Modulus

Modulus is a genus of small sea snails, marine gastropod molluscs in the family Modulidae.

Modulus

Manuel CABALLER · CC BY 4.0 · via Wikipedia/Commons. May be a photograph of a specimen, or an artist’s reconstruction — an interpretation of a skeleton, since colour and soft tissue are almost never preserved.

On record

Recorded, not inferred
Sits inside
ModulidaePBDB
Diet
grazerPBDB, for Modulidae
Life habit
epifaunalPBDB, for Modulidae
Motility
actively mobilePBDB, for Modulidae
Vision
limitedPBDB, for Gastropoda

Time the record covers

At least 27 million years on record.

The record covers at least 27.3 Mya to 129 ka. No occurrence read is dated outside 33.9 Mya to 11.7 ka.

Eocene — about 0 of 95 occurrencesOligocene — about 3 of 95 occurrencesOligoceneMiocene — about 24 of 95 occurrencesMiocenePliocene — about 21 of 95 occurrencesPleistocene — about 47 of 95 occurrences35–33 Mya — about 0.1 occurrences33–32 Mya — about 0.3 occurrences32–31 Mya — about 0.3 occurrences31–30 Mya — about 0.3 occurrences30–29 Mya — about 0.3 occurrences29–28 Mya — about 0.3 occurrences28–27 Mya — about 0.2 occurrences27–25 Mya — about 0.2 occurrences25–24 Mya — about 0.2 occurrences24–23 Mya — about 0.2 occurrences23–22 Mya — about 0.8 occurrences22–21 Mya — about 0.8 occurrences21–20 Mya — about 3 occurrences20–18 Mya — about 3 occurrences18–17 Mya — about 3 occurrences17–16 Mya — about 3 occurrences16–15 Mya — about 3 occurrences15–14 Mya — about 3 occurrences14–13 Mya — about 1 occurrence13–12 Mya — about 1 occurrence12–10 Mya — about 0.6 occurrences10–9.2 Mya — about 0.6 occurrences9.2–8.1 Mya — about 0.6 occurrences8.1–6.9 Mya — about 0.6 occurrences6.9–5.8 Mya — about 0.4 occurrences5.8–4.6 Mya — about 3 occurrences4.6–3.5 Mya — about 6 occurrences3.5–2.3 Mya — about 15 occurrences2.3–1.2 Mya — about 11 occurrences1.2–0 Mya — about 34 occurrences27.3 Mya129 ka34.6 Mya0 Mya

95 occurrences of Modulus on record, most of them in the Pleistocene. The Paleobiology Database records this as a living group. Bar height is expected occurrences, not a count: each fossil is spread across the span it is dated to, so a tall narrow bar means tight dating and a low wide one means loose.

When

95 occurrences

These are dates about fossils, not the animal: the record can only begin after it arose and end before it died out, so either end may reach further. Shares are expected occurrences: a fossil dated to a span is counted partly in each period it straddles. More on what this infers.

Found in

32 formations

Caloosahatchee — 26.89°N, 82.01°WCaloosahatchee — 26.75°N, 81.51°WCaloosahatchee — 26.76°N, 81.46°WCaloosahatchee — 26.75°N, 80.93°WCaloosahatchee — 26.96°N, 81.99°WCaloosahatchee — 27.77°N, 82.68°WChipola — 30.57°N, 85.84°WChipola — 30.44°N, 85.19°WChipola — 30.43°N, 84.98°WMare — 10.61°N, 63.52°WMare — 10.64°N, 64.11°WFort Thompson — 26.75°N, 81.39°WFort Thompson — 26.79°N, 81.30°WAnastasia — 26.65°N, 80.45°WAnastasia — 26.33°N, 80.13°WAnastasia — 26.93°N, 80.09°WCastilletes — 11.85°N, 71.33°WCastilletes — 11.94°N, 71.32°WCastilletes — 11.96°N, 71.26°WJimol — 12.00°N, 71.31°WJimol — 11.90°N, 71.39°WFalmouth — 18.47°N, 77.45°WIronshore — 19.33°N, 81.25°WWaimanalo — 21.45°N, 157.72°WWaimanalo — 21.30°N, 157.87°WWaimanalo — 21.38°N, 158.13°WSuwannee Limestone — 30.28°N, 83.71°WSuwannee Limestone — 28.23°N, 82.18°WLower Menkrawit — 1.50°N, 116.50°EMao — 19.57°N, 71.17°WMao — 19.67°N, 71.40°WAraya — 10.82°N, 64.18°WAraya — 10.62°N, 64.00°WMount Hope — 9.33°N, 79.90°WJackson Bluff — 30.43°N, 84.57°WArcadia — 27.89°N, 82.48°WTalparo — 10.63°N, 61.28°WBermont — 27.72°N, 82.43°WCayo Agua — 9.18°N, 82.05°WBowden — 17.88°N, 76.28°WNyalindung — 7.49°S, 110.00°EFalun de Saucats — 44.66°N, 0.57°WBrasso Clay — 10.48°N, 61.15°W

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The named rock units Modulus has been recovered from, largest first. Drawn where the rock is now, not where it formed. 8 further formations hold fewer occurrences each and are not listed. 20 occurrences have no formation on record, which is common for older literature.

Modulus and its relatives

Pleistocene

Where Modulus and its relatives were recorded in the Pleistocene.

Found in the same rock

2,197 taxa

The Paleobiology Database records 36 sites for Modulus, and this reads all of them. The number is how many of those sites it was catalogued from too. The 24 sharing the most are listed.

This is not a list of everything alive at the time. It is only what has come out of the same ground as this animal and been written down.

Entered from

45 references

Each of the 95 occurrences read was entered from one of these publications, ordered by how many each accounts for. This is not a search for papers mentioning the name. 33 further references are not listed. Entries link to doi.org where the Paleobiology Database holds an identifier, and to its own record where it does not. Relayed as the Paleobiology Database holds them, not checked against what they resolve to.

Media and terms

Media content1

Picture of Modulus

Credit
Manuel CABALLER
Licence
CC BY 4.0
Commercial use
the licence allows it

No 3D scan was found. Smithsonian Open Access, MorphoSource and Sketchfab were all searched.

The description on this site

Licence
CC BY-SA 4.0

This is what the site found, which is not the same as what exists.

Keep going

What may have been alongside itModulidae through timeFormations of the PleistoceneThe world it lived on

Occurrence data from the Paleobiology Database, CC BY 4.0. Gray 1842