Pleuronectidae

Pleuronectidae, also known as righteye flounders, are a family of flounders. They are called "righteye flounders" because most species lie on the sea bottom on their left sides, with both eyes on their right sides. The Paralichthyidae are the opposite, with their eyes on the left side. A small number of species in Pleuronectidae can also have their eyes on the left side, notably the members of the genus Platichthys.

Pleuronectidae

Uncredited · via Wikipedia/Commons. May be a photograph of a specimen, or an artist’s reconstruction — an interpretation of a skeleton, since colour and soft tissue are almost never preserved.

On record

Recorded, not inferred
Sits inside
PleuronectoideiPBDB
Diet
carnivorePBDB, for Pleuronectiformes
Life habit
nektobenthicPBDB, for Pleuronectiformes
Motility
actively mobilePBDB, for Pleuronectiformes

Time the record covers

At least 37 million years on record.

The record covers at least 37.71 Mya to 11.7 ka. No occurrence read is dated outside 41.03 Mya to 0 Mya.

Eocene — about 2 of 47 occurrencesEoceneOligocene — about 2 of 47 occurrencesOligoceneMiocene — about 12 of 47 occurrencesMiocenePliocene — about 6 of 47 occurrencesPleistocene — about 24 of 47 occurrences42–40 Mya — about 0.2 occurrences40–39 Mya — about 0.4 occurrences39–38 Mya — about 0.4 occurrences38–36 Mya — about 0.4 occurrences36–35 Mya — about 0.4 occurrences35–33 Mya — about 0.3 occurrences33–32 Mya — about 0.1 occurrences32–31 Mya — about 0.1 occurrences31–29 Mya — about 0.1 occurrences29–28 Mya — about 0.1 occurrences28–27 Mya — about 0.3 occurrences27–25 Mya — about 0.5 occurrences25–24 Mya — about 0.5 occurrences24–22 Mya — about 0.5 occurrences22–21 Mya — about 0.6 occurrences21–20 Mya — about 0.3 occurrences20–18 Mya — about 0.7 occurrences18–17 Mya — about 2 occurrences17–15 Mya — about 1 occurrence15–14 Mya — about 0.7 occurrences14–13 Mya — about 0.7 occurrences13–11 Mya — about 1 occurrence11–9.8 Mya — about 2 occurrences9.8–8.4 Mya — about 2 occurrences8.4–7.0 Mya — about 1 occurrence7.0–5.6 Mya — about 0.3 occurrences5.6–4.2 Mya — about 2 occurrences4.2–2.8 Mya — about 4 occurrences2.8–1.4 Mya — about 2 occurrences1.4–0 Mya — about 24 occurrences37.71 Mya11.7 ka41.9 Mya0 Mya

47 occurrences of Pleuronectidae on record, most of them in the Pleistocene. The Paleobiology Database records this as a living group. Bar height is expected occurrences, not a count: each fossil is spread across the span it is dated to, so a tall narrow bar means tight dating and a low wide one means loose.

When

47 occurrences

These are dates about fossils, not the animal: the record can only begin after it arose and end before it died out, so either end may reach further. Shares are expected occurrences: a fossil dated to a span is counted partly in each period it straddles. More on what this infers.

Found in

15 formations

Port Orford — 42.81°N, 124.53°WPort Orford — 42.83°N, 124.56°WMonterey — 34.61°N, 120.44°WRifle Butts — 45.12°S, 170.93°ERifle Butts — 45.08°S, 170.95°EPalos Verdes Sand — 33.99°N, 118.45°WTimms Point Silt — 33.73°N, 118.28°WSan Pedro — 33.75°N, 118.29°WNiguel — 33.64°N, 117.89°WBarton Clay — 50.74°N, 1.69°WJewett — 35.49°N, 118.85°WYorktown — 35.36°N, 76.82°WOnzole — 0.87°N, 79.89°WBowden — 17.88°N, 76.28°WKiwado — 34.37°N, 131.12°EElk River — 42.81°N, 124.81°WPeresheek Mountain — 58.58°N, 163.60°E

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The named rock units Pleuronectidae has been recovered from, largest first. Drawn where the rock is now, not where it formed. 16 occurrences have no formation on record, which is common for older literature.

Pleuronectidae and its relatives

Pleistocene

Where Pleuronectidae and its relatives were recorded in the Pleistocene.

Found in the same rock

1,562 taxa

The Paleobiology Database records 26 sites for Pleuronectidae, and this reads all of them. The number is how many of those sites it was catalogued from too. The 24 sharing the most are listed.

This is not a list of everything alive at the time. It is only what has come out of the same ground as this animal and been written down.

Entered from

27 references

Each of the 47 occurrences read was entered from one of these publications, ordered by how many each accounts for. This is not a search for papers mentioning the name. 15 further references are not listed. Entries link to doi.org where the Paleobiology Database holds an identifier, and to its own record where it does not. Relayed as the Paleobiology Database holds them, not checked against what they resolve to.

Media and terms

Media content1

Picture of Pleuronectidae

Credit
nobody named on the record
Licence
not stated by the source
Commercial use
cannot be read from the licence given — check the record

No 3D scan of Pleuronectidae was found in MorphoSource and Sketchfab.

Smithsonian Open Access was not reached for this taxon, so this list is what the others held rather than everything there is.

The description on this site

Licence
CC BY-SA 4.0

This is what the site found, which is not the same as what exists.

Keep going

What may have been alongside itPleuronectoidei through timeFormations of the PleistoceneThe world it lived on

Occurrence data from the Paleobiology Database, CC BY 4.0.