Ankylopollexia

Ankylopollexia is an extinct clade of ornithischian dinosaurs that lived from the Late Jurassic to the Late Cretaceous. It is a derived clade of iguanodontian ornithopods and contains the subgroup Styracosterna. The name stems from the Greek word, "ankylos", mistakenly taken to mean stiff, fused, and the Latin word, "pollex", meaning thumb. Originally described in 1986 by Sereno, a most likely synapomorphic feature of a conical thumb spine defines the clade.

Ankylopollexia

Laika ac N.Cayla Ghedoghedo Public domain (uploaded by Daderot ) Ivan Radic Laika ac · CC BY-SA 4.0 · via Wikipedia/Commons. May be a photograph of a specimen, or an artist’s reconstruction — an interpretation of a skeleton, since colour and soft tissue are almost never preserved.

On record

Recorded, not inferred
Sits inside
DryomorphaPBDB
Diet
herbivorePBDB, for Ornithopoda
Life habit
ground dwelling, gregariousPBDB, for Ornithischia
Motility
actively mobilePBDB, for Ornithischia
Environment
terrestrialPBDB, for Ornithischia

Time the record covers

At least 102 million years on record.

The record covers at least 174.7 Mya to 72.2 Mya. No occurrence read is dated outside 201.4 Mya to 61.66 Mya.

Late Triassic — about 0 of 2341 occurrencesEarly Jurassic — about 1 of 2341 occurrencesEarly JurassicMiddle Jurassic — about 3 of 2341 occurrencesMiddle JurassicLate Jurassic — about 65 of 2341 occurrencesLate JurassicEarly Cretaceous — about 363 of 2341 occurrencesEarly CretaceousLate Cretaceous — about 1908 of 2341 occurrencesLate CretaceousPaleocene — about 1 of 2341 occurrences204–199 Mya — about 0.1 occurrences199–195 Mya — about 0.2 occurrences195–190 Mya — about 0.2 occurrences190–185 Mya — about 0.2 occurrences185–180 Mya — about 0.2 occurrences180–175 Mya — about 0.2 occurrences175–170 Mya — about 0.8 occurrences170–165 Mya — about 1 occurrence165–161 Mya — about 1 occurrence161–156 Mya — about 2 occurrences156–151 Mya — about 18 occurrences151–146 Mya — about 29 occurrences146–141 Mya — about 22 occurrences141–136 Mya — about 45 occurrences136–132 Mya — about 60 occurrences132–127 Mya — about 34 occurrences127–122 Mya — about 106 occurrences122–117 Mya — about 46 occurrences117–112 Mya — about 25 occurrences112–107 Mya — about 18 occurrences107–102 Mya — about 16 occurrences102–98 Mya — about 37 occurrences98–93 Mya — about 53 occurrences93–88 Mya — about 60 occurrences88–83 Mya — about 138 occurrences83–78 Mya — about 441 occurrences78–73 Mya — about 441 occurrences73–69 Mya — about 483 occurrences69–64 Mya — about 262 occurrences64–59 Mya — about 0.4 occurrences174.7 Mya72.2 Mya204 Mya59 Mya

2,341 occurrences of Ankylopollexia on record, most of them in the Late Cretaceous. Bar height is expected occurrences, not a count: each fossil is spread across the span it is dated to, so a tall narrow bar means tight dating and a low wide one means loose.

When

2,341 occurrences

These are dates about fossils, not the animal: the record can only begin after it arose and end before it died out, so either end may reach further. Shares are expected occurrences: a fossil dated to a span is counted partly in each period it straddles. More on what this infers.

