded, not inferred
Sits inside
LeiorhynchinaePBDB
Diet
suspension feederPBDB, for Rhynchonellida
Life habit
epifaunalPBDB, for Rhynchonellida
Motility
stationaryPBDB, for Rhynchonellida
Vision
blindPBDB, for Rhynchonellata
Environment
marinePBDB, for Lophophorata

Time the record covers

At least 159 million years on record.

The record covers at least 419.62 Mya to 259.857 Mya. No occurrence read is dated outside 443.1 Mya to 254.14 Mya.

Ordovician — about 0 of 389 occurrencesSilurian — about 1 of 389 occurrencesSilurianDevonian — about 332 of 389 occurrencesDevonianCarboniferous — about 36 of 389 occurrencesCarboniferousPermian — about 20 of 389 occurrencesPermianEarly Triassic — about 0 of 389 occurrences447–440 Mya — about 0.1 occurrences440–434 Mya — about 0.3 occurrences434–427 Mya — about 0.3 occurrences427–421 Mya — about 0.3 occurrences421–414 Mya — about 0.1 occurrences414–408 Mya — about 0.5 occurrences408–401 Mya — about 0.9 occurrences401–394 Mya — about 0.9 occurrences394–388 Mya — about 11 occurrences388–381 Mya — about 179 occurrences381–375 Mya — about 82 occurrences375–368 Mya — about 36 occurrences368–362 Mya — about 15 occurrences362–355 Mya — about 9 occurrences355–349 Mya — about 3 occurrences349–342 Mya — about 5 occurrences342–336 Mya — about 5 occurrences336–329 Mya — about 4 occurrences329–322 Mya — about 9 occurrences322–316 Mya — about 1 occurrence316–309 Mya — about 3 occurrences309–303 Mya — about 3 occurrences303–296 Mya — about 0.8 occurrences296–290 Mya — about 3 occurrences290–283 Mya — about 1 occurrence283–277 Mya — about 3 occurrences277–270 Mya — about 5 occurrences270–263 Mya — about 4 occurrences263–257 Mya — about 2 occurrences257–250 Mya — about 0.5 occurrences419.62 Mya259.857 Mya447 Mya250 Mya

389 occurrences of Leiorhynchus on record, most of them in the Devonian. Bar height is expected occurrences, not a count: each fossil is spread across the span it is dated to, so a tall narrow bar means tight dating and a low wide one means loose.

When

389 occurrences

These are dates about fossils, not the animal: the record can only begin after it arose and end before it died out, so either end may reach further. Shares are expected occurrences: a fossil dated to a span is counted partly in each period it straddles. More on what this infers.

