Batrachia

The Batrachia are a clade of amphibians that includes frogs and salamanders, but not caecilians nor the extinct allocaudates. The name Batrachia was first used by French zoologist Pierre André Latreille in 1800 to refer to frogs, but has more recently been defined in a phylogenetic sense as a node-based taxon that includes the last common ancestor of frogs and salamanders and all of its descendants. The idea that frogs and salamanders are more closely related to each other than either is to caecilians is strongly supported by morphological and molecular evidence; they are, for instance, the only vertebrates able to raise and lower their eyes. However, an alternative hypothesis exists in which salamanders and caecilians are each other's closest relatives as part of a clade called the Procera, with frogs positioned as the sister taxon of this group.

Batrachia

LiquidGhoul · Public Domain · via Wikipedia/Commons. May be a photograph of a specimen, or an artist’s reconstruction — an interpretation of a skeleton, since colour and soft tissue are almost never preserved.

On record

Recorded, not inferred
Sits inside
LissamphibiaPBDB
Diet
carnivorePBDB, for Temnospondyli
Life habit
amphibiousPBDB, for Temnospondyli
Motility
actively mobilePBDB, for Temnospondyli
Environment
brackish,freshwater,terrestrialPBDB, for Tetrapoda

Time the record covers

At least 248 million years on record.

The record covers at least 248.6 Mya to 11.7 ka. No occurrence read is dated outside 251.902 Mya to 0 Mya.

Permian — about 0 of 3981 occurrencesEarly Triassic — about 2 of 3981 occurrencesMiddle Triassic — about 0 of 3981 occurrencesLate Triassic — about 6 of 3981 occurrencesLate TriassicEarly Jurassic — about 7 of 3981 occurrencesEarly JurassicMiddle Jurassic — about 56 of 3981 occurrencesLate Jurassic — about 51 of 3981 occurrencesEarly Cretaceous — about 154 of 3981 occurrencesEarly CretaceousLate Cretaceous — about 988 of 3981 occurrencesLate CretaceousPaleocene — about 136 of 3981 occurrencesEocene — about 182 of 3981 occurrencesEoceneOligocene — about 116 of 3981 occurrencesMiocene — about 697 of 3981 occurrencesPliocene — about 282 of 3981 occurrencesPleistocene — about 1213 of 3981 occurrences257–248 Mya — about 2 occurrences248–240 Mya — about 0.5 occurrences240–231 Mya — about 2 occurrences231–223 Mya — about 2 occurrences223–214 Mya — about 1 occurrence214–206 Mya — about 1 occurrence206–197 Mya — about 0.7 occurrences197–188 Mya — about 2 occurrences188–180 Mya — about 3 occurrences180–171 Mya — about 4 occurrences171–163 Mya — about 52 occurrences163–154 Mya — about 11 occurrences154–146 Mya — about 29 occurrences146–137 Mya — about 35 occurrences137–128 Mya — about 14 occurrences128–120 Mya — about 49 occurrences120–111 Mya — about 45 occurrences111–103 Mya — about 20 occurrences103–94 Mya — about 41 occurrences94–86 Mya — about 68 occurrences86–77 Mya — about 243 occurrences77–69 Mya — about 445 occurrences69–60 Mya — about 279 occurrences60–51 Mya — about 91 occurrences51–43 Mya — about 50 occurrences43–34 Mya — about 87 occurrences34–26 Mya — about 82 occurrences26–17 Mya — about 147 occurrences17–8.6 Mya — about 438 occurrences8.6–0 Mya — about 1738 occurrences248.6 Mya11.7 ka257 Mya0 Mya

3,981 occurrences of Batrachia on record, most of them in the Pleistocene. The Paleobiology Database records this as a living group. Bar height is expected occurrences, not a count: each fossil is spread across the span it is dated to, so a tall narrow bar means tight dating and a low wide one means loose.

When

3,981 occurrences

These are dates about fossils, not the animal: the record can only begin after it arose and end before it died out, so either end may reach further. Shares are expected occurrences: a fossil dated to a span is counted partly in each period it straddles. More on what this infers.

