Phalium

Phalium, common name the bonnet shells, is a genus of large sea snails, marine gastropod molluscs in the subfamily Phaliinae of the family Cassidae, the helmet shells, bonnet shells and their allies.

Phalium

Hectonichus · CC BY-SA 3.0 · via Wikipedia/Commons. May be a photograph of a specimen, or an artist’s reconstruction — an interpretation of a skeleton, since colour and soft tissue are almost never preserved.

On record

Recorded, not inferred
Sits inside
PhaliinaePBDB
Diet
carnivorePBDB, for Cassidae
Life habit
epifaunalPBDB, for Cassidae
Motility
actively mobilePBDB, for Cassidae
Vision
limitedPBDB, for Gastropoda

Time the record covers

At least 48 million years on record.

The record covers at least 48.07 Mya to 11.7 ka. No occurrence read is dated outside 56 Mya to 0 Mya.

Paleocene — about 0 of 68 occurrencesEocene — about 29 of 68 occurrencesEoceneOligocene — about 6 of 68 occurrencesOligoceneMiocene — about 16 of 68 occurrencesMiocenePliocene — about 3 of 68 occurrencesPleistocene — about 13 of 68 occurrences57–55 Mya — about 0.6 occurrences55–53 Mya — about 1 occurrence53–51 Mya — about 1 occurrence51–50 Mya — about 1 occurrence50–48 Mya — about 1 occurrence48–46 Mya — about 0.5 occurrences46–44 Mya — about 0.5 occurrences44–42 Mya — about 0.5 occurrences42–40 Mya — about 6 occurrences40–38 Mya — about 11 occurrences38–36 Mya — about 3 occurrences36–34 Mya — about 1 occurrence34–32 Mya — about 2 occurrences32–30 Mya — about 2 occurrences30–29 Mya — about 2 occurrences29–27 Mya — about 1 occurrence25–23 Mya — about 0.1 occurrences23–21 Mya — about 0.8 occurrences21–19 Mya — about 0.8 occurrences19–17 Mya — about 0.8 occurrences17–15 Mya — about 1 occurrence15–13 Mya — about 2 occurrences13–11 Mya — about 2 occurrences11–9.5 Mya — about 2 occurrences9.5–7.6 Mya — about 2 occurrences7.6–5.7 Mya — about 4 occurrences5.7–3.8 Mya — about 3 occurrences3.8–1.9 Mya — about 3 occurrences1.9–0 Mya — about 12 occurrences48.07 Mya11.7 ka57 Mya0 Mya

68 occurrences of Phalium on record, most of them in the Eocene. The Paleobiology Database records this as a living group. Bar height is expected occurrences, not a count: each fossil is spread across the span it is dated to, so a tall narrow bar means tight dating and a low wide one means loose.

When

68 occurrences

These are dates about fossils, not the animal: the record can only begin after it arose and end before it died out, so either end may reach further. Shares are expected occurrences: a fossil dated to a span is counted partly in each period it straddles. More on what this infers.

Found in

25 formations

Cook Mountain — 31.09°N, 95.95°WCook Mountain — 31.25°N, 95.72°WCook Mountain — 30.63°N, 96.55°WCook Mountain — 30.63°N, 96.54°WCook Mountain — 30.07°N, 97.08°WMoodys Branch — 31.88°N, 88.68°WMoodys Branch — 32.30°N, 90.18°WMoodys Branch — 32.01°N, 92.00°WMoodys Branch — 31.67°N, 92.89°WReklaw — 30.88°N, 95.38°WReklaw — 30.11°N, 97.32°WReklaw — 30.01°N, 97.26°WReklaw — 30.00°N, 97.25°WReklaw — 30.81°N, 96.65°WCastle Hayne — 34.64°N, 77.65°WCastle Hayne — 34.44°N, 77.89°WCastle Hayne — 34.66°N, 77.70°WByram — 32.32°N, 90.86°WByram — 32.12°N, 90.53°WPirabas — 0.80°S, 47.13°WPirabas — 0.48°S, 48.17°WEmpire — 43.39°N, 124.28°WNakasi — 18.03°S, 178.52°EGosport Sand — 31.54°N, 87.52°WGosport Sand — 31.55°N, 87.91°WShoal River — 30.72°N, 86.12°WShoal River — 30.69°N, 86.65°WReinbek Stuffe — 51.77°N, 6.62°EWeches — 30.68°N, 96.58°WWeches — 31.11°N, 96.28°WRiver Bend — 35.11°N, 77.04°WTupelo Bay — 33.25°N, 80.45°WMint Spring — 32.17°N, 90.18°WCoatzacoalcos — 18.14°N, 94.41°WBermont — 26.79°N, 81.30°WGurabo — 19.58°N, 71.05°WAlifian Limestone — 13.45°N, 144.78°EBoca de Serpiente — 10.08°N, 62.01°WSuwannee Limestone — 28.23°N, 82.18°WToshima Sand — 34.62°N, 137.22°ETentokuji — 39.75°N, 140.41°EOcala limestone — 29.19°N, 82.14°W

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The named rock units Phalium has been recovered from, largest first. Drawn where the rock is now, not where it formed. One further formation holds fewer occurrences and is not listed. 18 occurrences have no formation on record, which is common for older literature.

Phalium and its relatives

Eocene

Where Phalium and its relatives were recorded in the Eocene.

Found in the same rock

1,739 taxa

The Paleobiology Database records 46 sites for Phalium, and this reads all of them. The number is how many of those sites it was catalogued from too. The 24 sharing the most are listed.

This is not a list of everything alive at the time. It is only what has come out of the same ground as this animal and been written down.

Entered from

37 references

Each of the 68 occurrences read was entered from one of these publications, ordered by how many each accounts for. This is not a search for papers mentioning the name. 25 further references are not listed. Entries link to doi.org where the Paleobiology Database holds an identifier, and to its own record where it does not. Relayed as the Paleobiology Database holds them, not checked against what they resolve to.

Media and terms

Media content1

Picture of Phalium

Credit
Hectonichus
Licence
CC BY-SA 3.0
Commercial use
the licence allows it

No 3D scan of Phalium was found in Sketchfab.

Smithsonian Open Access and MorphoSource were not reached for this taxon, so this list is what the others held rather than everything there is.

The description on this site

Licence
CC BY-SA 4.0

This is what the site found, which is not the same as what exists.

Keep going

What may have been alongside itPhaliinae through timeFormations of the EoceneThe world it lived on

Occurrence data from the Paleobiology Database, CC BY 4.0. (Link 1807)