Hipparionini

Hipparionini is an extinct tribe of three-toed equids in the subfamily Equinae. They had body forms similar to modern equines, with high-crowned teeth. They first appeared in North America during the Early Miocene around 17 million years ago, before migrating into the Old World around 11.4–11.0 million years ago. The youngest species date to the end of the early Early Pleistocene, becoming extinct following the arrival of modern equines of the genus Equus to the Old World.

Hipparionini

Jonathan Chen · CC BY-SA 4.0 · via Wikipedia/Commons. May be a photograph of a specimen, or an artist’s reconstruction — an interpretation of a skeleton, since colour and soft tissue are almost never preserved.

On record

Recorded, not inferred
Also called
hipparionine horsePBDB
Sits inside
EquinaePBDB
Diet
grazer, browserPBDB, for Equinae
Life habit
ground dwellingPBDB, for Equinae
Motility
actively mobilePBDB, for Osteichthyes
Environment
terrestrialPBDB, for Eutheria

Time the record covers

At least 15 million years on record.

The record covers at least 16.3 Mya to 774 ka. No occurrence read is dated outside 23.04 Mya to 11.7 ka.

Oligocene — about 0 of 1698 occurrencesMiocene — about 1139 of 1698 occurrencesMiocenePliocene — about 315 of 1698 occurrencesPliocenePleistocene — about 244 of 1698 occurrencesPleistocene24–23 Mya — about 3 occurrences23–22 Mya — about 7 occurrences22–21 Mya — about 7 occurrences21–20 Mya — about 7 occurrences20–20 Mya — about 7 occurrences20–19 Mya — about 7 occurrences19–18 Mya — about 8 occurrences18–17 Mya — about 8 occurrences17–16 Mya — about 8 occurrences16–16 Mya — about 26 occurrences16–15 Mya — about 32 occurrences15–14 Mya — about 32 occurrences14–13 Mya — about 34 occurrences13–13 Mya — about 37 occurrences13–12 Mya — about 91 occurrences12–11 Mya — about 110 occurrences11–10 Mya — about 116 occurrences10–9.4 Mya — about 119 occurrences9.4–8.6 Mya — about 92 occurrences8.6–7.8 Mya — about 100 occurrences7.8–7.1 Mya — about 90 occurrences7.1–6.3 Mya — about 89 occurrences6.3–5.5 Mya — about 89 occurrences5.5–4.7 Mya — about 101 occurrences4.7–3.9 Mya — about 76 occurrences3.9–3.1 Mya — about 88 occurrences3.1–2.4 Mya — about 117 occurrences2.4–1.6 Mya — about 137 occurrences1.6–785 ka Mya — about 48 occurrences785 ka–0 Mya — about 10 occurrences16.3 Mya774 ka23.5 Mya0 Mya

1,698 occurrences of Hipparionini on record, most of them in the Miocene. Bar height is expected occurrences, not a count: each fossil is spread across the span it is dated to, so a tall narrow bar means tight dating and a low wide one means loose.

When

1,698 occurrences

These are dates about fossils, not the animal: the record can only begin after it arose and end before it died out, so either end may reach further. Shares are expected occurrences: a fossil dated to a span is counted partly in each period it straddles. More on what this infers.

