Rhizoctonia

Rhizoctonia is a genus of fungi in the family Ceratobasidiaceae. Species form thin, effused, corticioid basidiocarps, but are most frequently found in their sterile, anamorph state. Rhizoctonia species are saprotrophic, but some are also facultative plant pathogens, causing commercially important crop diseases. Some are also endomycorrhizal associates of orchids. The genus name was formerly used to accommodate many superficially similar, but unrelated fungi. As of 2025, the synonymisation of several genera under a unified Rhizoctonia was formalised, and the genus now includes names formerly circumscribed under Moniliopsis, Ceratobasidium, Thanatephorus, Uthatobasidium, Koleroga, Cejpomyces, Oncobasidium, Ypsilonidium, Ceratorhiza, and Tofispora. As currently circumscribed, the genus contains 52 accepted species.

A picture published with the record for Rhizoctonia. What it shows has not been checked.

Uncredited · CC BY 3.0 us · via Wikipedia/Commons. May be a photograph of a specimen, or an artist’s reconstruction — an interpretation of a skeleton, since colour and soft tissue are almost never preserved.

On record

Recorded, not inferred
Sits inside
FungiPBDB

Time the record covers

At most 15 million years on record.

Every occurrence read is dated to somewhere between 266.9 Mya and 251.902 Mya, and nothing in the dating separates them, so that window is what the record shows rather than a span.

Permian — about 2 of 2 occurrencesPermianEarly Triassic — about 0 of 2 occurrences267–267 Mya — about 0.0 occurrences267–266 Mya — about 0.0 occurrences266–266 Mya — about 0.0 occurrences266–265 Mya — about 0.0 occurrences265–265 Mya — about 0.0 occurrences265–264 Mya — about 0.0 occurrences264–264 Mya — about 0.0 occurrences264–263 Mya — about 0.0 occurrences263–263 Mya — about 0.0 occurrences263–262 Mya — about 0.0 occurrences262–262 Mya — about 0.0 occurrences262–261 Mya — about 0.0 occurrences261–260 Mya — about 0.0 occurrences260–260 Mya — about 0.0 occurrences260–259 Mya — about 0.1 occurrences259–259 Mya — about 0.1 occurrences259–258 Mya — about 0.1 occurrences258–258 Mya — about 0.1 occurrences258–257 Mya — about 0.1 occurrences257–257 Mya — about 0.1 occurrences257–256 Mya — about 0.1 occurrences256–256 Mya — about 0.1 occurrences256–255 Mya — about 0.1 occurrences255–255 Mya — about 0.1 occurrences255–254 Mya — about 0.1 occurrences254–254 Mya — about 0.1 occurrences254–253 Mya — about 0.1 occurrences253–252 Mya — about 0.1 occurrences252–252 Mya — about 0.1 occurrences252–251 Mya — about 0.0 occurrences267.4 Mya251.4 Mya

2 occurrences of Rhizoctonia on record, most of them in the Permian. The Paleobiology Database records this as a living group, and the chart stops with its fossils rather than at the present. Bar height is expected occurrences, not a count: each fossil is spread across the span it is dated to, so a tall narrow bar means tight dating and a low wide one means loose.

When

2 occurrences

These are dates about fossils, not the animal: the record can only begin after it arose and end before it died out, so either end may reach further. Shares are expected occurrences: a fossil dated to a span is counted partly in each period it straddles. More on what this infers.

Found in

1 formation

Kamthi — 23.80°N, 86.10°EKamthi — 20.51°N, 78.97°E

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The named rock units Rhizoctonia has been recovered from, largest first. Drawn where the rock is now, not where it formed.

Rhizoctonia and its relatives

Permian

Where Rhizoctonia and its relatives were recorded in the Permian.

Found in the same rock

19 taxa

The Paleobiology Database records 2 sites for Rhizoctonia, and this reads all of them. The number is how many of those sites it was catalogued from too.

This is not a list of everything alive at the time. It is only what has come out of the same ground as this animal and been written down.

Entered from

2 references

Each of the 2 occurrences read was entered from one of these publications, ordered by how many each accounts for. This is not a search for papers mentioning the name. Entries link to doi.org where the Paleobiology Database holds an identifier, and to its own record where it does not. Relayed as the Paleobiology Database holds them, not checked against what they resolve to.

Media and terms

Media content1

Picture of Rhizoctonia

Credit
nobody named on the record
Licence
CC BY 3.0 us
Commercial use
the licence allows it

No 3D scan of Rhizoctonia was found in Sketchfab.

Smithsonian Open Access and MorphoSource were not reached for this taxon, so this list is what the others held rather than everything there is.

The description on this site

Licence
CC BY-SA 4.0

This is what the site found, which is not the same as what exists.

Keep going

What may have been alongside itFungi through timeFormations of the PermianThe world it lived on

Occurrence data from the Paleobiology Database, CC BY 4.0. de Candolle 1815