Phyllotheca

Phyllotheca is an extinct genus of equisetalean, related to modern horsetails. It is known from the Permian period, as well as possibly the Carboniferous. It was named was created in 1828, when Brongniart described the type species Phyllotheca australis coming from Hawkesbury River, Australia.

Phyllotheca

via iDigBio · CC0 · via iDigBio. May be a photograph of a specimen, or an artist’s reconstruction — an interpretation of a skeleton, since colour and soft tissue are almost never preserved.

On record

Recorded, not inferred
Sits inside
PhyllothecaceaePBDB
Diet
"photoautotroph"PBDB, for Streptophyta

Time the record covers

At least 118 million years on record.

The record covers at least 293.52 Mya to 174.7 Mya. No occurrence read is dated outside 298.9 Mya to 143.1 Mya.

Carboniferous — about 0 of 285 occurrencesPermian — about 247 of 285 occurrencesPermianEarly Triassic — about 7 of 285 occurrencesMiddle Triassic — about 3 of 285 occurrencesLate Triassic — about 18 of 285 occurrencesLate TriassicEarly Jurassic — about 7 of 285 occurrencesEarly JurassicMiddle Jurassic — about 3 of 285 occurrencesLate Jurassic — about 1 of 285 occurrencesLate JurassicEarly Cretaceous — about 0 of 285 occurrences302–297 Mya — about 2 occurrences297–291 Mya — about 14 occurrences291–286 Mya — about 22 occurrences286–280 Mya — about 24 occurrences280–275 Mya — about 26 occurrences275–270 Mya — about 23 occurrences270–264 Mya — about 25 occurrences264–259 Mya — about 39 occurrences259–253 Mya — about 54 occurrences253–248 Mya — about 23 occurrences248–243 Mya — about 2 occurrences243–237 Mya — about 2 occurrences237–232 Mya — about 8 occurrences232–226 Mya — about 7 occurrences226–221 Mya — about 0.7 occurrences221–216 Mya — about 0.7 occurrences216–210 Mya — about 0.7 occurrences210–205 Mya — about 0.7 occurrences205–199 Mya — about 0.6 occurrences199–194 Mya — about 0.4 occurrences194–189 Mya — about 2 occurrences189–183 Mya — about 2 occurrences183–178 Mya — about 2 occurrences178–172 Mya — about 2 occurrences172–167 Mya — about 1 occurrence167–162 Mya — about 1.0 occurrences162–156 Mya — about 0.2 occurrences156–151 Mya — about 0.2 occurrences151–145 Mya — about 0.2 occurrences145–140 Mya — about 0.1 occurrences293.52 Mya174.7 Mya302 Mya140 Mya

285 occurrences of Phyllotheca on record, most of them in the Permian. Bar height is expected occurrences, not a count: each fossil is spread across the span it is dated to, so a tall narrow bar means tight dating and a low wide one means loose.

When

285 occurrences

These are dates about fossils, not the animal: the record can only begin after it arose and end before it died out, so either end may reach further. Shares are expected occurrences: a fossil dated to a span is counted partly in each period it straddles. More on what this infers.