Found in

336 formations

Dinosaur Park — 50.75°N, 111.46°WDinosaur Park — 50.73°N, 111.53°WDinosaur Park — 50.75°N, 111.40°WDinosaur Park — 50.78°N, 111.33°WDinosaur Park — 49.12°N, 110.47°WDinosaur Park — 50.82°N, 111.57°WDinosaur Park — 50.69°N, 111.62°WDinosaur Park — 50.75°N, 111.44°WDinosaur Park — 50.57°N, 111.51°WDinosaur Park — 49.45°N, 110.82°WDinosaur Park — 51.44°N, 110.39°WDinosaur Park — 51.47°N, 110.39°WDinosaur Park — 52.45°N, 109.17°WDinosaur Park — 49.35°N, 110.56°WDinosaur Park — 50.60°N, 111.62°WDinosaur Park — 48.03°N, 110.24°WDinosaur Park — 50.68°N, 108.09°WDinosaur Park — 49.94°N, 110.28°WDinosaur Park — 50.40°N, 111.10°WHell Creek — 47.70°N, 106.23°WHell Creek — 47.68°N, 106.43°WHell Creek — 45.14°N, 102.50°WHell Creek — 45.95°N, 103.96°WHell Creek — 46.10°N, 103.30°WHell Creek — 45.98°N, 103.75°WHell Creek — 46.18°N, 103.84°WHell Creek — 46.41°N, 103.94°WHell Creek — 46.38°N, 103.96°WHell Creek — 46.46°N, 104.02°WHell Creek — 46.33°N, 103.90°WHell Creek — 45.94°N, 103.95°WHell Creek — 47.80°N, 106.10°WHell Creek — 45.53°N, 101.63°WHell Creek — 47.55°N, 107.13°WHell Creek — 48.06°N, 105.40°WHell Creek — 47.52°N, 106.98°WHell Creek — 47.57°N, 107.10°WHell Creek — 47.52°N, 106.40°WHell Creek — 47.58°N, 106.30°WHell Creek — 47.55°N, 107.25°WHell Creek — 47.60°N, 106.43°WHell Creek — 47.07°N, 106.92°WHell Creek — 47.87°N, 106.18°WHell Creek — 47.64°N, 106.70°WHell Creek — 46.90°N, 101.50°WHell Creek — 47.54°N, 107.17°WHell Creek — 47.57°N, 106.76°WHell Creek — 47.60°N, 107.00°WHell Creek — 46.09°N, 100.63°WHell Creek — 47.75°N, 106.20°WHell Creek — 45.06°N, 103.45°WHell Creek — 46.38°N, 106.80°WHell Creek — 47.61°N, 106.90°WHell Creek — 45.38°N, 105.30°WHell Creek — 46.41°N, 103.50°WHell Creek — 47.66°N, 107.34°WHell Creek — 46.50°N, 103.87°WHell Creek — 46.24°N, 107.38°WHell Creek — 47.64°N, 106.57°WHell Creek — 47.34°N, 108.22°WHell Creek — 45.05°N, 101.97°WHell Creek — 45.66°N, 105.08°WHell Creek — 45.64°N, 103.49°WHell Creek — 47.52°N, 106.90°WHell Creek — 45.05°N, 102.19°WHell Creek — 45.00°N, 103.19°WHell Creek — 47.19°N, 104.97°WHell Creek — 47.10°N, 104.65°WKirtland — 36.27°N, 108.17°WKirtland — 36.34°N, 108.08°WKirtland — 36.10°N, 108.09°WKirtland — 36.50°N, 108.08°WKirtland — 36.18°N, 107.89°WKirtland — 36.37°N, 108.26°WKirtland — 36.17°N, 107.80°WKirtland — 36.31°N, 108.05°WKirtland — 36.14°N, 107.80°WKirtland — 36.39°N, 108.07°WKirtland — 36.52°N, 108.41°WKirtland — 36.49°N, 108.32°WKirtland — 36.20°N, 108.10°WKirtland — 36.29°N, 108.54°WFruitland/Kirtland — 36.29°N, 108.10°WFruitland/Kirtland — 36.27°N, 108.17°WFruitland/Kirtland — 36.22°N, 108.07°WFruitland/Kirtland — 36.06°N, 107.96°WFruitland/Kirtland — 36.33°N, 108.05°WFruitland/Kirtland — 36.28°N, 108.26°WFruitland/Kirtland — 36.02°N, 107.64°WFruitland/Kirtland — 36.15°N, 107.83°WFruitland/Kirtland — 35.91°N, 106.54°WFruitland/Kirtland — 36.17°N, 107.96°WFruitland/Kirtland — 36.23°N, 107.94°WFruitland/Kirtland — 36.02°N, 