Found in

364 formations

Hell Creek — 47.80°N, 106.10°WHell Creek — 47.68°N, 106.43°WHell Creek — 45.95°N, 103.96°WHell Creek — 46.10°N, 103.30°WHell Creek — 45.98°N, 103.75°WHell Creek — 46.14°N, 103.80°WHell Creek — 46.41°N, 103.94°WHell Creek — 46.38°N, 103.96°WHell Creek — 46.21°N, 103.77°WHell Creek — 46.46°N, 104.02°WHell Creek — 46.33°N, 103.90°WHell Creek — 47.55°N, 107.13°WHell Creek — 47.62°N, 107.32°WHell Creek — 47.52°N, 106.98°WHell Creek — 47.57°N, 107.10°WHell Creek — 47.52°N, 106.40°WHell Creek — 47.58°N, 106.30°WHell Creek — 47.55°N, 107.25°WHell Creek — 47.60°N, 106.43°WHell Creek — 47.52°N, 107.18°WHell Creek — 47.53°N, 106.92°WHell Creek — 47.07°N, 106.92°WHell Creek — 47.60°N, 107.23°WHell Creek — 46.90°N, 101.50°WHell Creek — 47.61°N, 106.90°WHell Creek — 47.60°N, 107.00°WHell Creek — 46.41°N, 103.50°WHell Creek — 47.27°N, 107.13°WHell Creek — 47.47°N, 107.37°WHell Creek — 45.05°N, 101.97°WHell Creek — 45.50°N, 103.10°WHell Creek — 45.64°N, 103.49°WHell Creek — 45.00°N, 103.19°WDinosaur Park — 50.75°N, 111.40°WDinosaur Park — 50.75°N, 111.51°WDinosaur Park — 49.12°N, 110.47°WDinosaur Park — 50.79°N, 111.62°WDinosaur Park — 50.75°N, 111.46°WDinosaur Park — 50.78°N, 111.33°WDinosaur Park — 49.96°N, 110.27°WDinosaur Park — 50.68°N, 108.09°WAlamosa — 37.37°N, 105.75°WLance — 43.30°N, 104.37°WLance — 43.12°N, 104.64°WLance — 41.57°N, 108.67°WLance — 43.18°N, 104.53°WLance — 43.15°N, 104.57°WLance — 43.13°N, 104.49°WLance — 43.25°N, 104.52°WLance — 43.80°N, 104.62°WLance — 43.25°N, 104.65°WLance — 43.00°N, 104.50°WOldman — 50.75°N, 111.51°WOldman — 49.10°N, 110.94°WOldman — 49.08°N, 110.84°WOldman — 49.08°N, 110.68°WOldman — 49.16°N, 110.72°WOldman — 50.83°N, 111.32°WFort Union — 45.20°N, 109.00°WFort Union — 45.80°N, 109.80°WFort Union — 44.91°N, 108.93°WFort Union — 44.72°N, 108.62°WFort Union — 44.72°N, 108.38°WFort Union — 44.05°N, 109.00°WFort Union — 43.85°N, 108.35°WFort Union — 46.05°N, 104.48°WFort Union — 44.30°N, 109.00°WFort Union — 44.88°N, 109.12°WFort Union — 46.90°N, 101.50°WFort Union — 46.91°N, 101.44°WFort Union — 45.40°N, 105.60°WFort Union — 44.91°N, 109.02°WFort Union — 41.92°N, 108.56°WFort Union — 47.60°N, 107.00°WFort Union — 46.33°N, 104.01°WFort Union — 46.43°N, 103.93°WFort Union — 41.30°N, 107.74°WBissekty — 42.12°N, 62.66°EBissekty — 40.70°N, 72.60°EValentine — 42.78°N, 100.03°WValentine — 42.80°N, 100.80°WValentine — 42.79°N, 100.07°WValentine — 42.49°N, 98.11°WUpper Freshwater Molasse — 47.67°N, 8.93°EUpper Freshwater Molasse — 48.44°N, 11.04°EUpper Freshwater Molasse — 48.66°N, 10.23°EUpper Freshwater Molasse — 48.63°N, 11.80°EUpper Freshwater Molasse — 48.09°N, 10.03°EUpper Freshwater Molasse — 48.17°N, 10.10°ESpilia — 41.15°N, 23.48°EMaevarano — 15.91°S, 46.58°EMaevarano — 16.12°S, 45.74°EMaevarano — 15.98°S, 46.05°EMaevarano — 16.13°S, 45.63°EKaiparowits — 37.80°N, 111.50°WKaiparowits — 37.40°N, 111.20°WKaiparowits — 37.42°N, 111.77°WKaiparowits — 37.20°N, 112.88°WMorrison — 41.89°N, 106.00°WMorrison — 38.54°N, 105.19°WMorrison — 44.46°N, 104.73°WMorrison — 40.47°N, 109.18°WMorrison — 41.98°N, 106.15°WMorrison — 39.24°N, 109.00°WMorrison — 37.63°N, 109.57°WMorrison — 40.30°N, 108.57°WOgallala — 39.08°N, 99.75°WOgallala — 35.79°N, 99.61°WOgallala — 38.90°N, 101.70°WOgallala — 39.91°N, 99.52°WAsh Hollow — 41.30°N, 101.89°WAsh Hollow — 43.40°N, 100.60°WAsh Hollow — 42.39°N, 98.13°WAsh Hollow — 42.30°N, 98.00°WAsh Hollow — 42.63°N, 100.05°WWicomico — 29.42°N, 82.22°WWicomico — 29.60°N, 82.42°Wfacies à Congeria — 45.05°N, 7.93°EIron Springs — 37.57°N, 113.43°WIron Springs — 37.80°N, 112.81°WIron Springs — 37.90°N, 112.74°WIron Springs — 37.30°N, 113.40°WIron Springs — 37.37°N, 113.35°WForest Marble — 51.87°N, 1.27°WForest Marble — 50.71°N, 2.78°WForest Marble — 50.68°N, 2.66°WForest Marble — 51.73°N, 1.98°WForest Marble — 51.51°N, 2.16°WRexroad — 37.20°N, 100.30°WRexroad — 37.13°N, 100.48°WGaverdovsky — 44.61°N, 40.03°EHorseshoe Canyon — 51.55°N, 112.87°WHorseshoe Canyon — 52.00°N, 112.88°WHorseshoe Canyon — 51.67°N, 112.91°WWahweap — 37.63°N, 112.12°WWahweap — 37.59°N, 112.88°WWahweap — 37.65°N, 112.04°WMonte Hermoso — 38.97°S, 61.70°W

