Ischadium recurvum

Ischadium is a monotypic genus of mussels in the family Mytilidae. The sole species is Ischadium recurvum, known as the hooked mussel or bent mussel. It can be found along the Atlantic coast of North America, ranging from Cape Cod to the West Indies. They are often found growing on eastern oysters, either intertidally or subtidally. They also attach to other hard substrates, including artificial reefs and dead shells of the brackish water clam Rangia cuneata.

Ischadium recurvum

Rafinesque, 1820 · CC0 · via Wikipedia/Commons. May be a photograph of a specimen, or an artist’s reconstruction — an interpretation of a skeleton, since colour and soft tissue are almost never preserved.

On record

Recorded, not inferred
Sits inside
IschadiumPBDB
Diet
suspension feederPBDB, for Ischadium
Life habit
epifaunalPBDB, for Ischadium
Motility
stationary, attachedPBDB, for Ischadium
Vision
blindPBDB, for Bivalvia
Environment
lagoonal,coastal,inner shelf,outer shelf,oceanic,brackish,freshwaterPBDB, for Mytilidae

Time the record covers

At least 2.4 million years on record.

The record covers at least 2.58 Mya to 129 ka. No occurrence read is dated outside 3.6 Mya to 11.7 ka.

Pliocene — about 1 of 10 occurrencesPliocenePleistocene — about 9 of 10 occurrencesPleistoceneHolocene — about 0 of 10 occurrences3.7–3.6 Mya — about 0.0 occurrences3.6–3.4 Mya — about 0.1 occurrences3.4–3.3 Mya — about 0.1 occurrences3.3–3.1 Mya — about 0.1 occurrences3.1–3.0 Mya — about 0.1 occurrences3.0–2.9 Mya — about 0.1 occurrences2.9–2.7 Mya — about 0.1 occurrences2.7–2.6 Mya — about 0.1 occurrences2.6–2.5 Mya — about 0.2 occurrences2.5–2.3 Mya — about 0.2 occurrences2.3–2.2 Mya — about 0.2 occurrences2.2–2.0 Mya — about 0.2 occurrences2.0–1.9 Mya — about 0.2 occurrences1.9–1.8 Mya — about 0.2 occurrences1.8–1.6 Mya — about 0.2 occurrences1.6–1.5 Mya — about 0.2 occurrences1.5–1.4 Mya — about 0.2 occurrences1.4–1.2 Mya — about 0.2 occurrences1.2–1.1 Mya — about 0.2 occurrences1.1–957 ka Mya — about 0.2 occurrences957 ka–820 ka Mya — about 0.2 occurrences820 ka–683 ka Mya — about 0.2 occurrences683 ka–547 ka Mya — about 0.2 occurrences547 ka–410 ka Mya — about 0.2 occurrences410 ka–273 ka Mya — about 0.2 occurrences273 ka–137 ka Mya — about 0.2 occurrences137 ka–0 Mya — about 5 occurrences2.58 Mya129 ka4.1 Mya0 Mya

10 occurrences of Ischadium recurvum on record, most of them in the Pleistocene. The Paleobiology Database records this as a living group. Bar height is expected occurrences, not a count: each fossil is spread across the span it is dated to, so a tall narrow bar means tight dating and a low wide one means loose.

When

10 occurrences

These are dates about fossils, not the animal: the record can only begin after it arose and end before it died out, so either end may reach further. Shares are expected occurrences: a fossil dated to a span is counted partly in each period it straddles. More on what this infers.

Found in

6 formations

Waccamaw — 34.56°N, 78.49°WWaccamaw — 34.33°N, 78.20°WPamlico — 38.69°N, 75.77°WPamlico — 35.14°N, 76.77°WNorfolk — 36.92°N, 76.49°WAcredale — 36.79°N, 76.17°WTalbot — 38.07°N, 76.36°WYorktown — 37.06°N, 76.63°W

Loading coastlines…

The named rock units Ischadium recurvum has been recovered from, largest first. Drawn where the rock is now, not where it formed. 2 occurrences have no formation on record, which is common for older literature.

Ischadium recurvum and its relatives

Pleistocene

Where Ischadium recurvum and its relatives were recorded in the Pleistocene.

Found in the same rock

250 taxa

The Paleobiology Database records 6 sites for Ischadium recurvum, and this reads all of them. The number is how many of those sites it was catalogued from too. The 24 sharing the most are listed.

This is not a list of everything alive at the time. It is only what has come out of the same ground as this animal and been written down.

Entered from

6 references

Each of the 10 occurrences read was entered from one of these publications, ordered by how many each accounts for. This is not a search for papers mentioning the name. Entries link to doi.org where the Paleobiology Database holds an identifier, and to its own record where it does not. Relayed as the Paleobiology Database holds them, not checked against what they resolve to.

Media and terms

Media content1

Picture of Ischadium recurvum

Credit
Rafinesque, 1820
Licence
CC0
Commercial use
the licence allows it

No 3D scan of Ischadium recurvum was found in Sketchfab.

Smithsonian Open Access and MorphoSource were not reached for this taxon, so this list is what the others held rather than everything there is.

The description on this site

Licence
CC BY-SA 4.0

This is what the site found, which is not the same as what exists.

Keep going

What may have been alongside itIschadium through timeFormations of the PleistoceneThe world it lived on

Occurrence data from the Paleobiology Database, CC BY 4.0. (Rafinesque 1820)