Aix sponsa
The wood duck or Carolina duck is a partially migratory species of perching duck found in North America. The male is one of the most colorful North American waterfowls.

Chuck Homler d/b/a FocusOnwWildlife · CC BY-SA 4.0 · via Wikipedia/Commons. May be a photograph of a specimen, or an artist’s reconstruction — an interpretation of a skeleton, since colour and soft tissue are almost never preserved.
On record
Recorded, not inferred- Also called
- wood duckPBDB
- Sits inside
- AixPBDB
- Diet
- herbivorePBDB, for Anatinae
- Life habit
- volantPBDB, for Anatinae
- Motility
- actively mobilePBDB, for Theropoda
- Environment
- freshwaterPBDB, for Anatinae
Time the record covers
At least 1.7 million years on record.
The record covers at least 1.8 Mya to 11.7 ka. No occurrence read is dated outside 2.58 Mya to 0 Mya.
12 occurrences of Aix sponsa on record, most of them in the Pleistocene. The Paleobiology Database records this as a living group. Bar height is expected occurrences, not a count: each fossil is spread across the span it is dated to, so a tall narrow bar means tight dating and a low wide one means loose.
When
12 occurrences- Pleistocene83%
- Holocene17%
These are dates about fossils, not the animal: the record can only begin after it arose and end before it died out, so either end may reach further. Shares are expected occurrences: a fossil dated to a span is counted partly in each period it straddles. More on what this infers.
Found in
2 formations
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The named rock units Aix sponsa has been recovered from, largest first. Drawn where the rock is now, not where it formed. 10 occurrences have no formation on record, which is common for older literature.
Aix sponsa and its relatives
PleistoceneWhere Aix sponsa and its relatives were recorded in the Pleistocene.
Found in the same rock
438 taxa- Podilymbus podiceps8 sites
- Spatula discors8 sites
- Anas acuta7 sites
- Anas platyrhynchos7 sites
- Odocoileus virginianus7 sites
- Aythya collaris6 sites
- Ectopistes migratorius6 sites
- Meleagris gallopavo6 sites
- Anas crecca carolinensis5 sites
- Bubo virginianus5 sites
- Dasypus bellus5 sites
- Blarina carolinensis4 sites
- Branta canadensis4 sites
- Bucephala albeola4 sites
- Castor canadensis4 sites
- Ciconia maltha4 sites
- Colaptes auratus4 sites
- Coragyps atratus4 sites
- Corvus corax4 sites
- Equus4 sites
- Falco sparverius4 sites
- Fulica americana4 sites
- Lophodytes cucullatus4 sites
- Mammut americanum4 sites
The Paleobiology Database records 12 sites for Aix sponsa, and this reads all of them. The number is how many of those sites it was catalogued from too. The 24 sharing the most are listed.
This is not a list of everything alive at the time. It is only what has come out of the same ground as this animal and been written down.
Entered from
10 references- Avian community, climate, and sea-level changes in the Plio-Pleistocene of the Florida Peninsula3
- A middle Pleistocene bird community from Saint Lucie County, Florida1
- After Hopewell in Southern Québec1
- Late Pleistocene birds from Kingston Saltpeter Cave, southern Appalachian Mountains, Georgia1
- Quaternary avian remains from Dark Canyon Cave, New Mexico1
- A Pleistocene avifauna from Haile, Florida1
- The fossil avifauna of Itchtucknee River, Florida1
- A Pleistocene avifauna from Rock Spring, Florida1
- The former occurrence of the Mississippi kite in Ohio1
- Fossil birds from the Equus Beds of Oregon1
Each of the 12 occurrences read was entered from one of these publications, ordered by how many each accounts for. This is not a search for papers mentioning the name. Entries link to doi.org where the Paleobiology Database holds an identifier, and to its own record where it does not. Relayed as the Paleobiology Database holds them, not checked against what they resolve to.
Media and terms
Media content1
Picture of Aix sponsa
- Source
- Wikipedia/Commons
- Credit
- Chuck Homler d/b/a FocusOnwWildlife
- Licence
- CC BY-SA 4.0
- Commercial use
- the licence allows it
No repository was searched for a 3D scan: the genus name is too short to search on without matching most of the record.
The description on this site
- Source
- Wikipedia, “Wood duck”
- Licence
- CC BY-SA 4.0
This is what the site found, which is not the same as what exists.
Keep going
What may have been alongside itAix through timeFormations of the PleistoceneThe world it lived on
Occurrence data from the Paleobiology Database, CC BY 4.0. (Linnaeus 1758)