Istiophoridae
Marlins are fish from the family Istiophoridae, which includes between 9 and 11 species, depending on the taxonomic authority.

NOAA · Public Domain · via Wikipedia/Commons. May be a photograph of a specimen, or an artist’s reconstruction — an interpretation of a skeleton, since colour and soft tissue are almost never preserved.
On record
Recorded, not inferred- Sits inside
- IstiophoriformesPBDB
- Motility
- actively mobilePBDB, for Osteichthyes
Time the record covers
At least 53 million years on record.
The record covers at least 56 Mya to 2.58 Mya. No occurrence read is dated outside 59.24 Mya to 774 ka.
42 occurrences of Istiophoridae on record, most of them in the Miocene. The Paleobiology Database records this as a living group, and the chart stops with its fossils rather than at the present. Bar height is expected occurrences, not a count: each fossil is spread across the span it is dated to, so a tall narrow bar means tight dating and a low wide one means loose.
When
42 occurrences- Paleocene2%
- Eocene19%
- Miocene45%
- Pliocene30%
- Pleistocene3%
These are dates about fossils, not the animal: the record can only begin after it arose and end before it died out, so either end may reach further. Shares are expected occurrences: a fossil dated to a span is counted partly in each period it straddles. More on what this infers.
Found in
20 formations
- Yorktown Formation · Chesapeake Group6
- Pietra Leccese Formation5
- Bahía Inglesa Formation4
- Trinidad Formation3
- Selsey Formation · Bracklesham Group2
- Eastover Formation · Chesapeake Group2
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The named rock units Istiophoridae has been recovered from, largest first. Drawn where the rock is now, not where it formed. 4 occurrences have no formation on record, which is common for older literature.
Istiophoridae and its relatives
MioceneWhere Istiophoridae and its relatives were recorded in the Miocene.
Found in the same rock
1,250 taxa- Carcharodon hastalis9 sites
- Hemipristis serra7 sites
- Makaira nigricans7 sites
- Aetomylaeus dixoni6 sites
- Carcharhinus6 sites
- Cylindracanthus rectus6 sites
- Makaira6 sites
- Otodus megalodon6 sites
- Scyliorhinus6 sites
- Aetobatus5 sites
- Isurus oxyrinchus5 sites
- Myliobatis5 sites
- Odontoceti5 sites
- Palaeocybium proosti5 sites
- Rhinoptera5 sites
- Sphyrna zygaena5 sites
- Squatina5 sites
- Trichiurides sagittidens5 sites
- Acipenser toliapicus4 sites
- Albula oweni4 sites
- Aves4 sites
- Balaenopteridae4 sites
- Carcharhinus brachyurus4 sites
- Carcharhinus leucas4 sites
The Paleobiology Database records 29 sites for Istiophoridae, and this reads all of them. The number is how many of those sites it was catalogued from too. The 24 sharing the most are listed.
This is not a list of everything alive at the time. It is only what has come out of the same ground as this animal and been written down.
Entered from
30 references- Analysis and new records of billfish (Teleostei: Perciformes: Istiophoridae) from the Yorktown Formation, Early Pliocene of eastern North Carolina at Lee Creek Mine5
- Taphonomy, palaeoecology and palaeobiological significance of the Cisterna quarry fossil site: An exceptional window into the marine vertebrate biodiversity of the early Late Miocene Mediterranean Sea4
- A Fossil Blue Marlin (Makaira nigricans Lacepede) from the Middle Facies of the Trinidad Formation (Upper Miocene to Upper Pliocene), SanJose del Cabo Basin, Baja California Sur, Mexico3
- Neogene bony fishes from the Bahia Inglesa Formation, northern Chile2
- The Selsey Division (Bracklesham Group) at Lee-on-the-Solent, Gosport, (Hants)2
- La faune ichthyologique de l'Ypresien de la Belgique2
- Youngest record of the extinct walrus Ontocetus emmonsi from the Early Pleistocene of South Carolina and a review of North Atlantic walrus biochronology1
- Facies analysis, stratigraphy and marine vertebrate assemblage of the lower Miocene Chilcatay Formation at Ullujaya (Pisco basin, Peru)1
- Geology and biostratigraphy of the Potomac River Cliffs at Stratford Hall, Westmoreland County, Virginia1
- Repeated mass strandings of Miocene marine mammals from Atacama Region of Chile point to sudden death at sea1
- New marine vertebrates from the Yuha Member of the Deguynos Formation of Anza-Borrego Desert State Park1
- Fossil seals from late Neogene deposits in South America: A new pinniped (Carnivora, Mammalia) assemblage from Chile1
Each of the 42 occurrences read was entered from one of these publications, ordered by how many each accounts for. This is not a search for papers mentioning the name. 18 further references are not listed. Entries link to doi.org where the Paleobiology Database holds an identifier, and to its own record where it does not. Relayed as the Paleobiology Database holds them, not checked against what they resolve to.
Media and terms
Media content1
Picture of Istiophoridae
- Source
- Wikipedia/Commons
- Credit
- NOAA
- Licence
- Public Domain
- Commercial use
- the licence allows it
No 3D scan of Istiophoridae was found in MorphoSource and Sketchfab.
Smithsonian Open Access was not reached for this taxon, so this list is what the others held rather than everything there is.
The description on this site
- Source
- Wikipedia, “Marlin”
- Licence
- CC BY-SA 4.0
This is what the site found, which is not the same as what exists.
Keep going
What may have been alongside itIstiophoriformes through timeFormations of the MioceneThe world it lived on
Occurrence data from the Paleobiology Database, CC BY 4.0.