Conulus

Conulus is an extinct genus of echinoids that lived in the Cretaceous. Remains of Conulus species have been found in Asia, Europe, and North America.

Conulus

Rainer Halama · CC BY-SA 3.0 · via Wikipedia/Commons. May be a photograph of a specimen, or an artist’s reconstruction — an interpretation of a skeleton, since colour and soft tissue are almost never preserved.

On record

Recorded, not inferred
Sits inside
ConulidaePBDB
Diet
grazer, deposit feederPBDB, for Echinoidea
Life habit
epifaunalPBDB, for Echinoidea
Motility
actively mobilePBDB, for Echinoidea
Vision
limitedPBDB, for Echinoidea
Environment
marinePBDB, for Echinodermata

Time the record covers

At least 47 million years on record.

The record covers at least 119.57 Mya to 72.2 Mya. No occurrence read is dated outside 143.1 Mya to 66 Mya.

Late Jurassic — about 0 of 51 occurrencesEarly Cretaceous — about 19 of 51 occurrencesEarly CretaceousLate Cretaceous — about 32 of 51 occurrencesLate CretaceousPaleocene — about 0 of 51 occurrences145–142 Mya — about 0.0 occurrences142–139 Mya — about 0.0 occurrences139–137 Mya — about 0.0 occurrences137–134 Mya — about 0.0 occurrences134–131 Mya — about 0.0 occurrences131–129 Mya — about 0.0 occurrences129–126 Mya — about 0.0 occurrences126–123 Mya — about 0.0 occurrences123–121 Mya — about 0.7 occurrences121–118 Mya — about 2 occurrences118–115 Mya — about 1 occurrence115–113 Mya — about 1 occurrence113–110 Mya — about 1 occurrence110–107 Mya — about 2 occurrences107–105 Mya — about 4 occurrences105–102 Mya — about 5 occurrences102–99 Mya — about 4 occurrences99–97 Mya — about 2 occurrences97–94 Mya — about 2 occurrences94–91 Mya — about 2 occurrences91–89 Mya — about 1 occurrence89–86 Mya — about 0.0 occurrences86–83 Mya — about 7 occurrences83–80 Mya — about 1 occurrence80–78 Mya — about 1 occurrence78–75 Mya — about 1 occurrence75–72 Mya — about 1 occurrence72–70 Mya — about 4 occurrences70–67 Mya — about 5 occurrences67–64 Mya — about 2 occurrences119.57 Mya72.2 Mya145 Mya64 Mya

51 occurrences of Conulus on record, most of them in the Late Cretaceous. Bar height is expected occurrences, not a count: each fossil is spread across the span it is dated to, so a tall narrow bar means tight dating and a low wide one means loose.

When

51 occurrences

These are dates about fossils, not the animal: the record can only begin after it arose and end before it died out, so either end may reach further. Shares are expected occurrences: a fossil dated to a span is counted partly in each period it straddles. More on what this infers.

Found in

18 formations

Grès verts helvétiques — 45.99°N, 6.71°EGrès verts helvétiques — 46.09°N, 6.76°EGrès verts helvétiques — 46.03°N, 6.57°EGrès verts helvétiques — 45.98°N, 6.78°ECabo de Lata — 43.49°N, 3.80°WCabo de Lata — 42.84°N, 2.18°WAustin Chalk — 29.42°N, 98.71°WAustin Chalk — 29.41°N, 99.47°WAustin Chalk — 29.18°N, 99.64°WGrizzle — 50.80°N, 0.18°EMiddle Chalk — 50.80°N, 0.18°EVallcarga — 42.25°N, 0.97°ERisan Aneiza — 30.79°N, 33.48°EPerte-du-Rhone — 45.15°N, 5.48°EMunday’s Hill Phosphatic Sandstone — 51.92°N, 0.67°WCouches du Freu — 46.01°N, 6.35°EBargy Conglomerate — 46.00°N, 6.10°ECalcaires de Fiz — 46.10°N, 6.78°EWhite Chalk — 54.52°N, 13.63°ECraie de Sens — 48.20°N, 3.28°EArén — 42.17°N, 0.90°ELower Chalk — 50.83°N, 2.60°WFiqa — 19.60°N, 57.60°EHalal — 30.67°N, 33.42°E

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The named rock units Conulus has been recovered from, largest first. Drawn where the rock is now, not where it formed. 14 occurrences have no formation on record, which is common for older literature.

Conulus and its relatives

Late Cretaceous

Where Conulus and its relatives were recorded in the Late Cretaceous.

Found in the same rock

562 taxa

The Paleobiology Database records 46 sites for Conulus, and this reads all of them. The number is how many of those sites it was catalogued from too. The 24 sharing the most are listed.

This is not a list of everything alive at the time. It is only what has come out of the same ground as this animal and been written down.

Entered from

22 references

Each of the 51 occurrences read was entered from one of these publications, ordered by how many each accounts for. This is not a search for papers mentioning the name. 10 further references are not listed. Entries link to doi.org where the Paleobiology Database holds an identifier, and to its own record where it does not. Relayed as the Paleobiology Database holds them, not checked against what they resolve to.

Media and terms

Media content2

Picture of Conulus

Credit
Rainer Halama
Licence
CC BY-SA 3.0
Commercial use
the licence allows it

3D model

Source
Sketchfab
Licence
CC0 Public Domain
Commercial use
the licence allows it

The description on this site

Licence
CC BY-SA 4.0

This is what the site found, which is not the same as what exists.

Keep going

What may have been alongside itConulidae through timeFormations of the Late CretaceousThe world it lived on

Occurrence data from the Paleobiology Database, CC BY 4.0. Leske 1778