Sapindus

Sapindus is a genus of about thirteen species of shrubs and small trees in the lychee family, Sapindaceae and tribe Sapindeae. It is native to warm temperate to tropical regions of the world. The genus includes both deciduous and evergreen species. Members of the genus are commonly known as soapberries or soapnuts because the pulp of the fruit is used to make soap and shampoo. The generic name is derived from the Latin words sapo, meaning "soap", and indicus, meaning "of India".

Sapindus

Uncredited · Public Domain · via Wikipedia/Commons. May be a photograph of a specimen, or an artist’s reconstruction — an interpretation of a skeleton, since colour and soft tissue are almost never preserved.

On record

Recorded, not inferred
Also called
soapnutPBDB
Sits inside
SapindaceaePBDB
Diet
"photoautotroph"PBDB, for Angiospermae

Time the record covers

At least 69 million years on record.

The record covers at least 72.2 Mya to 2.58 Mya. No occurrence read is dated outside 100.5 Mya to 0 Mya.

Early Cretaceous — about 0 of 47 occurrencesLate Cretaceous — about 9 of 47 occurrencesLate CretaceousPaleocene — about 1 of 47 occurrencesPaleoceneEocene — about 15 of 47 occurrencesEoceneOligocene — about 3 of 47 occurrencesOligoceneMiocene — about 17 of 47 occurrencesMiocenePliocene — about 1 of 47 occurrencesPleistocene — about 1 of 47 occurrences103–99 Mya — about 0.1 occurrences99–96 Mya — about 0.2 occurrences96–92 Mya — about 0.2 occurrences92–89 Mya — about 0.5 occurrences89–85 Mya — about 1 occurrence85–82 Mya — about 2 occurrences82–79 Mya — about 2 occurrences79–75 Mya — about 2 occurrences75–72 Mya — about 1 occurrence72–68 Mya — about 0.2 occurrences68–65 Mya — about 0.3 occurrences65–62 Mya — about 0.4 occurrences62–58 Mya — about 0.4 occurrences58–55 Mya — about 0.7 occurrences55–51 Mya — about 1 occurrence51–48 Mya — about 1 occurrence48–44 Mya — about 3 occurrences44–41 Mya — about 3 occurrences41–38 Mya — about 4 occurrences38–34 Mya — about 2 occurrences34–31 Mya — about 1 occurrence31–27 Mya — about 0.9 occurrences27–24 Mya — about 0.8 occurrences24–21 Mya — about 2 occurrences21–17 Mya — about 4 occurrences17–14 Mya — about 4 occurrences14–10 Mya — about 3 occurrences10–6.8 Mya — about 3 occurrences6.8–3.4 Mya — about 2 occurrences3.4–0 Mya — about 1 occurrence72.2 Mya2.58 Mya103 Mya0 Mya

47 occurrences of Sapindus on record, most of them in the Miocene. The Paleobiology Database records this as a living group. Bar height is expected occurrences, not a count: each fossil is spread across the span it is dated to, so a tall narrow bar means tight dating and a low wide one means loose.

When

47 occurrences

These are dates about fossils, not the animal: the record can only begin after it arose and end before it died out, so either end may reach further. Shares are expected occurrences: a fossil dated to a span is counted partly in each period it straddles. More on what this infers.

Found in

20 formations

Sepulcher — 44.00°N, 110.00°WComox — 49.75°N, 125.00°WItahana — 36.25°N, 139.00°EYagii — 36.08°N, 139.17°EProtection — 49.00°N, 124.00°WFlorissant — 38.92°N, 105.25°WTuscaloosa — 33.92°N, 87.74°WTuscaloosa — 33.61°N, 87.74°WOgawa — 36.42°N, 138.08°ERenova — 45.20°N, 112.16°WRavenscrag — 49.51°N, 109.02°WSan Joaquin — 36.00°N, 120.06°WRockdale — 30.32°N, 97.30°WUpper Freshwater Molasse — 48.15°N, 9.88°EPirabas — 1.21°S, 47.16°WLondon Clay — 51.40°N, 0.83°EBlack Creek — 33.53°N, 81.83°WMcBean — 33.45°N, 82.20°WLiuqu — 29.17°N, 87.75°EShanwang — 36.55°N, 118.71°ELower — 29.15°N, 80.19°E

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The named rock units Sapindus has been recovered from, largest first. Drawn where the rock is now, not where it formed. 14 occurrences have no formation on record, which is common for older literature.

Sapindus and its relatives

Miocene

Where Sapindus and its relatives were recorded in the Miocene.

Found in the same rock

828 taxa

The Paleobiology Database records 41 sites for Sapindus, and this reads all of them. The number is how many of those sites it was catalogued from too. The 24 sharing the most are listed.

This is not a list of everything alive at the time. It is only what has come out of the same ground as this animal and been written down.

Entered from

26 references

Each of the 47 occurrences read was entered from one of these publications, ordered by how many each accounts for. This is not a search for papers mentioning the name. 14 further references are not listed. Entries link to doi.org where the Paleobiology Database holds an identifier, and to its own record where it does not. Relayed as the Paleobiology Database holds them, not checked against what they resolve to.

Media and terms

Media content2

Picture of Sapindus

Credit
nobody named on the record
Licence
Public Domain
Commercial use
the licence allows it

3D model

Source
Sketchfab
Licence
CC Attribution
Commercial use
cannot be read from the licence given — check the record

The description on this site

Licence
CC BY-SA 4.0

This is what the site found, which is not the same as what exists.

Keep going

What may have been alongside itSapindaceae through timeFormations of the MioceneThe world it lived on

Occurrence data from the Paleobiology Database, CC BY 4.0. Linnaeus 1753