Xenodiscus

Xenodiscus is an extinct genus of ammonoid cephalopod and one of the earliest known ceratites, found in the Upper Permian of northern India and Timor. Xenodiscus is included in the family Xenodiscidae which is part of the ceratite superfamily Xenodiscaceae.

Xenodiscus

Ghedoghedo · CC BY-SA 3.0 · via Wikipedia/Commons. May be a photograph of a specimen, or an artist’s reconstruction — an interpretation of a skeleton, since colour and soft tissue are almost never preserved.

On record

Recorded, not inferred
Sits inside
XenodiscidaePBDB
Diet
carnivorePBDB, for Ceratitida
Life habit
nektonicPBDB, for Ceratitida
Motility
actively mobilePBDB, for Ceratitida
Vision
well-developedPBDB, for Cephalopoda
Environment
marinePBDB, for Cephalopoda

Time the record covers

At least 15 million years on record.

The record covers at least 264.28 Mya to 248.6 Mya. No occurrence read is dated outside 266.9 Mya to 247 Mya.

Permian — about 94 of 107 occurrencesPermianEarly Triassic — about 13 of 107 occurrencesEarly TriassicMiddle Triassic — about 0 of 107 occurrences267–267 Mya — about 0.1 occurrences267–266 Mya — about 0.3 occurrences266–265 Mya — about 0.3 occurrences265–265 Mya — about 0.3 occurrences265–264 Mya — about 0.1 occurrences260–260 Mya — about 0.9 occurrences260–259 Mya — about 5 occurrences259–258 Mya — about 5 occurrences258–258 Mya — about 5 occurrences258–257 Mya — about 5 occurrences257–256 Mya — about 5 occurrences256–256 Mya — about 5 occurrences256–255 Mya — about 5 occurrences255–254 Mya — about 5 occurrences254–253 Mya — about 16 occurrences253–253 Mya — about 16 occurrences253–252 Mya — about 16 occurrences252–251 Mya — about 8 occurrences251–251 Mya — about 3 occurrences251–250 Mya — about 1 occurrence250–249 Mya — about 1 occurrence249–249 Mya — about 1 occurrence249–248 Mya — about 1 occurrence248–247 Mya — about 1 occurrence247–247 Mya — about 0.3 occurrences264.28 Mya248.6 Mya267.4 Mya246.5 Mya

107 occurrences of Xenodiscus on record, most of them in the Permian. Bar height is expected occurrences, not a count: each fossil is spread across the span it is dated to, so a tall narrow bar means tight dating and a low wide one means loose.

When

107 occurrences

These are dates about fossils, not the animal: the record can only begin after it arose and end before it died out, so either end may reach further. Shares are expected occurrences: a fossil dated to a span is counted partly in each period it straddles. More on what this infers.

Found in

29 formations

Wargal — 32.43°N, 72.28°EWargal — 32.48°N, 72.27°EWargal — 32.45°N, 71.95°EWargal — 32.55°N, 71.77°ELyudyanza — 43.13°N, 133.24°EChhidru — 32.55°N, 71.78°EChhidru — 32.40°N, 72.15°EChhidru — 32.50°N, 72.20°EChhidru — 32.47°N, 71.97°EUrushten — 43.96°N, 40.73°EUrushten — 43.90°N, 40.72°EDalong — 32.62°N, 105.86°EDalong — 32.11°N, 118.81°EDalong — 22.37°N, 107.71°EDalong — 25.26°N, 117.17°EDalong — 26.67°N, 106.23°EAkhura — 39.56°N, 45.21°EAkhura — 38.97°N, 45.53°ETiefoshan — 32.99°N, 107.92°ETiefoshan — 32.62°N, 105.86°EElikah — 30.89°N, 53.21°EZewan — 34.00°N, 75.00°EZewan — 34.09°N, 74.98°ELa Colorada — 26.36°N, 102.91°WCaoxian — 31.64°N, 117.85°EThaynes — 42.69°N, 111.47°WHambast — 30.91°N, 53.22°ELower Sakamena — 13.45°S, 48.97°EYanshi — 26.02°N, 117.21°EYanshi — 25.26°N, 117.17°EAli Bashi — 38.97°N, 45.53°EGungri — 32.22°N, 77.96°EHuai Tak — 18.70°N, 99.89°EToyoma — 38.81°N, 141.37°EConglomerate Mesa — 36.58°N, 117.85°WSurmaq — 31.05°N, 52.88°ENarabara — 35.37°N, 135.18°EQuxia — 29.15°N, 88.00°EJulfa — 38.94°N, 45.51°E

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The named rock units Xenodiscus has been recovered from, largest first. Drawn where the rock is now, not where it formed. 5 further formations hold fewer occurrences each and are not listed. 11 occurrences have no formation on record, which is common for older literature.

Xenodiscus and its relatives

Permian

Where Xenodiscus and its relatives were recorded in the Permian.

Found in the same rock

742 taxa

The Paleobiology Database records 95 sites for Xenodiscus, and this reads all of them. The number is how many of those sites it was catalogued from too. The 24 sharing the most are listed.

This is not a list of everything alive at the time. It is only what has come out of the same ground as this animal and been written down.

Entered from

36 references

Each of the 107 occurrences read was entered from one of these publications, ordered by how many each accounts for. This is not a search for papers mentioning the name. 23 further references are not listed. Entries link to doi.org where the Paleobiology Database holds an identifier, and to its own record where it does not. Relayed as the Paleobiology Database holds them, not checked against what they resolve to.

Media and terms

Media content1

Picture of Xenodiscus

Credit
Ghedoghedo
Licence
CC BY-SA 3.0
Commercial use
the licence allows it

No 3D scan of Xenodiscus was found in Sketchfab.

Smithsonian Open Access and MorphoSource were not reached for this taxon, so this list is what the others held rather than everything there is.

The description on this site

Licence
CC BY-SA 4.0

This is what the site found, which is not the same as what exists.

Keep going

What may have been alongside itXenodiscidae through timeFormations of the PermianThe world it lived on

Occurrence data from the Paleobiology Database, CC BY 4.0. Waagen 1879