Lepidopus caudatus
The silver scabbardfish, also known as the frostfish or beltfish, is a benthopelagic cutlassfish of the family Trichiuridae found throughout the temperate seas of the world. It grows to over 2 metres in length.

G.M. · Public Domain · via Wikipedia/Commons. May be a photograph of a specimen, or an artist’s reconstruction — an interpretation of a skeleton, since colour and soft tissue are almost never preserved.
On record
Recorded, not inferred- Sits inside
- LepidopusPBDB
- Motility
- actively mobilePBDB, for Osteichthyes
Time the record covers
At least 19 million years on record.
The record covers at least 23.04 Mya to 3.6 Mya. No occurrence read is dated outside 33.9 Mya to 2.58 Mya.
11 occurrences of Lepidopus caudatus on record, most of them in the Miocene. The Paleobiology Database records this as a living group, and the chart stops with its fossils rather than at the present. Bar height is expected occurrences, not a count: each fossil is spread across the span it is dated to, so a tall narrow bar means tight dating and a low wide one means loose.
When
11 occurrencesThese are dates about fossils, not the animal: the record can only begin after it arose and end before it died out, so either end may reach further. Shares are expected occurrences: a fossil dated to a span is counted partly in each period it straddles. More on what this infers.
Found in
1 formation
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The named rock units Lepidopus caudatus has been recovered from, largest first. Drawn where the rock is now, not where it formed. 10 occurrences have no formation on record, which is common for older literature.
Lepidopus caudatus and its relatives
MioceneWhere Lepidopus caudatus and its relatives were recorded in the Miocene.
Found in the same rock
265 taxa- Maurolicus muelleri8 sites
- Otolithus labiatus8 sites
- Physiculus huloti8 sites
- Hoplobrotula7 sites
- Lesueurigobius7 sites
- Deltentosteus6 sites
- Dentex6 sites
- Diaphus cavallonis6 sites
- Diaphus pedemontanus6 sites
- Diaphus taaningi6 sites
- Gadiculus argenteus6 sites
- Hygophum hygomi6 sites
- Lobianchia dofleini6 sites
- Phycis6 sites
- Arnoglossus5 sites
- Cepola rubescens5 sites
- Diaphus rafinesquii5 sites
- Diaphus rubus5 sites
- Gobiidarum5 sites
- Myctophum coppa5 sites
- Pomadasys incisus5 sites
- Pseudophichthys5 sites
- Triglidae5 sites
- Antigonia capros4 sites
The Paleobiology Database records 11 sites for Lepidopus caudatus, and this reads all of them. The number is how many of those sites it was catalogued from too. The 24 sharing the most are listed.
This is not a list of everything alive at the time. It is only what has come out of the same ground as this animal and been written down.
Entered from
7 references- Fish otoliths from the pre-evaporitic (Early Messinian) sediments of northern Italy: their stratigraphic and palaeobiogeographic significance4
- Otolithes de poissons du paléocanyon de saubrigues (chattien à langhien), aquitaine méridionale, France2
- A record of the Messinian salinity crisis in the eastern Ionian tectonically active domain1
- Tortonian fish otoliths from turbiditic deposits in Northern Italy: Taxonomic and stratigraphic significance1
- Amnissos: un gisement clé pour la connaissance de l'ichthyofaune du Pliocène supérieur de Crète1
- Les otholites de téléostéens des Marnes de Saubrigues (Miocène d'Aquitaine Méridionale, France)1
- Zwei Fischfaunen aus den oligozaenen Menilitschifern von Mähren1
Each of the 11 occurrences read was entered from one of these publications, ordered by how many each accounts for. This is not a search for papers mentioning the name. Entries link to doi.org where the Paleobiology Database holds an identifier, and to its own record where it does not. Relayed as the Paleobiology Database holds them, not checked against what they resolve to.
Media and terms
Media content1
Picture of Lepidopus caudatus
- Source
- Wikipedia/Commons
- Credit
- G.M.
- Licence
- Public Domain
- Commercial use
- the licence allows it
No 3D scan of Lepidopus caudatus was found in MorphoSource and Sketchfab.
Smithsonian Open Access was not reached for this taxon, so this list is what the others held rather than everything there is.
The description on this site
- Licence
- CC BY-SA 4.0
This is what the site found, which is not the same as what exists.
Keep going
What may have been alongside itLepidopus through timeFormations of the MioceneThe world it lived on
Occurrence data from the Paleobiology Database, CC BY 4.0. Euphrasen 1788