Wormaldia
Wormaldia is a genus of fingernet caddisflies in the family Philopotamidae. There are more than 140 described species in Wormaldia. Fossil species have been described from the Late Cretaceous Burmese amber of Myanmar.

Erin Hayes-Pontius · CC BY-SA 3.0 · via Wikipedia/Commons. May be a photograph of a specimen, or an artist’s reconstruction — an interpretation of a skeleton, since colour and soft tissue are almost never preserved.
On record
Recorded, not inferred- Sits inside
- PhilopotaminaePBDB
- Motility
- actively mobilePBDB, for Arthropoda
- Environment
- terrestrialPBDB, for Insecta
Time the record covers
At least 93 million years on record.
The record covers at least 93.9 Mya to 129 ka. No occurrence read is dated outside 100.5 Mya to 11.7 ka.
37 occurrences of Wormaldia on record, most of them in the Eocene. The Paleobiology Database records this as a living group. Bar height is expected occurrences, not a count: each fossil is spread across the span it is dated to, so a tall narrow bar means tight dating and a low wide one means loose.
When
37 occurrences- Late Cretaceous30%
- Eocene68%
- Pleistocene3%
These are dates about fossils, not the animal: the record can only begin after it arose and end before it died out, so either end may reach further. Shares are expected occurrences: a fossil dated to a span is counted partly in each period it straddles. More on what this infers.
Found in
4 formations
- Raritan Formation · Potomac Group1
- Coffee Sand Formation · Selma Group1
- Bouldnor Formation · Solent Group1
- Don Formation1
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The named rock units Wormaldia has been recovered from, largest first. Drawn where the rock is now, not where it formed. 33 occurrences have no formation on record, which is common for older literature.
Wormaldia and its relatives
EoceneWhere Wormaldia and its relatives were recorded in the Eocene.
Found in the same rock
3,806 taxa- Ctenobethylus goepperti10 sites
- Gesomyrmex hoernesi10 sites
- Lasius schiefferdeckeri10 sites
- Lype sericea10 sites
- Plectrocnemia lata10 sites
- Yantaromyrmex geinitzi10 sites
- Holocentropus affinis9 sites
- Plectrocnemia barbata9 sites
- Prenolepis henschei9 sites
- Formica flori8 sites
- Holocentropus incertus8 sites
- Holocentropus vetustus8 sites
- Pachycondyla succinea8 sites
- Plagiolepis klinsmanni8 sites
- Tetraponera ocellata8 sites
- Eocamponotus mengei7 sites
- Holocentropus atratus7 sites
- Nylanderia pygmaea7 sites
- Cataglyphoides constricta6 sites
- Dolichoderus balticus6 sites
- Dolichoderus tertiarius6 sites
- Erotesis aequalis6 sites
- Nyctiophylax varians6 sites
- Plectrocnemia rostrata6 sites
The Paleobiology Database records 21 sites for Wormaldia, and this reads all of them. Of that, one read hit the database's own return limit, so every count below is a floor rather than a total. The number is how many of those sites it was catalogued from too. The 24 sharing the most are listed.
This is not a list of everything alive at the time. It is only what has come out of the same ground as this animal and been written down.
Entered from
16 references- Die Trichopteren des baltischen Bernsteins14
- The philopotamid genus Wormaldia (Insecta, Trichoptera) embedded in mid-Cretaceous Burmese amber4
- New caddisfly species of the genus Wormaldia (Trichoptera: Philopotamidae) from Baltic amber3
- Two new mid-Cretaceous caddisflies (Trichoptera, Philopotamidae) from amber of Northern Myanmar2
- New Cretaceous caddisflies from Burmese amber (Insecta, Trichoptera)2
- Die Köcherfliegen des Sächsischen Bernsteins (II) (Trichoptera)2
- New species of caddisflies (Insecta: Trichoptera) from the Paleogene resins of Europe1
- Caddis-flies (Insecta: Trichoptera) from the Insect Limestone (Bembridge Marls, Late Eocene) of the Isle of Wight, UK1
- New species of caddisflies (Insecta: Trichoptera) from the Rovno amber, Eocene of Ukraine1
- Köcherfliegen aus dem Burma Bernstein der oberen Kreide von Myanmar (Insecta, Trichoptera)1
- Caddis flies (Trichoptera) from Turonian (Upper Cretaceous) Amber of New Jersey1
- Die Köcherfliegen des Sächsischen Bernsteins (III) (Trichoptera)1
Each of the 37 occurrences read was entered from one of these publications, ordered by how many each accounts for. This is not a search for papers mentioning the name. 4 further references are not listed. Entries link to doi.org where the Paleobiology Database holds an identifier, and to its own record where it does not. Relayed as the Paleobiology Database holds them, not checked against what they resolve to.
Media and terms
Media content1
Picture of Wormaldia
- Source
- Wikipedia/Commons
- Credit
- Erin Hayes-Pontius
- Licence
- CC BY-SA 3.0
- Commercial use
- the licence allows it
No 3D scan of Wormaldia was found in MorphoSource and Sketchfab.
Smithsonian Open Access was not reached for this taxon, so this list is what the others held rather than everything there is.
The description on this site
- Source
- Wikipedia, “Wormaldia”
- Licence
- CC BY-SA 4.0
This is what the site found, which is not the same as what exists.
Keep going
What may have been alongside itPhilopotaminae through timeFormations of the EoceneThe world it lived on
Occurrence data from the Paleobiology Database, CC BY 4.0. MacLachlan 1865