Carpinus

Hornbeams are hardwood trees in the plant genus Carpinus in the family Betulaceae. Its species occur across much of the temperate regions of the Northern Hemisphere.

Carpinus

MPF · CC BY-SA 3.0 · via Wikipedia/Commons. May be a photograph of a specimen, or an artist’s reconstruction — an interpretation of a skeleton, since colour and soft tissue are almost never preserved.

On record

Recorded, not inferred
Also called
hornbeamPBDB
Sits inside
BetulaceaePBDB
Diet
"photoautotroph"PBDB, for Angiospermae

Time the record covers

At least 55 million years on record.

The record covers at least 56 Mya to 11.7 ka. No occurrence read is dated outside 66 Mya to 0 Mya.

Late Cretaceous — about 0 of 179 occurrencesPaleocene — about 4 of 179 occurrencesPaleoceneEocene — about 11 of 179 occurrencesEoceneOligocene — about 27 of 179 occurrencesOligoceneMiocene — about 89 of 179 occurrencesMiocenePliocene — about 17 of 179 occurrencesPleistocene — about 24 of 179 occurrences67–65 Mya — about 0.2 occurrences65–63 Mya — about 0.4 occurrences63–61 Mya — about 0.4 occurrences61–58 Mya — about 0.9 occurrences58–56 Mya — about 2 occurrences56–54 Mya — about 0.9 occurrences54–52 Mya — about 0.8 occurrences52–49 Mya — about 0.8 occurrences49–47 Mya — about 1 occurrence47–45 Mya — about 2 occurrences45–43 Mya — about 2 occurrences43–40 Mya — about 1 occurrence40–38 Mya — about 1 occurrence38–36 Mya — about 1 occurrence36–34 Mya — about 1 occurrence34–31 Mya — about 4 occurrences31–29 Mya — about 4 occurrences29–27 Mya — about 5 occurrences27–25 Mya — about 8 occurrences25–22 Mya — about 7 occurrences22–20 Mya — about 4 occurrences20–18 Mya — about 8 occurrences18–16 Mya — about 8 occurrences16–13 Mya — about 9 occurrences13–11 Mya — about 34 occurrences11–9.0 Mya — about 9 occurrences9.0–6.7 Mya — about 9 occurrences6.7–4.5 Mya — about 11 occurrences4.5–2.2 Mya — about 16 occurrences2.2–0 Mya — about 27 occurrences56 Mya11.7 ka67 Mya0 Mya

179 occurrences of Carpinus on record, most of them in the Miocene. The Paleobiology Database records this as a living group. Bar height is expected occurrences, not a count: each fossil is spread across the span it is dated to, so a tall narrow bar means tight dating and a low wide one means loose.

When

179 occurrences

These are dates about fossils, not the animal: the record can only begin after it arose and end before it died out, so either end may reach further. Shares are expected occurrences: a fossil dated to a span is counted partly in each period it straddles. More on what this infers.

Found in

32 formations

Itahana — 36.25°N, 138.50°EItahana — 36.50°N, 139.00°EItahana — 36.25°N, 139.00°EShanwang — 36.55°N, 118.71°EOgawa — 36.42°N, 138.08°EOgawa — 36.50°N, 138.00°EMotojuku — 36.25°N, 138.75°ESeto Porcelain Clay — 35.00°N, 137.00°EAkeyo — 35.36°N, 137.18°EWoolwich — 51.38°N, 0.10°WWoolwich — 51.52°N, 0.08°WYagii — 36.08°N, 139.17°ERenova — 45.50°N, 112.50°WGuchengzi — 41.84°N, 123.90°EZhangcu — 37.08°N, 113.00°ENanlin — 25.12°N, 98.83°ESayama — 35.78°N, 139.38°EAllenby — 49.45°N, 120.57°WAllenby — 49.22°N, 119.96°WDaido — 36.67°N, 138.83°ENagaiwa — 36.00°N, 138.00°EOhoka — 36.42°N, 138.00°EYadagawa — 35.00°N, 136.00°EEifel — 50.10°N, 6.84°EOkinoyama — 34.00°N, 131.00°EHeadon Beds — 50.75°N, 1.60°WBovey Tracey Lignite — 50.58°N, 3.68°WNorwich Crag — 52.31°N, 1.40°EWulong — 30.09°N, 89.54°E

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The named rock units Carpinus has been recovered from, largest first. Drawn where the rock is now, not where it formed. 8 further formations hold fewer occurrences each and are not listed. 112 occurrences have no formation on record, which is common for older literature.

Carpinus and its relatives

Miocene

Where Carpinus and its relatives were recorded in the Miocene.

Found in the same rock

1,137 taxa

The Paleobiology Database records 75 sites for Carpinus, and this reads all of them. The number is how many of those sites it was catalogued from too. The 24 sharing the most are listed.

This is not a list of everything alive at the time. It is only what has come out of the same ground as this animal and been written down.

Entered from

41 references

Each of the 179 occurrences read was entered from one of these publications, ordered by how many each accounts for. This is not a search for papers mentioning the name. 29 further references are not listed. Entries link to doi.org where the Paleobiology Database holds an identifier, and to its own record where it does not. Relayed as the Paleobiology Database holds them, not checked against what they resolve to.

Media and terms

Media content2

Picture of Carpinus

Credit
MPF
Licence
CC BY-SA 3.0
Commercial use
the licence allows it

3D model

Source
Sketchfab
Credit
xfrog
Licence
CC Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivs
Commercial use
the licence does not allow it

Smithsonian Open Access and MorphoSource were not reached for this taxon, so this list is what the others held rather than everything there is.

The description on this site

Licence
CC BY-SA 4.0

This is what the site found, which is not the same as what exists.

Keep going

What may have been alongside itBetulaceae through timeFormations of the MioceneThe world it lived on

Occurrence data from the Paleobiology Database, CC BY 4.0. Linnaeus 1753