Menelikia

Menelikia is a genus of extinct Artiodactyl mammals, belonging to the bovids. It lived from the middle Pliocene to the middle Pleistocene and its fossils are found in East Africa.

Menelikia

Ghedoghedo · CC BY-SA 3.0 · via Wikipedia/Commons. May be a photograph of a specimen, or an artist’s reconstruction — an interpretation of a skeleton, since colour and soft tissue are almost never preserved.

On record

Recorded, not inferred
Sits inside
RedunciniPBDB
Diet
grazer, browserPBDB, for Bovidae
Life habit
ground dwellingPBDB, for Bovidae
Motility
actively mobilePBDB, for Osteichthyes
Environment
terrestrialPBDB, for Artiodactyla

Time the record covers

At least 3.5 million years on record.

The record covers at least 5.333 Mya to 1.8 Mya. No occurrence read is dated outside 11.63 Mya to 11.7 ka.

Miocene — about 2 of 79 occurrencesMiocenePliocene — about 16 of 79 occurrencesPliocenePleistocene — about 61 of 79 occurrencesPleistoceneHolocene — about 0 of 79 occurrences12–11 Mya — about 0.0 occurrences11–11 Mya — about 0.1 occurrences11–11 Mya — about 0.1 occurrences11–10 Mya — about 0.1 occurrences10–9.7 Mya — about 0.1 occurrences9.7–9.3 Mya — about 0.1 occurrences9.3–8.9 Mya — about 0.1 occurrences8.9–8.5 Mya — about 0.1 occurrences8.5–8.1 Mya — about 0.1 occurrences8.1–7.7 Mya — about 0.1 occurrences7.7–7.3 Mya — about 0.1 occurrences7.3–6.9 Mya — about 0.2 occurrences6.9–6.5 Mya — about 0.2 occurrences6.5–6.1 Mya — about 0.2 occurrences6.1–5.7 Mya — about 0.2 occurrences5.7–5.3 Mya — about 0.4 occurrences5.3–4.9 Mya — about 1 occurrence4.9–4.4 Mya — about 1 occurrence4.4–4.0 Mya — about 1 occurrence4.0–3.6 Mya — about 1 occurrence3.6–3.2 Mya — about 4 occurrences3.2–2.8 Mya — about 4 occurrences2.8–2.4 Mya — about 12 occurrences2.4–2.0 Mya — about 24 occurrences2.0–1.6 Mya — about 16 occurrences1.6–1.2 Mya — about 6 occurrences1.2–809 ka Mya — about 6 occurrences809 ka–404 ka Mya — about 1.0 occurrences404 ka–0 Mya — about 0.5 occurrences5.333 Mya1.8 Mya12.1 Mya0 Mya

79 occurrences of Menelikia on record, most of them in the Pleistocene. Bar height is expected occurrences, not a count: each fossil is spread across the span it is dated to, so a tall narrow bar means tight dating and a low wide one means loose.

When

79 occurrences

These are dates about fossils, not the animal: the record can only begin after it arose and end before it died out, so either end may reach further. Shares are expected occurrences: a fossil dated to a span is counted partly in each period it straddles. More on what this infers.

Found in

7 formations

Koobi Fora — 3.75°N, 36.34°EKoobi Fora — 3.77°N, 36.39°EKoobi Fora — 3.90°N, 36.24°EKoobi Fora — 3.98°N, 36.32°EKoobi Fora — 3.86°N, 36.26°EKoobi Fora — 4.07°N, 36.37°EKoobi Fora — 3.87°N, 36.37°EKoobi Fora — 4.31°N, 36.28°EKoobi Fora — 3.70°N, 36.32°EKoobi Fora — 4.28°N, 36.24°EKoobi Fora — 4.28°N, 36.38°EKoobi Fora — 4.24°N, 36.37°EKoobi Fora — 4.06°N, 36.33°EShungura — 5.08°N, 36.01°EShungura — 5.05°N, 36.01°EShungura — 5.09°N, 36.06°ENachukui — 4.25°N, 35.79°ENachukui — 3.92°N, 35.77°ENachukui — 4.00°N, 35.73°ENachukui — 4.10°N, 35.77°ENachukui — 4.16°N, 35.79°EWarwire — 1.50°N, 31.00°ELusso Beds — 0.03°N, 29.62°ENawata — 2.90°N, 36.05°ENawata or Nachukui — 2.90°N, 36.05°E

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The named rock units Menelikia has been recovered from, largest first. Drawn where the rock is now, not where it formed. 5 occurrences have no formation on record, which is common for older literature.

Menelikia and its relatives

Pleistocene

Where Menelikia and its relatives were recorded in the Pleistocene.

Found in the same rock

341 taxa

The Paleobiology Database records 77 sites for Menelikia, and this reads all of them. The number is how many of those sites it was catalogued from too. The 24 sharing the most are listed.

This is not a list of everything alive at the time. It is only what has come out of the same ground as this animal and been written down.

Entered from

17 references

Each of the 79 occurrences read was entered from one of these publications, ordered by how many each accounts for. This is not a search for papers mentioning the name. 5 further references are not listed. Entries link to doi.org where the Paleobiology Database holds an identifier, and to its own record where it does not. Relayed as the Paleobiology Database holds them, not checked against what they resolve to.

Media and terms

Media content1

Picture of Menelikia

Credit
Ghedoghedo
Licence
CC BY-SA 3.0
Commercial use
the licence allows it

No 3D scan of Menelikia was found in MorphoSource and Sketchfab.

Smithsonian Open Access was not reached for this taxon, so this list is what the others held rather than everything there is.

The description on this site

Licence
CC BY-SA 4.0

This is what the site found, which is not the same as what exists.

Keep going

What may have been alongside itReduncini through timeFormations of the PleistoceneThe world it lived on

Occurrence data from the Paleobiology Database, CC BY 4.0. Arambourg 1941