107.80°WFruitland/Kirtland — 35.90°N, 107.46°WFruitland/Kirtland — 36.24°N, 108.19°WFruitland/Kirtland — 36.14°N, 108.11°WFruitland/Kirtland — 35.92°N, 107.39°WFruitland/Kirtland — 36.84°N, 107.77°WTwo Medicine — 47.82°N, 112.66°WTwo Medicine — 48.63°N, 113.75°WTwo Medicine — 48.48°N, 112.70°WTwo Medicine — 48.91°N, 112.64°WTwo Medicine — 48.97°N, 112.65°WTwo Medicine — 48.65°N, 112.97°WTwo Medicine — 47.77°N, 112.29°WTwo Medicine — 47.81°N, 112.18°WTwo Medicine — 48.48°N, 112.58°WTwo Medicine — 48.46°N, 112.47°WTwo Medicine — 47.63°N, 112.58°WTwo Medicine — 48.74°N, 112.73°WTwo Medicine — 48.30°N, 112.34°WTwo Medicine — 48.94°N, 112.65°WTwo Medicine — 47.99°N, 112.28°WTwo Medicine — 47.71°N, 112.22°WTwo Medicine — 47.72°N, 112.33°WTwo Medicine — 48.61°N, 109.68°WTwo Medicine — 48.35°N, 112.65°WTwo Medicine — 48.46°N, 112.07°WTwo Medicine — 47.82°N, 112.50°WTwo Medicine — 48.48°N, 112.43°WTwo Medicine — 47.81°N, 112.42°WTwo Medicine — 48.21°N, 112.60°WCerro del Pueblo — 26.12°N, 101.12°WCerro del Pueblo — 25.47°N, 101.70°WCerro del Pueblo — 25.47°N, 101.42°WCerro del Pueblo — 25.51°N, 101.34°WCerro del Pueblo — 25.50°N, 101.75°WCerro del Pueblo — 25.70°N, 101.40°WCerro del Pueblo — 25.67°N, 101.30°WCerro del Pueblo — 25.93°N, 101.22°WCerro del Pueblo — 25.38°N, 101.47°WCerro del Pueblo — 25.62°N, 101.05°WCerro del Pueblo — 25.45°N, 101.68°WCerro del Pueblo — 25.57°N, 101.33°WCerro del Pueblo — 25.50°N, 102.35°WCerro del Pueblo — 26.18°N, 101.28°WCerro del Pueblo — 25.51°N, 102.18°WCerro del Pueblo — 25.55°N, 101.41°WCerro del Pueblo — 25.43°N, 101.29°WConques — 42.16°N, 1.06°WConques — 42.27°N, 0.73°EConques — 42.16°N, 1.05°EConques — 42.15°N, 1.00°EConques — 42.12°N, 1.05°WConques — 42.16°N, 1.00°EConques — 42.15°N, 1.01°WConques — 42.15°N, 1.06°EConques — 42.13°N, 0.92°EConques — 42.32°N, 0.57°EConques — 42.35°N, 0.52°EConques — 42.38°N, 0.39°ELance — 43.35°N, 104.48°WLance — 43.49°N, 104.46°WLance — 43.30°N, 104.37°WLance — 41.57°N, 108.67°WLance — 42.58°N, 105.39°WLance — 43.17°N, 104.91°WLance — 43.27°N, 104.59°WLance — 44.09°N, 109.18°WLance — 43.18°N, 104.53°WLance — 37.58°N, 111.83°WLance — 45.93°N, 103.92°WLance — 43.15°N, 104.57°WLance — 43.12°N, 104.64°WLance — 45.75°N, 101.20°WLance — 43.49°N, 104.61°WLance — 45.04°N, 108.80°WLance — 45.67°N, 101.48°WLance — 43.00°N, 104.50°WLance — 43.27°N, 104.65°WLance — 42.97°N, 105.53°WLance — 43.44°N, 104.41°WLance — 45.67°N, 101.39°WLance — 45.10°N, 104.92°WLance — 45.48°N, 104.19°WLance — 45.33°N, 103.98°WLance — 45.35°N, 105.24°WLance — 45.43°N, 103.38°WLance — 45.52°N, 103.50°WLance — 45.60°N, 103.63°WLance — 45.41°N, 103.72°WLance — 45.34°N, 103.72°WLance — 42.09°N, 106.88°WLance — 44.61°N, 107.98°WLance — 41.91°N, 104.20°WLance — 41.73°N, 104.37°WLance — 42.88°N, 105.85°WLance — 45.46°N, 103.84°WAguja — 29.14°N, 103.20°WAguja — 29.20°N, 103.55°WAguja — 29.32°N, 103.52°WAguja — 29.20°N, 103.20°WAguja — 29.29°N, 103.55°WAguja — 29.57°N, 102.95°WAguja — 29.45°N, 103.20°WAguja — 29.09°N, 103.13°WAguja — 29.41°N, 103.09°WAguja — 29.45°N, 103.35°WAguja — 29.16°N, 103.03°WAguja — 29.41°N, 103.30°WOldman — 50.77°N, 111.53°WOldman — 49.10°N, 110.94°WOldman — 49.08°N, 110.84°WOldman — 49.08°N, 110.68°WOldman — 49.16°N, 110.72°WOldman — 50.83°N, 111.32°WOldman — 50.60°N, 111.62°WOldman — 49.28°N, 112.58°WOldman — 49.14°N, 112.58°WOldman — 49.28°N, 112.20°WOldman — 50.71°N, 110.13°WOldman — 50.64°N, 110.91°WOldman — 50.75°N, 111.41°WOldman — 50.86°N, 111.14°WOldman — 49.07°N, 110.45°WOldman — 50.81°N, 111.61°WOldman — 50.69°N, 111.62°WOldman — 49.03°N, 110.66°WJudith River — 48.95°N, 110.62°WJudith River — 47.74°N, 109.62°WJudith River — 47.81°N, 109.59°WJudith River — 48.92°N, 110.58°WJudith River — 46.47°N, 109.30°WJudith River — 46.46°N, 109.41°WJudith River — 46.10°N, 109.10°WJudith River — 46.40°N, 109.66°WJudith River — 47.77°N, 108.95°WJudith River — 46.24°N, 109.59°WJudith River — 48.57°N, 109.99°WJudith River — 48.56°N, 107.78°WJudith River — 48.60°N, 107.90°WJudith River — 48.01°N, 108.91°WJudith River — 48.66°N, 110.11°WJudith River — 45.82°N, 111.63°WJudith River — 47.94°N, 109.67°WJudith River — 45.33°N, 104.03°WJudith River — 46.28°N, 109.51°WJudith River — 46.29°N, 109.32°WJudith River — 45.52°N, 104.47°WJudith River — 46.76°N, 108.00°WJudith River — 48.57°N, 107.74°WJudith River — 43.64°N, 109.35°WJudith River — 49.00°N, 110.54°WJudith River — 47.90°N, 109.00°WJudith River — 47.60°N, 109.46°WJudith River — 48.54°N, 109.67°WJudith River — 47.26°N, 109.59°WJudith River — 48.83°N, 110.13°WJudith River — 48.98°N, 110.19°WJudith River — 48.66°N, 109.94°WJudith River — 48.89°N, 110.22°WNemegt — 43.60°N, 100.46°ENemegt — 43.53°N, 101.04°ENemegt — 43.49°N, 101.28°ENemegt — 43.87°N, 100.01°ENemegt — 43.85°N, 100.48°ENemegt — 43.82°N, 99.98°ENemegt — 43.87°N, 100.13°ENemegt — 43.47°N, 99.83°ENemegt — 43.50°N, 101.05°ENemegt — 44.07°N, 102.67°ENemegt — 43.48°N, 100.36°ENemegt — 43.48°N, 100.46°ENemegt — 43.86°N, 100.23°ENemegt — 43.44°N, 100.37°ENemegt — 43.61°N, 100.57°ENemegt — 43.58°N, 107.69°ENemegt — 43.99°N, 101.28°EHorseshoe Canyon — 51.55°N, 112.87°WHorseshoe Canyon — 51.91°N, 113.01°WHorseshoe Canyon — 51.65°N, 112.91°WHorseshoe Canyon — 51.38°N, 112.52°WHorseshoe Canyon — 51.82°N, 112.98°WHorseshoe Canyon — 51.75°N, 112.96°WHorseshoe Canyon — 53.45°N, 113.55°WHorseshoe Canyon — 52.00°N, 112.88°WHorseshoe Canyon — 51.46°N, 112.67°WHorseshoe Canyon — 53.34°N, 113.89°WHorseshoe Canyon — 49.95°N, 113.04°WHorseshoe Canyon — 51.63°N, 112.93°WHorseshoe Canyon — 53.25°N, 113.83°WMorrison — 43.63°N, 108.20°WMorrison — 40.42°N, 109.21°WMorrison — 43.43°N, 103.69°WMorrison — 41.91°N, 105.96°WMorrison — 38.54°N, 105.22°WMorrison — 44.54°N, 107.78°WMorrison — 38.73°N, 111.27°WMorrison — 38.58°N, 108.40°WMorrison — 36.90°N, 102.83°WMorrison — 36.93°N, 102.97°WMorrison — 41.97°N, 106.29°WMorrison — 40.44°N, 109.32°WMorrison — 41.98°N, 106.15°WMorrison — 39.20°N, 109.04°WMorrison — 41.88°N, 