Haramiyida

Haramiyida is a possibly paraphyletic order of mammaliaform cynodonts or mammals of controversial taxonomic affinites. Their teeth, which are by far the most common remains, resemble those of the multituberculates. However, based on Haramiyavia, the jaw is less derived; and at the level of evolution of earlier basal mammals like Morganucodon and Kuehneotherium, with a groove for ear ossicles on the dentary. Some authors have placed them in a clade with Multituberculata dubbed Allotheria within Mammalia. Other studies have disputed this and suggested the Haramiyida were not crown group mammals, but were part of an earlier offshoot of Mammaliaformes instead, either closely related or unrelated to Multituberculates. It is also disputed whether the Late Triassic species are closely related to the Jurassic and Cretaceous members belonging to Euharamiyida/Eleutherodontida, as some phylogenetic studies recover the two groups as unrelated, recovering the Triassic haramiyidians as non-mammalian cynodonts, while recovering the Euharamiyida as crown-group mammals closely related to multituberculates.

Haramiyida

Zhe-Xi Luo, Illustration by April Neander · CC BY 4.0 · via Wikipedia/Commons. May be a photograph of a specimen, or an artist’s reconstruction — an interpretation of a skeleton, since colour and soft tissue are almost never preserved.

On record

Recorded, not inferred
Sits inside
MammaliaformesPBDB
Diet
insectivorePBDB, for Mammaliaformes
Life habit
scansorialPBDB, for Mammaliaformes
Motility
actively mobilePBDB, for Osteichthyes
Environment
terrestrialPBDB, for Amniota

Time the record covers

At least 33 million years on record.

The record covers at least 201.4 Mya to 168.2 Mya. No occurrence read is dated outside 227.3 Mya to 165.3 Mya.

Late Triassic — about 34 of 39 occurrencesLate TriassicEarly Jurassic — about 3 of 39 occurrencesEarly JurassicMiddle Jurassic — about 2 of 39 occurrencesMiddle Jurassic229–226 Mya — about 0.0 occurrences226–224 Mya — about 0.1 occurrences224–222 Mya — about 0.1 occurrences222–220 Mya — about 0.1 occurrences220–218 Mya — about 0.1 occurrences218–216 Mya — about 0.1 occurrences216–213 Mya — about 0.1 occurrences213–211 Mya — about 0.1 occurrences211–209 Mya — about 0.1 occurrences209–207 Mya — about 0.1 occurrences207–205 Mya — about 6 occurrences205–203 Mya — about 17 occurrences203–201 Mya — about 11 occurrences201–198 Mya — about 0.6 occurrences198–196 Mya — about 0.6 occurrences196–194 Mya — about 0.6 occurrences194–192 Mya — about 0.4 occurrences192–190 Mya — about 0.1 occurrences190–188 Mya — about 0.1 occurrences188–186 Mya — about 0.1 occurrences186–183 Mya — about 0.1 occurrences168–166 Mya — about 1 occurrence166–164 Mya — about 0.6 occurrences201.4 Mya168.2 Mya229 Mya164 Mya

39 occurrences of Haramiyida on record. Bar height is expected occurrences, not a count: each fossil is spread across the span it is dated to, so a tall narrow bar means tight dating and a low wide one means loose.

When

39 occurrences

These are dates about fossils, not the animal: the record can only begin after it arose and end before it died out, so either end may reach further. Shares are expected occurrences: a fossil dated to a span is counted partly in each period it straddles. More on what this infers.

Found in

12 formations

Exter — 48.67°N, 9.14°EExter — 48.56°N, 9.07°EKlettgau — 47.71°N, 8.45°EGrès à Avicula contorta — 48.62°N, 6.33°ESables de Mortinsart — 49.71°N, 5.62°EGrès de Mortinsart — 49.71°N, 5.62°EGrès de Mortinsart — 49.75°N, 5.79°ETrossingen — 51.90°N, 11.07°EKayenta — 35.76°N, 111.08°WGrès de Boisset — 46.91°N, 5.90°EBlue Anchor — 51.18°N, 3.38°WFleming Fjord — 71.55°N, 22.92°WForest Marble — 51.87°N, 1.27°WWhite Limestone — 51.75°N, 1.17°W

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The named rock units Haramiyida has been recovered from, largest first. Drawn where the rock is now, not where it formed. 9 occurrences have no formation on record, which is common for older literature.

Found in the same rock

272 taxa

The Paleobiology Database records 20 sites for Haramiyida, and this reads all of them. The number is how many of those sites it was catalogued from too. The 24 sharing the most are listed.

This is not a list of everything alive at the time. It is only what has come out of the same ground as this animal and been written down.

Entered from

19 references

Each of the 39 occurrences read was entered from one of these publications, ordered by how many each accounts for. This is not a search for papers mentioning the name. 7 further references are not listed. Entries link to doi.org where the Paleobiology Database holds an identifier, and to its own record where it does not. Relayed as the Paleobiology Database holds them, not checked against what they resolve to.

Media and terms

Media content1

Picture of Haramiyida

Credit
Zhe-Xi Luo, Illustration by April Neander
Licence
CC BY 4.0
Commercial use
the licence allows it

No 3D scan of Haramiyida was found in Sketchfab.

Smithsonian Open Access and MorphoSource were not reached for this taxon, so this list is what the others held rather than everything there is.

The description on this site

Licence
CC BY-SA 4.0

This is what the site found, which is not the same as what exists.

Keep going

What may have been alongside itMammaliaformes through timeThe world it lived on

Occurrence data from the Paleobiology Database, CC BY 4.0. (Hahn 1989)