Found in

206 formations

Ash Hollow — 42.80°N, 100.80°WAsh Hollow — 41.20°N, 101.80°WAsh Hollow — 42.39°N, 98.10°WAsh Hollow — 40.50°N, 100.50°WAsh Hollow — 42.60°N, 98.00°WAsh Hollow — 42.70°N, 100.00°WAsh Hollow — 41.30°N, 105.10°WAsh Hollow — 41.70°N, 103.10°WAsh Hollow — 43.20°N, 100.70°WAsh Hollow — 41.30°N, 101.89°WAsh Hollow — 43.40°N, 100.60°WAsh Hollow — 41.40°N, 102.40°WAsh Hollow — 42.30°N, 98.00°WAsh Hollow — 43.30°N, 102.50°WAsh Hollow — 41.10°N, 103.00°WAsh Hollow — 42.80°N, 99.70°WAsh Hollow — 42.63°N, 100.05°WShungura — 5.06°N, 36.02°EShungura — 5.15°N, 36.04°EShungura — 5.05°N, 36.01°EShungura — 5.09°N, 36.06°EValentine — 42.70°N, 100.00°WValentine — 42.49°N, 98.11°WValentine — 42.80°N, 100.80°WValentine — 42.80°N, 99.70°WValentine — 42.81°N, 100.05°WValentine — 40.02°N, 98.53°WValentine — 42.78°N, 100.03°WValentine — 40.10°N, 98.50°WValentine — 42.90°N, 98.80°WValentine — 43.20°N, 99.80°WValentine — 42.60°N, 98.00°WKoobi Fora — 3.90°N, 36.24°EKoobi Fora — 3.98°N, 36.32°EKoobi Fora — 4.22°N, 36.43°EKoobi Fora — 3.94°N, 36.25°EKoobi Fora — 4.30°N, 36.33°EKoobi Fora — 4.24°N, 36.28°EKoobi Fora — 3.78°N, 36.39°EKoobi Fora — 3.59°N, 36.24°EKoobi Fora — 4.07°N, 36.37°EKoobi Fora — 3.87°N, 36.37°EKoobi Fora — 3.75°N, 36.34°EKoobi Fora — 4.28°N, 36.24°EKoobi Fora — 4.28°N, 36.38°EKoobi Fora — 4.06°N, 36.33°EPeace River — 27.90°N, 81.80°WPeace River — 27.00°N, 82.20°WPeace River — 27.50°N, 82.50°WPeace River — 27.68°N, 81.95°WWood Mountain — 49.20°N, 106.20°WOgallala — 36.80°N, 100.50°WOgallala — 39.80°N, 99.40°WOgallala — 36.70°N, 101.40°WOgallala — 35.70°N, 102.30°WOgallala — 38.90°N, 101.70°WOgallala — 37.20°N, 99.90°WOgallala — 39.08°N, 99.77°WOgallala — 35.68°N, 99.60°WOgallala — 39.02°N, 99.52°WOgallala — 35.83°N, 99.98°WOgallala — 35.88°N, 99.85°WOgallala — 35.79°N, 99.65°WOgallala — 35.77°N, 99.57°WOgallala — 36.78°N, 100.37°WNkondo — 1.50°N, 31.00°EGoliad — 28.60°N, 97.70°WGoliad — 28.34°N, 97.96°WGoliad — 28.53°N, 97.74°WGoliad — 28.70°N, 97.39°WAlachua — 29.80°N, 82.10°WAlachua — 29.55°N, 82.52°WAlachua — 29.65°N, 82.60°WAlachua — 29.40°N, 82.60°WAlachua — 29.10°N, 82.30°WNachukui — 4.25°N, 35.79°ENachukui — 2.90°N, 36.05°ENachukui — 3.08°N, 35.83°ENachukui — 3.87°N, 35.72°ENachukui — 4.11°N, 35.73°ENachukui — 4.18°N, 35.74°ENachukui — 4.00°N, 35.73°ENachukui — 4.17°N, 35.78°ENachukui — 4.53°N, 35.92°ENachukui — 3.68°N, 35.75°ENachukui — 4.10°N, 35.77°ENachukui — 3.87°N, 35.76°EVogel River Series — 3.23°S, 36.19°EVogel River Series — 3.24°S, 35.22°EVogel River Series — 3.01°S, 35.20°EVogel River Series — 3.25°S, 35.20°EVogel River Series — 3.13°S, 35.13°EBone Valley — 27.90°N, 81.80°WBone Valley — 27.70°N, 82.50°WBone Valley — 27.50°N, 82.50°WWembere-Manonga — 3.88°S, 33.72°EWembere-Manonga — 3.92°S, 33.82°EWembere-Manonga — 3.92°S, 33.87°EWembere-Manonga — 4.03°S, 33.77°EBahe — 33.50°N, 109.50°EBahe — 34.15°N, 109.33°EFleming — 30.72°N, 95.28°WFleming — 30.61°N, 95.13°WFleming — 31.10°N, 93.10°WFleming — 30.59°N, 94.91°WFleming — 30.70°N, 94.70°WFleming — 30.50°N, 95.00°WFleming — 30.30°N, 95.70°WFleming — 31.05°N, 93.21°WStatenville — 30.40°N, 83.00°WStatenville — 30.90°N, 82.90°WVarswater — 32.98°S, 18.15°EVarswater — 33.67°S, 18.43°ERancho Viejo Beds — 21.08°N, 100.67°WRancho Viejo Beds — 21.10°N, 100.80°WRancho Viejo Beds — 21.20°N, 100.70°WRancho Viejo Beds — 21.03°N, 100.75°WRancho Viejo Beds — 21.00°N, 100.70°WSnake Creek — 42.40°N, 103.80°WCoal Valley — 38.50°N, 118.30°WDove Spring — 35.30°N, 118.50°WDove Spring — 35.37°N, 117.99°WOlduvai — 2.97°S, 35.32°EOlduvai — 2.98°S, 34.32°EOlduvai — 2.99°S, 35.42°ESagantole — 10.48°N, 40.60°ESagantole — 10.62°N, 40.58°ESagantole — 10.63°N, 40.54°ESagantole — 10.45°N, 40.45°ESagantole — 10.47°N, 40.50°E

Loading coastlines…

The named rock units Hipparionini has been recovered from, largest first. Drawn where the rock is now, not where it formed. 182 further formations hold fewer occurrences each and are not listed. 580 occurrences have no formation on record, which is common for older literature.

Hipparionini and its relatives

Miocene

Where Hipparionini and its relatives were recorded in the Miocene.

Found in the same rock

1,057 taxa

The Paleobiology Database records 1,230 sites for Hipparionini, and this reads 240 of them. The number is how many of those sites it was catalogued from too. The 24 sharing the most are listed.

This is not a list of everything alive at the time. It is only what has come out of the same ground as this animal and been written down.

Entered from

458 references

Each of the 1,698 occurrences read was entered from one of these publications, ordered by how many each accounts for. This is not a search for papers mentioning the name. 446 further references are not listed. Entries link to doi.org where the Paleobiology Database holds an identifier, and to its own record where it does not. Relayed as the Paleobiology Database holds them, not checked against what they resolve to.

Media and terms

Media content1

Picture of Hipparionini

Credit
Jonathan Chen
Licence
CC BY-SA 4.0
Commercial use
the licence allows it

No 3D scan was found. Smithsonian Open Access, MorphoSource and Sketchfab were all searched.

The description on this site

Licence
CC BY-SA 4.0

This is what the site found, which is not the same as what exists.

Keep going

What may have been alongside itEquinae through timeFormations of the MioceneThe world it lived on

Occurrence data from the Paleobiology Database, CC BY 4.0. Quinn 1955