106.08°WMorrison — 40.50°N, 109.17°WMorrison — 44.09°N, 106.78°WMorrison — 38.71°N, 109.74°WMorrison — 42.02°N, 106.05°WMorrison — 44.05°N, 107.46°WMorrison — 39.32°N, 110.69°WMorrison — 37.53°N, 103.68°WMorrison — 42.20°N, 105.86°WMorrison — 39.01°N, 111.02°WMorrison — 42.04°N, 106.39°WMorrison — 44.66°N, 107.85°WMorrison — 41.91°N, 105.95°WMorrison — 46.87°N, 108.79°WBaynshire — 43.94°N, 101.33°EBaynshire — 44.44°N, 110.23°EBaynshire — 44.34°N, 109.86°EBaynshire — 43.50°N, 107.76°EBaynshire — 44.18°N, 102.79°EBaynshire — 44.31°N, 109.32°EBaynshire — 44.36°N, 109.35°EBaynshire — 43.56°N, 107.91°EBaynshire — 45.12°N, 110.84°EBaynshire — 44.41°N, 109.84°EBaynshire — 43.49°N, 107.73°EBaynshire — 43.46°N, 107.49°EBaynshire — 43.14°N, 107.52°ECedar Mountain — 38.80°N, 111.17°WCedar Mountain — 38.78°N, 109.71°WCedar Mountain — 38.94°N, 111.07°WCedar Mountain — 39.16°N, 110.86°WCedar Mountain — 39.05°N, 111.04°WCedar Mountain — 32.83°N, 109.57°WCedar Mountain — 39.00°N, 111.00°WCedar Mountain — 38.72°N, 109.69°WCedar Mountain — 39.18°N, 110.11°WCedar Mountain — 38.69°N, 111.26°WCedar Mountain — 38.90°N, 109.55°WCedar Mountain — 38.73°N, 109.59°WCedar Mountain — 38.91°N, 110.11°WCedar Mountain — 38.83°N, 109.47°WCedar Mountain — 38.64°N, 111.37°WCedar Mountain — 38.72°N, 111.21°WCedar Mountain — 38.69°N, 111.06°WCedar Mountain — 38.64°N, 111.27°WJingangkou — 36.89°N, 120.66°EJingangkou — 36.60°N, 120.77°EFruitland — 36.49°N, 108.51°WFruitland — 36.26°N, 108.17°WFruitland — 36.25°N, 108.06°WFruitland — 35.95°N, 108.00°WFruitland — 36.21°N, 105.64°WFruitland — 36.27°N, 108.26°WFruitland — 37.86°N, 110.10°WFruitland — 36.22°N, 108.07°WFruitland — 36.00°N, 107.00°WFruitland — 36.63°N, 108.48°WFruitland — 36.70°N, 108.42°WFruitland — 36.12°N, 107.78°WFruitland — 36.29°N, 108.55°WFruitland — 36.51°N, 108.32°WArcillas de Morella — 40.61°N, 0.11°WArcillas de Morella — 40.49°N, 0.42°EArcillas de Morella — 40.58°N, 0.22°WArcillas de Morella — 40.53°N, 0.29°WWessex — 50.64°N, 1.41°WWessex — 50.67°N, 1.13°WWessex — 50.65°N, 1.46°WAguja — 28.94°N, 103.37°WAguja — 28.92°N, 103.34°WAguja — 28.83°N, 103.30°WAguja — 28.62°N, 103.45°WAguja — 28.99°N, 103.31°WAguja — 29.00°N, 103.82°WAguja — 28.98°N, 103.38°WAguja — 28.77°N, 103.44°WAguja — 29.37°N, 104.27°WWahweap — 37.59°N, 112.90°WWahweap — 37.63°N, 112.12°WWahweap — 37.45°N, 111.53°WWahweap — 37.56°N, 111.71°WWahweap — 37.60°N, 111.61°WWahweap — 37.60°N, 111.90°WWahweap — 37.20°N, 111.61°WWahweap — 37.22°N, 111.53°WWahweap — 37.29°N, 111.58°WWahweap — 37.45°N, 111.82°WWahweap — 37.60°N, 111.35°WWahweap — 37.23°N, 111.68°WWeald Clay — 51.13°N, 0.35°WWeald Clay — 50.91°N, 0.49°EWeald Clay — 50.87°N, 0.56°EWeald Clay — 50.60°N, 1.95°WWeald Clay — 50.66°N, 2.46°WWeald Clay — 51.00°N, 0.80°WWeald Clay — 52.72°N, 1.44°WWeald Clay — 50.98°N, 0.20°WWeald Clay — 51.07°N, 0.39°WLa Posa — 42.17°N, 0.90°ELa Posa — 42.27°N, 0.73°ELa Posa — 42.08°N, 0.80°ELa Posa — 42.32°N, 0.58°ELa Posa — 42.35°N, 0.52°E

