Hemicidaridae

Hemicidaridae is a family of extinct sea urchins characterized by large, massive, club-shaped spines.

Hemicidaridae

Hectonichus · CC BY-SA 3.0 · via Wikipedia/Commons. May be a photograph of a specimen, or an artist’s reconstruction — an interpretation of a skeleton, since colour and soft tissue are almost never preserved.

On record

Recorded, not inferred
Sits inside
CarinaceaPBDB
Diet
grazer, deposit feederPBDB, for Echinoidea
Life habit
epifaunalPBDB, for Echinoidea
Motility
actively mobilePBDB, for Echinoidea
Vision
limitedPBDB, for Echinoidea
Environment
marinePBDB, for Echinodermata

Time the record covers

At least 83 million years on record.

The record covers at least 184.2 Mya to 100.5 Mya. No occurrence read is dated outside 192.9 Mya to 93.9 Mya.

Early Jurassic — about 1 of 191 occurrencesEarly JurassicMiddle Jurassic — about 53 of 191 occurrencesMiddle JurassicLate Jurassic — about 106 of 191 occurrencesLate JurassicEarly Cretaceous — about 30 of 191 occurrencesEarly CretaceousLate Cretaceous — about 2 of 191 occurrencesLate Cretaceous195–191 Mya — about 0.2 occurrences191–188 Mya — about 0.4 occurrences188–185 Mya — about 0.4 occurrences185–181 Mya — about 0.0 occurrences174–171 Mya — about 0.1 occurrences171–167 Mya — about 14 occurrences167–164 Mya — about 19 occurrences164–161 Mya — about 22 occurrences161–157 Mya — about 20 occurrences157–154 Mya — about 22 occurrences154–150 Mya — about 36 occurrences150–147 Mya — about 18 occurrences147–143 Mya — about 7 occurrences143–140 Mya — about 0.3 occurrences140–137 Mya — about 0.4 occurrences137–133 Mya — about 2 occurrences133–130 Mya — about 6 occurrences130–126 Mya — about 7 occurrences126–123 Mya — about 2 occurrences123–119 Mya — about 3 occurrences119–116 Mya — about 5 occurrences116–113 Mya — about 4 occurrences109–106 Mya — about 0.2 occurrences106–102 Mya — about 0.9 occurrences102–99 Mya — about 0.8 occurrences99–95 Mya — about 0.8 occurrences95–92 Mya — about 0.3 occurrences184.2 Mya100.5 Mya195 Mya92 Mya

191 occurrences of Hemicidaridae on record, most of them in the Late Jurassic. Bar height is expected occurrences, not a count: each fossil is spread across the span it is dated to, so a tall narrow bar means tight dating and a low wide one means loose.

When

191 occurrences

These are dates about fossils, not the animal: the record can only begin after it arose and end before it died out, so either end may reach further. Shares are expected occurrences: a fossil dated to a span is counted partly in each period it straddles. More on what this infers.

Found in

39 formations

Dhruma — 24.23°N, 46.58°EDhruma — 24.89°N, 46.58°EDhruma — 23.97°N, 46.17°EDhruma — 24.75°N, 46.00°EDhruma — 25.05°N, 45.67°EDhruma — 25.17°N, 45.50°EDhruma — 25.53°N, 45.00°EDhruma — 24.75°N, 46.08°EDhruma — 26.33°N, 44.83°ETataouine — 33.00°N, 10.47°EHanifa — 22.60°N, 46.37°EHanifa — 22.40°N, 46.95°EHanifa — 24.95°N, 46.15°EHanifa — 25.63°N, 45.67°EHanifa — 25.83°N, 45.17°EHanifa — 26.03°N, 45.17°EHanifa — 25.17°N, 46.24°EMt. Lysa — 50.90°N, 21.67°EMt. Lysa — 51.26°N, 21.06°EAlcobaca — 39.32°N, 9.35°WAlcobaca — 38.42°N, 9.22°WAlcobaca — 39.52°N, 9.13°WSobral — 39.10°N, 9.27°WSobral — 38.97°N, 9.10°WAgoudim — 32.28°N, 4.42°WAgoudim — 32.27°N, 4.51°WBahamite sequence — 53.77°N, 14.08°EMassenkalk — 48.89°N, 11.94°EZone de Pierre jaune — 47.05°N, 7.08°EAlcobaça — 39.52°N, 9.13°WAlcobaça — 39.55°N, 8.98°WTuwaiq Mt.Lst. — 25.05°N, 45.67°EPteroceriano — 38.93°N, 9.13°WAmaral — 39.02°N, 9.12°WMarnes à coraux de Foug — 48.68°N, 5.78°ESa Wer — 10.16°N, 43.06°ESa Wer — 10.56°N, 43.00°ETamanar — 31.40°N, 9.68°WVuache — 46.83°N, 6.52°EShuqra — 14.27°N, 48.57°ENaifa — 14.31°N, 48.48°ERingstead Coral Bed — 50.63°N, 2.35°WSüntel — 51.90°N, 10.50°EHumeralis Schichten — 47.47°N, 7.37°ETuwaiq Mountain Limestone — 25.75°N, 45.17°E

Loading coastlines…

The named rock units Hemicidaridae has been recovered from, largest first. Drawn where the rock is now, not where it formed. 15 further formations hold fewer occurrences each and are not listed. 75 occurrences have no formation on record, which is common for older literature.

Hemicidaridae and its relatives

Late Jurassic

Where Hemicidaridae and its relatives were recorded in the Late Jurassic.

Found in the same rock

1,277 taxa

The Paleobiology Database records 138 sites for Hemicidaridae, and this reads all of them. The number is how many of those sites it was catalogued from too. The 24 sharing the most are listed.

This is not a list of everything alive at the time. It is only what has come out of the same ground as this animal and been written down.

Entered from

51 references

Each of the 191 occurrences read was entered from one of these publications, ordered by how many each accounts for. This is not a search for papers mentioning the name. 39 further references are not listed. Entries link to doi.org where the Paleobiology Database holds an identifier, and to its own record where it does not. Relayed as the Paleobiology Database holds them, not checked against what they resolve to.

Media and terms

Media content1

Picture of Hemicidaridae

Credit
Hectonichus
Licence
CC BY-SA 3.0
Commercial use
the licence allows it

No 3D scan of Hemicidaridae was found in MorphoSource and Sketchfab.

Smithsonian Open Access was not reached for this taxon, so this list is what the others held rather than everything there is.

The description on this site

Licence
CC BY-SA 4.0

This is what the site found, which is not the same as what exists.

Keep going

What may have been alongside itCarinacea through timeFormations of the Late JurassicThe world it lived on

Occurrence data from the Paleobiology Database, CC BY 4.0. Wright 1857