Loading coastlines…

The named rock units Batrachia has been recovered from, largest first. Drawn where the rock is now, not where it formed. 340 further formations hold fewer occurrences each and are not listed. 1,713 occurrences have no formation on record, which is common for older literature.

Batrachia and its relatives

Pleistocene

Where Batrachia and its relatives were recorded in the Pleistocene.

Found in the same rock

3,488 taxa

The Paleobiology Database records at least 827 sites for Batrachia, and this reads 240 of them. The number is how many of those sites it was catalogued from too. The 24 sharing the most are listed.

This is not a list of everything alive at the time. It is only what has come out of the same ground as this animal and been written down.

Entered from

899 references

Each of the 3,981 occurrences read was entered from one of these publications, ordered by how many each accounts for. This is not a search for papers mentioning the name. 887 further references are not listed. Entries link to doi.org where the Paleobiology Database holds an identifier, and to its own record where it does not. Relayed as the Paleobiology Database holds them, not checked against what they resolve to.

Media and terms

Media content1

Picture of Batrachia

Credit
LiquidGhoul
Licence
Public Domain
Commercial use
the licence allows it

No 3D scan of Batrachia was found in MorphoSource and Sketchfab.

Smithsonian Open Access was not reached for this taxon, so this list is what the others held rather than everything there is.

The description on this site

Licence
CC BY-SA 4.0

This is what the site found, which is not the same as what exists.

Keep going

What may have been alongside itLissamphibia through timeFormations of the PleistoceneThe world it lived on

Occurrence data from the Paleobiology Database, CC BY 4.0. (Macartney 1802)