Toxodontidae

Toxodontidae is an extinct family of notoungulate mammals, known from the Oligocene to the Holocene of South America, with one genus, Mixotoxodon, also known from the Pleistocene of Central America and southern North America. Member of the family were medium to large-sized, ranging from around 350–400 kilograms (770–880 lb) in Nesodon to 1,000–1,200 kilograms (2,200–2,600 lb) in Toxodon, and had medium to high-crowned dentition, which in derived members of the group evolved into ever-growing cheek teeth.

Toxodontidae

Emőke Dénes · CC BY-SA 4.0 · via Wikipedia/Commons. May be a photograph of a specimen, or an artist’s reconstruction — an interpretation of a skeleton, since colour and soft tissue are almost never preserved.

On record

Recorded, not inferred
Sits inside
EutoxodontiaPBDB
Diet
herbivorePBDB, for Notoungulata
Life habit
scansorialPBDB, for Eutheria
Motility
actively mobilePBDB, for Osteichthyes
Environment
terrestrialPBDB, for Eutheria

Time the record covers

At least 23 million years on record.

The record covers at least 23.04 Mya to 11.7 ka. No occurrence read is dated outside 56 Mya to 0 Mya.

Paleocene — about 0 of 398 occurrencesEocene — about 1 of 398 occurrencesEoceneOligocene — about 8 of 398 occurrencesOligoceneMiocene — about 189 of 398 occurrencesMiocenePliocene — about 48 of 398 occurrencesPleistocene — about 149 of 398 occurrences57–55 Mya — about 0.0 occurrences55–53 Mya — about 0.1 occurrences53–51 Mya — about 0.1 occurrences51–50 Mya — about 0.1 occurrences50–48 Mya — about 0.1 occurrences48–46 Mya — about 0.1 occurrences46–44 Mya — about 0.1 occurrences44–42 Mya — about 0.1 occurrences42–40 Mya — about 0.1 occurrences40–38 Mya — about 0.1 occurrences38–36 Mya — about 0.1 occurrences36–34 Mya — about 0.1 occurrences34–32 Mya — about 0.2 occurrences32–30 Mya — about 0.2 occurrences30–29 Mya — about 0.7 occurrences29–27 Mya — about 2 occurrences27–25 Mya — about 3 occurrences25–23 Mya — about 3 occurrences23–21 Mya — about 3 occurrences21–19 Mya — about 7 occurrences19–17 Mya — about 31 occurrences17–15 Mya — about 64 occurrences15–13 Mya — about 7 occurrences13–11 Mya — about 17 occurrences11–9.5 Mya — about 14 occurrences9.5–7.6 Mya — about 18 occurrences7.6–5.7 Mya — about 24 occurrences5.7–3.8 Mya — about 32 occurrences3.8–1.9 Mya — about 37 occurrences1.9–0 Mya — about 136 occurrences23.04 Mya11.7 ka57 Mya0 Mya

398 occurrences of Toxodontidae on record, most of them in the Miocene. Bar height is expected occurrences, not a count: each fossil is spread across the span it is dated to, so a tall narrow bar means tight dating and a low wide one means loose.

When

398 occurrences

These are dates about fossils, not the animal: the record can only begin after it arose and end before it died out, so either end may reach further. Shares are expected occurrences: a fossil dated to a span is counted partly in each period it straddles. More on what this infers.