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The named rock units Ankylopollexia has been recovered from, largest first. Drawn where the rock is now, not where it formed. 312 further formations hold fewer occurrences each and are not listed. 184 occurrences have no formation on record, which is common for older literature.

Ankylopollexia and its relatives

Late Cretaceous

Where Ankylopollexia and its relatives were recorded in the Late Cretaceous.

Found in the same rock

1,201 taxa

The Paleobiology Database records at least 1,800 sites for Ankylopollexia, and this reads 240 of them. The number is how many of those sites it was catalogued from too. The 24 sharing the most are listed.

This is not a list of everything alive at the time. It is only what has come out of the same ground as this animal and been written down.

Entered from

929 references

Each of the 2,341 occurrences read was entered from one of these publications, ordered by how many each accounts for. This is not a search for papers mentioning the name. 917 further references are not listed. Entries link to doi.org where the Paleobiology Database holds an identifier, and to its own record where it does not. Relayed as the Paleobiology Database holds them, not checked against what they resolve to.

Media and terms

Media content1

Picture of Ankylopollexia

Credit
Laika ac N.Cayla Ghedoghedo Public domain (uploaded by Daderot ) Ivan Radic Laika ac
Licence
CC BY-SA 4.0
Commercial use
the licence allows it

No 3D scan of Ankylopollexia was found in Sketchfab.

Smithsonian Open Access and MorphoSource were not reached for this taxon, so this list is what the others held rather than everything there is.

The description on this site

Licence
CC BY-SA 4.0

This is what the site found, which is not the same as what exists.

Keep going

What may have been alongside itDryomorpha through timeFormations of the Late CretaceousThe world it lived on

Occurrence data from the Paleobiology Database, CC BY 4.0. (Sereno 1986)