Found in

71 formations

Triangle — 42.35°N, 75.89°WTriangle — 42.33°N, 75.85°WTriangle — 42.19°N, 75.87°WTriangle — 42.23°N, 75.53°WTriangle — 42.31°N, 75.60°WTriangle — 42.46°N, 75.47°WTriangle — 42.30°N, 75.51°WTriangle — 42.43°N, 75.50°WTriangle — 42.42°N, 76.19°WTriangle — 42.21°N, 75.79°WTriangle — 42.29°N, 75.29°WTriangle — 42.40°N, 75.31°WTriangle — 42.26°N, 75.45°WTriangle — 42.38°N, 75.58°WTriangle — 42.42°N, 75.86°WTriangle — 42.40°N, 75.77°WTriangle — 42.44°N, 76.03°WSkaneateles — 42.80°N, 76.69°WSkaneateles — 42.90°N, 76.47°WSkaneateles — 42.95°N, 76.43°WSkaneateles — 42.98°N, 76.34°WSkaneateles — 42.94°N, 76.25°WSkaneateles — 42.95°N, 75.88°WSkaneateles — 42.92°N, 76.21°WSkaneateles — 42.86°N, 76.14°WSkaneateles — 42.93°N, 75.99°WSkaneateles — 42.86°N, 75.89°WSkaneateles — 42.88°N, 75.37°WSkaneateles — 42.85°N, 75.18°WSkaneateles — 42.87°N, 77.87°WGeneseo Shale — 42.63°N, 76.70°WThree Forks Shale — 45.02°N, 112.56°WThree Forks Shale — 45.96°N, 111.54°WThree Forks Shale — 45.92°N, 111.55°WThree Forks Shale — 45.83°N, 111.64°WPenn Yan — 42.81°N, 77.32°WLudlowville — 42.76°N, 78.65°WLudlowville — 42.78°N, 78.79°WLudlowville — 42.86°N, 77.76°WLudlowville — 42.83°N, 77.81°WLudlowville — 42.85°N, 78.37°WLudlowville — 42.87°N, 77.87°WSilica — 41.72°N, 83.72°WSilica — 42.13°N, 83.60°WSilica — 42.33°N, 83.03°WMarcellus — 42.85°N, 78.80°WMarcellus — 42.90°N, 76.93°WMarcellus — 42.99°N, 76.01°WMarcellus — 42.65°N, 74.02°WMarcellus — 41.22°N, 74.82°WMarcellus — 42.97°N, 76.14°WMarcellus — 39.62°N, 78.01°WGlen Aubrey — 42.30°N, 76.19°WGlen Aubrey — 42.29°N, 75.92°WGlen Aubrey — 42.16°N, 75.83°WGlen Aubrey — 42.42°N, 76.19°WGlen Aubrey — 42.38°N, 75.58°WGlen Aubrey — 42.29°N, 75.60°WGlen Aubrey — 42.57°N, 76.13°WGlen Aubrey — 42.49°N, 76.07°WLaoyefen — 24.45°N, 108.30°ELime Creek — 43.83°N, 92.93°WLime Creek — 43.05°N, 92.97°WLime Creek — 43.05°N, 92.96°WHeath — 46.54°N, 110.43°WHeath — 47.00°N, 109.28°WHeath — 46.93°N, 109.28°WHeath — 46.95°N, 109.15°WHeath — 46.92°N, 109.09°WHeath — 46.67°N, 109.13°WChemung — 36.75°N, 82.25°WChemung — 36.77°N, 82.21°WChemung — 42.30°N, 78.18°WChemung — 42.33°N, 77.67°WPhosphoria — 42.97°N, 106.78°WPhosphoria — 39.60°N, 110.82°WPhosphoria — 44.00°N, 114.00°WPlum Brook Shale — 41.00°N, 83.00°WThree Forks — 46.11°N, 111.40°WThree Forks — 45.79°N, 111.77°WThree Forks — 45.88°N, 111.55°WThree Forks — 45.95°N, 111.55°WGeneseo — 42.61°N, 76.82°WGeneseo — 42.57°N, 76.21°WGeneseo — 42.63°N, 75.46°WGeneseo — 42.65°N, 75.86°WCabaniss — 37.48°N, 94.61°WCabaniss — 38.02°N, 94.36°WCabaniss — 38.28°N, 93.98°WCabaniss — 37.82°N, 91.56°WWiscoy Sandstone — 42.33°N, 77.70°WWiscoy Sandstone — 42.23°N, 77.58°WDenay Limestone — 39.22°N, 116.22°WDenay Limestone — 39.55°N, 116.28°WNew Albany Shale — 38.67°N, 85.67°WMoscow — 42.71°N, 78.94°WMoscow — 42.82°N, 78.68°WMoscow — 42.77°N, 77.83°WMyslejovice — 49.27°N, 17.00°EWord — 30.40°N, 103.18°W

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The named rock units Leiorhynchus has been recovered from, largest first. Drawn where the rock is now, not where it formed. 47 further formations hold fewer occurrences each and are not listed. 34 occurrences have no formation on record, which is common for older literature.

Leiorhynchus and its relatives

Devonian

Where Leiorhynchus and its relatives were recorded in the Devonian.

Found in the same rock

813 taxa

The Paleobiology Database records 349 sites for Leiorhynchus, and this reads 240 of them. The number is how many of those sites it was catalogued from too. The 24 sharing the most are listed.

This is not a list of everything alive at the time. It is only what has come out of the same ground as this animal and been written down.

Entered from

74 references

Each of the 389 occurrences read was entered from one of these publications, ordered by how many each accounts for. This is not a search for papers mentioning the name. 62 further references are not listed. Entries link to doi.org where the Paleobiology Database holds an identifier, and to its own record where it does not. Relayed as the Paleobiology Database holds them, not checked against what they resolve to.

Media and terms

Media content1

Picture of Leiorhynchus

Source
iDigBio
Credit
via iDigBio
Licence
CC0
Commercial use
the licence allows it

No 3D scan of Leiorhynchus was found in Sketchfab.

Smithsonian Open Access and MorphoSource were not reached for this taxon, so this list is what the others held rather than everything there is.

The description on this site

Licence
CC BY-SA 4.0

This is what the site found, which is not the same as what exists.

Keep going

What may have been alongside itLeiorhynchinae through timeFormations of the DevonianThe world it lived on

Occurrence data from the Paleobiology Database, CC BY 4.0. (Hall 1860)