Found in

93 formations

Estcourt — 28.67°S, 29.17°EEstcourt — 28.67°S, 29.33°EEstcourt — 28.83°S, 29.67°EEstcourt — 29.00°S, 29.83°EEstcourt — 29.17°S, 30.00°EEstcourt — 29.17°S, 30.17°EEstcourt — 29.50°S, 30.17°EEstcourt — 29.50°S, 30.00°EEstcourt — 29.80°S, 29.79°EEstcourt — 28.50°S, 32.00°ESanta Clara — 28.58°N, 109.66°WSanta Clara — 28.56°N, 110.20°WSanta Clara — 28.55°N, 109.35°WSanta Clara — 28.55°N, 109.34°WKoshelevskaya Suite — 56.40°N, 57.50°EKoshelevskaya Suite — 57.40°N, 57.70°EKoshelevskaya Suite — 57.40°N, 57.60°EKoshelevskaya Suite — 57.00°N, 58.20°ERio Bonito — 28.70°S, 49.30°WRio Bonito — 31.60°S, 53.90°WRio Bonito — 30.10°S, 51.70°WRio Bonito — 25.30°S, 50.50°WRio Bonito — 23.80°S, 50.20°WRio Bonito — 28.42°S, 49.44°WKarharbari — 23.20°N, 82.30°EKarharbari — 24.20°N, 84.40°EKarharbari — 23.80°N, 85.20°EKarharbari — 23.34°N, 81.04°EKarharbari — 24.30°N, 86.20°ELekskaya Suite — 57.70°N, 57.80°ELekskaya Suite — 58.30°N, 57.90°ELekskaya Suite — 58.30°N, 58.00°EBlack Alley Shale — 24.00°S, 148.00°EBlack Alley Shale — 24.70°S, 147.30°ETaragaiskaya Suite — 63.20°N, 118.80°ETaragaiskaya Suite — 63.40°N, 121.80°ERangal Coal Measures — 23.00°S, 148.00°ERangal Coal Measures — 22.00°S, 148.00°ERangal Coal Measures — 23.30°S, 148.80°EPachwara — 24.60°N, 87.50°EPachwara — 24.53°N, 87.49°EBurngrove — 23.00°S, 148.00°EBurngrove — 23.30°S, 148.80°EArroyo Totoral — 30.60°S, 66.80°WArroyo Totoral — 30.90°S, 66.30°WWerris Creek Coal Measures — 31.40°S, 150.70°EBarakar — 23.20°N, 82.30°EBarakar — 23.30°N, 81.10°EBarakar — 23.90°N, 87.00°ERaniganj — 23.70°N, 86.30°ERaniganj — 23.90°N, 87.00°EKemerovskaya Suite — 54.50°N, 83.80°EKemerovskaya Suite — 54.40°N, 83.30°EKyzyl-Kiya Suite — 47.80°N, 77.50°EKyzyl-Kiya Suite — 46.70°N, 79.00°EKyzyl-Kiya Suite — 47.40°N, 79.70°EBurngrove equivalents — 23.00°S, 149.00°ENewcastle Coal Measures equiv. — 33.00°S, 151.00°EFuxian — 39.10°N, 111.00°EFuxian — 36.00°N, 109.30°ETongzhiyan — 25.10°N, 113.60°EB. Choiseul — 51.80°S, 58.90°WKamthi — 21.10°N, 79.10°EKamthi — 21.00°N, 84.71°EUldzinskaya Suite — 47.80°N, 110.40°E

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The named rock units Phyllotheca has been recovered from, largest first. Drawn where the rock is now, not where it formed. 69 further formations hold fewer occurrences each and are not listed. 91 occurrences have no formation on record, which is common for older literature.

Phyllotheca and its relatives

Permian

Where Phyllotheca and its relatives were recorded in the Permian.

Found in the same rock

990 taxa

The Paleobiology Database records 223 sites for Phyllotheca, and this reads all of them. The number is how many of those sites it was catalogued from too. The 24 sharing the most are listed.

This is not a list of everything alive at the time. It is only what has come out of the same ground as this animal and been written down.

Entered from

87 references

Each of the 285 occurrences read was entered from one of these publications, ordered by how many each accounts for. This is not a search for papers mentioning the name. 75 further references are not listed. Entries link to doi.org where the Paleobiology Database holds an identifier, and to its own record where it does not. Relayed as the Paleobiology Database holds them, not checked against what they resolve to.

Media and terms

Media content1

Picture of Phyllotheca

Source
iDigBio
Credit
via iDigBio
Licence
CC0
Commercial use
the licence allows it

No 3D scan was found. Smithsonian Open Access, MorphoSource and Sketchfab were all searched.

The description on this site

Licence
CC BY-SA 4.0

This is what the site found, which is not the same as what exists.

Keep going

What may have been alongside itPhyllothecaceae through timeFormations of the PermianThe world it lived on

Occurrence data from the Paleobiology Database, CC BY 4.0. Brongniart 1828