Found in

86 formations

Santa Cruz — 51.02°S, 69.15°WSanta Cruz — 51.20°S, 69.12°WSanta Cruz — 50.16°S, 69.67°WSanta Cruz — 50.27°S, 70.37°WSanta Cruz — 50.36°S, 71.84°WSanta Cruz — 50.25°S, 71.07°WSanta Cruz — 51.57°S, 69.42°WSanta Cruz — 51.05°S, 69.13°WSanta Cruz — 50.85°S, 69.13°WSanta Cruz — 50.55°S, 69.22°WSanta Cruz — 50.05°S, 70.44°WSanta Cruz — 51.57°S, 69.47°WSanta Cruz — 50.00°S, 70.00°WSanta Cruz — 50.60°S, 69.08°WSanta Cruz — 50.75°S, 69.18°WSanta Cruz — 51.34°S, 69.02°WSanta Cruz — 51.35°S, 69.00°WSanta Cruz — 50.32°S, 72.10°WSanta Cruz — 47.52°S, 71.90°WSanta Cruz — 47.58°S, 71.85°WSanta Cruz — 50.28°S, 70.28°WSanta Cruz — 51.60°S, 69.56°WSolimões — 10.13°S, 67.81°WSolimões — 9.05°S, 68.77°WSolimões — 10.95°S, 69.65°WSolimões — 10.94°S, 69.52°WSolimões — 8.18°S, 72.78°WSolimões — 9.39°S, 72.72°WSolimões — 8.30°S, 73.27°WSolimões — 8.67°S, 72.82°WSolimões — 8.82°S, 72.82°WSolimões — 8.88°S, 72.78°WSolimões — 8.98°S, 72.72°WSolimões — 9.00°S, 72.76°WSolimões — 9.13°S, 72.67°WSolimões — 9.16°S, 72.71°WSolimões — 9.28°S, 72.69°WSolimões — 6.50°S, 69.67°WItuzaingo — 31.48°S, 60.23°WCerro Azul — 35.69°S, 64.67°WCerro Azul — 38.76°S, 62.16°WCerro Azul — 37.37°S, 65.47°WCerro Azul — 37.73°S, 63.53°WCerro Azul — 35.92°S, 64.87°WCerro Azul — 37.22°S, 63.59°WCerro Azul — 36.00°S, 65.00°WSolimoes — 10.12°S, 66.88°WSolimoes — 10.94°S, 69.34°WMonte Hermoso — 38.97°S, 61.70°WMonte Hermoso — 38.98°S, 61.82°WLujan — 36.78°S, 59.87°WLujan — 38.57°S, 58.70°WLujan — 34.60°S, 59.15°WUrumaco — 11.25°N, 70.27°WUrumaco — 11.18°N, 70.23°WArroyo Chasico — 38.64°S, 63.00°WArroyo Chasico — 38.40°S, 63.85°WVillavieja — 3.32°N, 75.13°WVillavieja — 3.26°N, 75.19°WSalto Ander Egg — 32.12°S, 60.43°WSalto Ander Egg — 32.07°S, 60.55°WSalto Ander Egg — 32.28°S, 60.37°WUmala — 18.83°S, 66.15°WUmala — 18.35°S, 67.93°WUmala — 17.08°S, 68.00°WChucal — 18.53°S, 69.17°WDolores — 34.42°S, 56.26°WDolores — 34.38°S, 57.88°WDolores — 34.44°S, 57.20°WAisol — 34.97°S, 68.54°WAisol — 34.91°S, 68.50°WAisol — 34.71°S, 68.58°WIpururo — 10.58°S, 73.60°WIpururo — 10.40°S, 73.52°WIpururo — 10.63°S, 73.92°WLa Victoria — 3.29°N, 75.16°WLa Victoria — 3.29°N, 75.12°WLa Victoria — 3.37°N, 75.15°WLa Victoria — 3.36°N, 75.16°WSarmiento — 45.23°S, 67.49°WSarmiento — 44.02°S, 68.02°WSarmiento — 47.03°S, 66.48°WNuapua — 20.75°S, 63.07°WNuapua — 20.87°S, 63.07°WCerro Bandera — 38.88°S, 69.47°WCerro Bandera — 39.27°S, 69.28°WCerro Bandera — 39.03°S, 69.68°WCura-Mallín — 37.65°S, 71.23°WCura-Mallín — 38.52°S, 71.22°WSan Gregorio — 11.30°N, 70.24°WRío Frías — 44.58°S, 71.23°WTouro Passo — 30.40°S, 56.49°WTouro Passo — 30.75°S, 53.75°WTouro Passo — 29.67°S, 56.87°W

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The named rock units Toxodontidae has been recovered from, largest first. Drawn where the rock is now, not where it formed. 62 further formations hold fewer occurrences each and are not listed. 109 occurrences have no formation on record, which is common for older literature.

Toxodontidae and its relatives

Miocene

Where Toxodontidae and its relatives were recorded in the Miocene.

Found in the same rock

1,729 taxa

The Paleobiology Database records 266 sites for Toxodontidae, and this reads 240 of them. The number is how many of those sites it was catalogued from too. The 24 sharing the most are listed.

This is not a list of everything alive at the time. It is only what has come out of the same ground as this animal and been written down.

Entered from

187 references

Each of the 398 occurrences read was entered from one of these publications, ordered by how many each accounts for. This is not a search for papers mentioning the name. 175 further references are not listed. Entries link to doi.org where the Paleobiology Database holds an identifier, and to its own record where it does not. Relayed as the Paleobiology Database holds them, not checked against what they resolve to.

Media and terms

Media content1

Picture of Toxodontidae

Credit
Emőke Dénes
Licence
CC BY-SA 4.0
Commercial use
the licence allows it

No 3D scan of Toxodontidae was found in Sketchfab.

Smithsonian Open Access and MorphoSource were not reached for this taxon, so this list is what the others held rather than everything there is.

The description on this site

Licence
CC BY-SA 4.0

This is what the site found, which is not the same as what exists.

Keep going

What may have been alongside itEutoxodontia through timeFormations of the MioceneThe world it lived on

Occurrence data from the Paleobiology Database, CC BY 4.0. Scott 1873