Phymosoma

Phymosoma is an extinct genus of echinoids that lived from the Cretaceous to the Eocene. Its remains have been found in Asia, Europe, and North America.

Phymosoma

FunkMonk · CC BY-SA 3.0 · via Wikipedia/Commons. May be a photograph of a specimen, or an artist’s reconstruction — an interpretation of a skeleton, since colour and soft tissue are almost never preserved.

On record

Recorded, not inferred
Sits inside
PhymosomatidaePBDB
Diet
omnivorePBDB, for Phymosomatoida
Life habit
low-level epifaunalPBDB, for Phymosomatoida
Motility
slow-movingPBDB, for Phymosomatoida
Vision
limitedPBDB, for Echinoidea
Environment
marinePBDB, for Echinodermata

Time the record covers

At least 121 million years on record.

The record covers at least 149.2 Mya to 27.3 Mya. No occurrence read is dated outside 154.8 Mya to 23.04 Mya.

Late Jurassic — about 5 of 84 occurrencesLate JurassicEarly Cretaceous — about 11 of 84 occurrencesEarly CretaceousLate Cretaceous — about 61 of 84 occurrencesLate CretaceousPaleocene — about 1 of 84 occurrencesEocene — about 5 of 84 occurrencesEoceneOligocene — about 1 of 84 occurrencesMiocene — about 0 of 84 occurrences157–153 Mya — about 1 occurrence153–148 Mya — about 4 occurrences144–139 Mya — about 0.1 occurrences139–135 Mya — about 2 occurrences135–130 Mya — about 3 occurrences130–125 Mya — about 1 occurrence125–121 Mya — about 0.1 occurrences121–116 Mya — about 0.6 occurrences116–112 Mya — about 0.4 occurrences112–107 Mya — about 0.1 occurrences107–103 Mya — about 2 occurrences103–98 Mya — about 7 occurrences98–93 Mya — about 12 occurrences93–89 Mya — about 24 occurrences89–84 Mya — about 2 occurrences84–80 Mya — about 2 occurrences80–75 Mya — about 2 occurrences75–71 Mya — about 4 occurrences71–66 Mya — about 9 occurrences66–62 Mya — about 1 occurrence52–48 Mya — about 0.1 occurrences48–43 Mya — about 0.9 occurrences43–39 Mya — about 2 occurrences39–34 Mya — about 2 occurrences34–30 Mya — about 0.1 occurrences30–25 Mya — about 0.5 occurrences25–20 Mya — about 0.5 occurrences149.2 Mya27.3 Mya157 Mya20 Mya

84 occurrences of Phymosoma on record, most of them in the Late Cretaceous. Bar height is expected occurrences, not a count: each fossil is spread across the span it is dated to, so a tall narrow bar means tight dating and a low wide one means loose.

When

84 occurrences

These are dates about fossils, not the animal: the record can only begin after it arose and end before it died out, so either end may reach further. Shares are expected occurrences: a fossil dated to a span is counted partly in each period it straddles. More on what this infers.

Found in

30 formations

Wata — 28.65°N, 33.24°EWata — 29.67°N, 34.50°EWata — 30.38°N, 33.52°EWata — 29.28°N, 34.72°EWata — 29.63°N, 34.40°ECotinguiba — 10.80°S, 37.17°WCotinguiba — 10.76°S, 37.07°WAbu Qada — 28.65°N, 33.24°EAbu Qada — 29.67°N, 34.50°EAbu Qada — 29.28°N, 34.72°EAbu Qada — 30.37°N, 34.45°EAbu Roash — 30.06°N, 31.08°ECabo de Lata — 43.49°N, 3.80°WMaastricht — 50.87°N, 5.68°EMaastricht — 50.87°N, 5.98°EWhite Chalk — 54.52°N, 13.63°EArén — 42.17°N, 0.90°EGalala — 29.27°N, 34.72°EVuache — 46.83°N, 6.52°EZone de Pierre jaune — 47.05°N, 7.08°ECraie de Villedieu — 45.00°N, 0.37°EObourg — 50.41°N, 4.01°ETrivières Chalk — 50.41°N, 3.90°ECastle Hayne — 34.63°N, 77.67°WSimsima — 25.02°N, 55.78°EAustin Chalk — 31.05°N, 97.47°WRiacheulo — 10.76°S, 37.08°WDel Rio Clay — 29.02°N, 101.00°WJandaíra — 5.33°S, 37.34°WRaha — 28.65°N, 33.24°EMt. Lysa — 50.90°N, 21.67°EBahamite sequence — 53.77°N, 14.08°ERiachuelo — 10.76°S, 37.08°W

Loading coastlines…

The named rock units Phymosoma has been recovered from, largest first. Drawn where the rock is now, not where it formed. 6 further formations hold fewer occurrences each and are not listed. 27 occurrences have no formation on record, which is common for older literature.

Phymosoma and its relatives

Late Cretaceous

Where Phymosoma and its relatives were recorded in the Late Cretaceous.

Found in the same rock

1,128 taxa

The Paleobiology Database records 67 sites for Phymosoma, and this reads all of them. The number is how many of those sites it was catalogued from too. The 24 sharing the most are listed.

This is not a list of everything alive at the time. It is only what has come out of the same ground as this animal and been written down.

Entered from

40 references

Each of the 84 occurrences read was entered from one of these publications, ordered by how many each accounts for. This is not a search for papers mentioning the name. 28 further references are not listed. Entries link to doi.org where the Paleobiology Database holds an identifier, and to its own record where it does not. Relayed as the Paleobiology Database holds them, not checked against what they resolve to.

Media and terms

Media content2

Picture of Phymosoma

Credit
FunkMonk
Licence
CC BY-SA 3.0
Commercial use
the licence allows it

3D model

Source
Sketchfab
Licence
CC0 Public Domain
Commercial use
the licence allows it

Smithsonian Open Access and MorphoSource were not reached for this taxon, so this list is what the others held rather than everything there is.

The description on this site

Licence
CC BY-SA 4.0

This is what the site found, which is not the same as what exists.

Keep going

What may have been alongside itPhymosomatidae through timeFormations of the Late CretaceousThe world it lived on

Occurrence data from the Paleobiology Database, CC BY 4.0. Haime 1853