Caloenas
Caloenas is a genus of pigeons. The only living species is the Nicobar pigeon.

Uncredited · via Wikipedia/Commons. May be a photograph of a specimen, or an artist’s reconstruction — an interpretation of a skeleton, since colour and soft tissue are almost never preserved.
On record
Recorded, not inferred- Sits inside
- ColumbidaePBDB
- Diet
- frugivore, granivorePBDB, for Columbidae
- Life habit
- volantPBDB, for Columbidae
- Motility
- actively mobilePBDB, for Theropoda
- Environment
- terrestrialPBDB, for Columbidae
Time the record covers
At most 129 thousand years on record.
Every occurrence read is dated to somewhere between 129 ka and 0 Mya, and nothing in the dating separates them, so that window is what the record shows rather than a span.
8 occurrences of Caloenas on record, most of them in the Holocene. The Paleobiology Database records this as a living group. Bar height is expected occurrences, not a count: each fossil is spread across the span it is dated to, so a tall narrow bar means tight dating and a low wide one means loose.
When
8 occurrences- Pleistocene24%
- Holocene76%
These are dates about fossils, not the animal: the record can only begin after it arose and end before it died out, so either end may reach further. Shares are expected occurrences: a fossil dated to a span is counted partly in each period it straddles. More on what this infers.
Caloenas and its relatives
HoloceneWhere Caloenas and its relatives were recorded in the Holocene.
Found in the same rock
103 taxa- Collocalia esculenta4 sites
- Gallirallus philippensis4 sites
- Porphyrio melanotus4 sites
- Accipiter efficax3 sites
- Alopecoenas stairi3 sites
- Columbidae3 sites
- Ducula pacifica3 sites
- Gallirallus lafresnayanus3 sites
- Passeriformes3 sites
- Porphyrio kukwiedei3 sites
- Sylviornis neocaledoniae3 sites
- Zapornia tabuensis3 sites
- Accipiter2 sites
- Aegotheles savesi2 sites
- Aerodramus spodiopygius2 sites
- Anas gracilis2 sites
- Ardenna pacifica2 sites
- Columba vitiensis2 sites
- Didunculus placopedetes2 sites
- Drepanoptila holosericea2 sites
- Ducula2 sites
- Ducula shutleri2 sites
- Eclectus infectus2 sites
- Gallicolumba longitarsus2 sites
The Paleobiology Database records 8 sites for Caloenas, and this reads all of them. The number is how many of those sites it was catalogued from too. The 24 sharing the most are listed.
This is not a list of everything alive at the time. It is only what has come out of the same ground as this animal and been written down.
Entered from
5 references- Prehistoric avifaunas from the Kingdom of Tonga2
- Faunal extinction and human habitation in New Caledonia: initial results and implications of new research at the Pindai Caves2
- Prehistoric birds from New Ireland, Papua New Guinea: extinctions on a large Melanesian island2
- Fossil birds from late Quaternary deposits in New Caledonia1
- New species and records of birds (Aves: Megapodiidae, Columbidae) from an archeological site on Lifuka, Tonga1
Each of the 8 occurrences read was entered from one of these publications, ordered by how many each accounts for. This is not a search for papers mentioning the name. Entries link to doi.org where the Paleobiology Database holds an identifier, and to its own record where it does not. Relayed as the Paleobiology Database holds them, not checked against what they resolve to.
Media and terms
Media content3
Picture of Caloenas
- Source
- Wikipedia/Commons
- Credit
- nobody named on the record
- Licence
- not stated by the source
- Commercial use
- cannot be read from the licence given — check the record
CT scan
- Source
- MorphoSource
- Credit
- NMNH - Division of Birds
- Licence
- not stated by the source
- Commercial use
- cannot be read from the licence given — check the record
- Specimen
- Caloenas nicobarica · usnm:birds
Smithsonian Open Access was not reached for this taxon, so this list is what the others held rather than everything there is.
The description on this site
- Source
- Wikipedia, “Caloenas”
- Licence
- CC BY-SA 4.0
This is what the site found, which is not the same as what exists.
Keep going
What may have been alongside itColumbidae through timeFormations of the HoloceneThe world it lived on
Occurrence data from the Paleobiology Database, CC BY 4.0. Gray 1840